August Leopold von Reuss

August Leopold von Reuss

The leading personalities of the Vienna Polyclinic, 1902.
(from left to right: August Leopold von Reuss, Auxiliary Bishop Godfried Marschall , Princess Pauline von Metternich , Alois Monti , Julius Mauthner

The department heads of the General Polyclinic in Vienna around 1885.
From left, seated:
Alois Monti , Johann Schnitzler , Robert Ultzmann , Jakob Hock , Samuel Siegfried Karl von Basch ;
Standing from left:
August Leopold von Reuss , Emil Stoffella , Wilhelm Winternitz , Leopold Oser , Anton von Frisch , Hans von Hebra , Ludwig Fürth , Moriz Benedikt , Viktor Urbantschitsch , Max Herz , Anton Wölfler , Ludwig Bandl

The professors at the Medical University of Vienna, chalk drawing by Olga Prager, Vienna 1908–1910. In the Dean's Office of the Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna. Edmund von Neusser , Siegmund Exner-Ewarten , Isidor Schnabel , Ferdinand Hochstetter , Alfons Edler von Rosthorn , Anton Weichselbaum , Leopold Schrötter von Kristelli , Heinrich Obersteiner , Julius Wagner-Jauregg , Viktor von Ebner-Rofenstein , Carl Toldt , Gustav Riehl , Ottokar von Chiari , Anton von Frisch , Ernst Fuchs , Anton Freiherr von Eiselberg , Hans Horst Meyer , Ernst Ludwig , Rudolf Chrobak , Theodor Escherich , Alexander Kolisko , Julius von Hochenegg , Arthur Schattenfroh , Carl von Noorden , Emil Zuckerkandl , Richard Paltauf , Gustav Gaertner , Leopold Oser , Josef Moeller , Alois Monti , Julius Mauthner , Viktor Urbantschitsch , August Leopold von Reuss, Adolf von Strümpell , Ernest Finger , Adolf Lorenz , Friedrich Schauta

August Leopold von Reuss (born November 5, 1841 in Bilin (Bílina), Bohemia , † September 4, 1924 in Vienna ) was an Austrian ophthalmologist .

Life

August Leopold Reuss came from a family of doctors and scholars, his father was August Emanuel von Reuss . He studied from 1859 at the Charles University in Prague and from 1863 to 1865 at the University of Vienna . In Prague he became a member of the Corps Austria . In 1865 he received his doctorate in Vienna and in 1867 as a surgeon. He was a student of Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke and Eduard Jäger von Jaxtthal . From 1866 to 1870 he worked as clinical and private assistant to Carl Ferdinand von Arlt . In 1870 he completed his habilitation in ophthalmology and then worked as a private lecturer. From 1872 to 1922 he was head of the eye department of the newly established Vienna Polyclinic, where he gave well-attended lectures. In 1884/85 he was the second head of the 2nd Eye Clinic. In 1885 Reuss received an extraordinary professorship and in 1889 became deputy director of the polyclinic, of which he was head from 1909 to 1918. In 1904 he received a titular and in 1914 an honorary professorship. In addition, he worked as a city ophthalmologist for the poor from 1881 and ran an extensive practice. Reuss began his work from the exact mathematical side of ophthalmology ( optics , ophthalmometry, corneal curvature ) and developed his own method of eye fluoroscopy . He also turned to work-related and school-related eye problems (influence of close-up work on the development of myopia in students, color sense, color blindness and refraction in railway and marine personnel) and became a pioneer in school hygiene through his suggestions for improvement . His investigations of the visual field in nervous diseases, especially in traumatic neuroses, are also significant . He wrote 76 scientific papers, numerous ophthalmological educational publications and several botanical articles.

Others

The Reuss color tables are named after Reuss and were used to determine the degree of color blindness in the past . His son August Reuss (1879–1954) was a professor of paediatrics in Graz and Vienna and a. a. Head of the Reich Institute for "Maternity Protection and Infant Care" in Vienna-Glanzing. With his book The Diseases of the Newborn , published in Berlin in 1914, he became a pioneer of Viennese neonatology .

Works

• Ophthalmometric Studies . Together with MW Woinow, Vienna 1869.
• The eyes of the pupils of the Leopoldstadt Communal Real and Obergymnasium in Vienna . Vienna 1874.
• Investigations into the optical constants of ametropic eyes . 1877.
• Ophthalmometric communications .
• Influence of age on the curvature of the cornea . In: Albrecht von Graefe: Archive for Ophthalmology 27, Dept. 1, 1881.
• The blindness and its causes . Collection of charitable lectures. Prague 1881.
• Refraction changes in the adolescent eye .
• About the miners' nystagmus . In: Albrecht von Graefe: Archive for Ophthalmology 23, Dept. 3, 1877.
• Color sense and refraction in railway workers . In: Albrecht von Graefe: Archive for Ophthalmology 29, Dept. 2, 1883.
• New method of detecting color blindness .
• Macular keratitis .
• Ophthalmological communications from the 2nd Eye Clinic .
• The visual field in functional nerve disorders . Deuticke, Vienna 1902.
• The electrical treatment of inflammatory eye diseases . In: WMW 63, 1913.

literature

• Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of the last fifty years . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich and Vienna 1962, Volume 2, p. 1287.
• J. Lauber:  Reuss August Leopold von. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 9, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1483-4 , p. 97.
• Anton Elschig; August Ritter von Reuss . In: Sudeten German Life Pictures . Volume 3. Reichenberg 1934, p. 210.
• Julius Hirschberg: History of Ophthalmology . Vienna 1918, §1235 / II, p. 377f, reprint Olms Hildesheim 1978, ISBN 978-3-487-06461-1

Web links

Commons : August Leopold von Reuss  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ The college of professors at the Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna, Vienna 1908–1910 . Photo credits: Collections of the Medical University of Vienna - Josephinum, picture archive; Associated personal identification .