Bianca Commichau-Lippisch

Bianca Mathilde Helene Agnes Commichau-Lippisch (born August 18, 1890 in Rome , Italy ; † February 15, 1968 in Barmstedt , Schleswig-Holstein ), born as Bianca Mathilde Helene Agnes Lippisch , called "Bice", was a German landscape and Portrait painter .

family

She was the first child and the only daughter of the painter Franz Lippisch (born January 23, 1859 in Hammerschneidemühle, Oststernberg district , † February 22, 1941 in Jamlitz in Niederlausitz ) and his wife Clara Commichau (1856–1942), whose parents Machine manufacturer Rudolf Commichau (born April 18, 1863 in Białystok , † December 14, 1910 in Magdeburg ) and his wife Blanca von Hane were.

The later economist Anselm Lippisch (* 1892), later married to the painter Dorothea Ansorge (1892-1998), and the future aircraft designer Alexander Martin Lippisch (* November 2, 1894 in Munich , † February 11, 1976 in Cedar Rapids , Iowa , USA ) were her younger brothers. She first grew up in Munich, from 1895 on in Kantstrasse in the city of Charlottenburg near Berlin, right next to the Theater des Westens, which was built at the time . In 1915 the family moved to Jamlitz in Niederlausitz .

On May 21, 1921 she married her cousin, the estate inspector Alfred Carl Rudolph Commichau (born June 15, 1894 in Białystok , † June 25, 1944 between Vitebsk and Orscha , Belarus ). From this marriage three daughters were born between 1922 and 1930. She lived with her husband until 1939 on the manor Straupitz of the Counts and Barons of Houwald .

From 1939 she lived in Cottbus . During the Second World War, her husband was the commander of the 1st Battalion of the 691th Infantry Regiment belonging to the 339th Infantry Division of the Wehrmacht . In October 1941, he gave the order to shoot Belarusian Jewish civilians at Krucha near Smolensk .

Life

Bianca Lippisch grew up in a middle-class, liberal family. Her mother came from a wealthy industrial family and was therefore wealthy. In her youth, Bianca Lippisch developed a keen interest in dance and theater and heard readings by the poet Stefan George , among others .

Their academic training in drawing and painting she completed from 1906 to 1911, first in the newly established art school of her father and from 1912 to 1916 at de Henry van Velde in the Grand Ducal Saxon art school in Weimar , where she also with ornaments , woodcut and sculpture deals was.

The First World War changed the family's living conditions to their disadvantage. From 1917 to 1919 Bianca Lippisch worked as a teacher for drawing in the reform-pedagogical rural education home Freie Schulgemeinde in Wickersdorf near Saalfeld in the Thuringian Forest . Despite her relatively short stay at this boarding school, she took over one of the camaraderie there and was involved in Martin Luserke's "movement game" ( performing game ), for which she designed costumes and sets, but also wrote scripts and staged plays.

She then worked as a freelance portrait painter in Frankfurt am Main and in Darmstadt, southern Hesse, and was involved in the short-term project “Kunstgewerbliche Werkstätten Jamlitz”, which failed due to the hyperinflation of the time.

Grave of Franz Lippisch , Clara Lippisch geb. Commichau, and Bianca Commichau-Lippisch in Jamlitz , 2010

After her marriage in 1921, she created portraits and numerous depictions of Spreewald landscapes and costumes at the Straupitz manor . In order to avoid confusing the name with a related artist, she signed her pictures with “Commichau-Lippisch”. As a member of the artists' association "Die Siebener" founded in 1925, she exhibited in Cottbus, Frankfurt (Oder) and Lübben . Her works from the 1930s primarily represent rural scenes, traditional costumes and the landscape of the Spreewald.

During the Second World War , her paintings were stored in Lübben, some of which were destroyed when the city was destroyed. After the end of the war in 1945, she moved with her daughters to the house of her father, who died in 1941, in Jamlitz, where she had to support the family with her paintings - including landscapes.

She worked in Jamlitz until 1964 before moving to Schleswig-Holstein with her youngest daughter. She died at the age of 77 and was buried in the Jamlitz cemetery, Lieberose / Oberspreewald, in the Dahme-Spreewald district in Brandenburg .

