Altheim (Walldürn)

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Altheim
City of Walldürn
Altheim coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 31 '7 "  N , 9 ° 26' 37"  E
Height : 318 m
Area : 24.09 km²
Residents : 1302
Population density : 54 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 74731
Area code : 06285
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Altheim is a village in building land and a district of the pilgrimage and garrison town of Walldürn in the Neckar-Odenwald district in Baden-Württemberg , which celebrated its 1200th anniversary in the summer of 1974. The district also includes the Dörntal and Kudach farms and the Untere Mühle residential area.

Geographical location

Altheim is located in the south-facing valley of the Kirnau , which rises a little above the village, at heights between about 310  m and 370  m above sea level. NN in the inlet area of ​​three side valleys. The core city of Walldürn is about 9 kilometers to the northwest as the crow flies. In an arc from northwest to north to northeast, the uppermost Kirnau valley basin moves around at heights between 390  m and 420  m above sea level. NN the watershed to the Erfa , which runs to the Main , while the Kirnau itself drains over the Neckar . The hilly field around the village is mostly under the plow, but there are also small forest islands in it, which expand into almost contiguous forest areas in the wider area, especially in the north and south.

The two associated farms Dörntal and Kudach are in the east of the village on two upper arms of another Kirnau tributary, the Untermühle residential area at its mouth less than a kilometer south of the lower end of the village.

history

Altheim is one of the oldest settlements on the building site. Megalithic graves indicate that the area was already settled around 500 BC. Took place. The Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes , to which the small fort Rinschheim belonged, ran just under 3.5 km west of the village .

The place is mentioned for the first time in documents in 774 and 776 as "Altheim" in the Lorsch Codex in two deeds of donation at the time of Charlemagne . It was not until 1280 that there was further written evidence about the existence of "Althen" or "Altheyn" in connection with the rights of the city of Buchen . It is certain that Altheim was then a fiefdom of the Hochstift in Würzburg at the beginning of the 14th century .

Further documents show that the “ male from Bödigheim ” and the “gentlemen from Adelsheim” were landlords in Altheim as early as the 15th century and sold it to the Archbishopric of Mainz at the end of the 15th century , where it remained until 1803 . The two farms “Kudach” and “Dörntal” are also mentioned in these two sales documents. The "lower mill" is mentioned as early as 1347.

In 1803 Altheim falls through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the Prince of Leiningen to come and in 1806 to the newly created Grand Duchy of Baden. Altheim was not spared from numerous chaos of war and epidemics over the centuries. Plague and famine as a result of the Peasants 'Wars in 1524/25 and the Thirty Years' War (1618–48) killed a large part of the village population.

The German-French war of 1870/71 caused no casualties among Altheimer citizens, while in the First World War 37 and the Second World War 71 veterans were unable to return to their homeland community.

Agriculture has always played a dominant role in the municipality of Altheim, which already had over 1000 inhabitants around 1800 and has one of the largest parcels of building land with around 2400 hectares. For many decades, an important branch of agriculture in Altheim's agriculture was the cultivation of green kernels , which also originated here.

On December 31, 1971, Altheim was incorporated into Walldürn.

Cultural monuments

Economy and Infrastructure

Tennis facility of the TC Blau-Weiß Altheim

In 2016 there were still four full-time farmers in Altheim, two of whom were dairy farmers, one of whom is a training company. A large part of the area is cultivated on a secondary and additional basis. Wheat, barley, rape, maize, spelled and rye are most commonly grown; occasionally also potatoes, oats, soy and sugar beets. In 2006, three farmers built a biogas plant as an alternative to food production.

The craft was also very distinctive. Many businesses were represented on site: blacksmiths , wagons , shoemakers , tanners , coopers , joiners , carpenters , bricklayers , dyers , linen weavers , beer brewers , bakers , butchers and stoners . In 1806, linen weaving was the most strongly represented trade with 26 weavers.

Today there are only a few craft businesses left in the village. Many jobs were created by the establishment of the Rohlf-Feinelektrik company in 1963, which was later continued by the Bartec Compit company, and the Perga Plastic company in 1970. In 1995 the branch of Bartec Compit in Altheim was closed and many locals have lost their jobs for decades. However, Perga Plastic expanded rapidly and today employs around 200 people. In 2015/2016 a company expansion began, for which the Brügelgraben was relocated to the southern side of the Tiefenweg.

A Bundeswehr depot provides a few more jobs. However, this is to be closed in 2017 as part of some reforms; What will happen in the future with the just over 100 hectare site is open. The establishment of an amusement park, information centers or the generation of renewable energies are considered.

In 1956 the town hall, 1964/65 a school building and 1968 a fire station were built on high-rise buildings. In 1966/70 a rectory and 1973/74 a kindergarten were rebuilt. With the connection to the long-distance water supply and the construction of a new elevated tank in 1973, the water supply was secured. In addition, the land consolidation and the construction of a retention basin improved the infrastructure of Altheim, as did the house and surface sewer system connected to the sewage treatment plant.

The "Altheimer Höhe" wind farm comprises five wind turbines, three of which were built in 2001 and another two in 2010.

The quality of living in the place was increased by means of village renovation measures and the “Gütleinsäcker” development area. Starting in 2016, the aforementioned residential area on Begonienstraße will be expanded by 24 building sites.

traffic

From Walldürn the L 519 leads into the village, it leaves it downhill and south towards Sindolsheim . In the village the L 579 joins this from Richtstetten in the northeast. The next motorway junction is about 17 km away on the road, the Boxberg junction on the A 81 . A little closer are the stations Walldürn and Buchen on the Seckach – Miltenberg railway line and Rosenberg on the Frankenbahn ( Stuttgart - Würzburg ).

Former coat of arms

At the suggestion of the General State Archives, Altheim adopted its coat of arms in 1909: "A golden (yellow) crook in red accompanied by two six-spoke silver (white) wheels." The wheel is the coat of arms of the Electorate of Mainz . The coat of arms expired at the end of 1971 when it was incorporated into Walldürn.

Personalities

literature

  • Ruth Cypionka: “Metropolis of the green core”. The Grünkerndarren in Altheim - a unique agricultural ensemble . In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 42nd year 2013, issue 3, pp. 159–164 ( PDF 513 kB ).

Web links

Commons : Altheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Altheim on www.wallduern.de , accessed on February 26, 2015
  2. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 4), documents 2866 and 2865 from 774 and 776. In: Heidelberg historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 250 , accessed on April 1, 2015 .
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 474 .
  4. ↑ The coat of arms of Walldürn and its districts. Walldürn website, accessed on February 26, 2015 .