Publications

• Matthias Krebs (photos), Annette Krüger (text): Bianca Commichau-Lippisch 1890–1968, pictures of an artist's life (= Museum Schloss Lübben, treasures, no. 8). Regia-Verlag, Cottbus 2006, ISBN 978-3-939656-04-3 .

Web links

• Work show

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Andreas von Klewitz: The Lausitz portraits . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , February 23, 2018.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Painter Franz Lippisch from Hammerschneidemühle near Hammer , on: oststernberg.de
3. ↑ Commichau Brothers, Maschinenfabrik , on: sudenburg-chronik.de
4. ↑ The importance of the potato for the nutrition and economy of Prussia with special consideration of statistics , inaugural dissertation, Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophical Faculty, April 15, 1918, on: hathitrust.org
5. ^ Christian Heitler, Eike Rathgeber: register of persons. In: Elke Rathgeber, Christian Heitler, Manuela Schwartz (eds.): Conrad Ansorge 1862–1930. A fin de siècle pianist in Berlin and Vienna (= Viennese publications on music history, edited by Markus Grassl and Reinhard Kapp, Volume 12). Böhlau Verlag, Vienna, Cologne, Weimar 2017, ISBN 978-3-205-20307-0 , p. 704.
6. ^ Friedrich Gundolf, Elisabeth Salomon: Briefwechsel (1914–1931) . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-1104-2763-9 , pp. 156, 178f., 187, 189, 192.
7. ^ Matthias Krebs (photos), Annette Krüger (text): Bianca Commichau-Lippisch 1890–1968, Pictures of an Artist's Life (= Museum Schloss Lübben, Treasures, No. 8). Regia-Verlag, Cottbus 2006, ISBN 978-3-939656-04-3 , p. 2f., P. 18.
8. ^ ^{A b} Alfred Carl Rudolph Commichau. In: Bernhard Koerner (Ed.), Daniel Ihonor (Ed.): German Gender Book . Volume 215 - Saxony, 2nd Upper Saxon Gender Book, CA Starke, Limburg 2002, ISBN 978-3-7980-0215-9 .
9. ↑ Roland Hottas: Special portraits and landscapes are shown in Lübben Castle. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . March 20, 2006, on: lr-online.de
10. ^ Christiaan F. Rüter , DW de Mildt (ed.): Justice and Nazi crimes. Collection of German convictions for Nazi homicidal crimes 1945–1966. Volume XIII. University Press, Amsterdam 1975, ISBN 978-9-0896-4490-9 , pp. 615-644. No. 429: Subject matter of the proceedings: shooting of the Jewish residents of Krutscha (near Smolensk) on the orders of the battalion commander, Darmstadt Regional Court, March 10, 1956.
11. ↑ Peter Schulz-Hageleit: Awareness of history and care for the future: Unconsciousness in historical and historical didactic discourse. History lessons as "historical life science". Springer Verlag, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-8255-0486-1 , pp. 141-142.
12. ↑ Scope of action. In: Verbrechen der Wehrmacht, on: verbrechen-der-wehrmacht.de
13. ^ Matthias Krebs (photos), Annette Krüger (text): Bianca Commichau-Lippisch 1890–1968, Pictures of an Artist's Life (= Museum Schloss Lübben, Treasures, No. 8). Regia-Verlag, Cottbus 2006, ISBN 978-3-939656-04-3 , p. 12.
14. ↑ Directory of teachers of the Free School Community in Wickersdorf near Saalfeld in the Thuringian Forest. In: Archives of the German Youth Movement , Ludwigstein Castle near Witzenhausen , Hesse .
15. ↑ Peter Dudek : "Experimental field for a new youth" - The Free School Community of Wickersdorf 1906–1945. Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2009, ISBN 978-3-7815-1681-6 , p. 356.
16. ^ Matthias Krebs (photos), Annette Krüger (text): Bianca Commichau-Lippisch 1890–1968, Pictures of an Artist's Life (= Museum Schloss Lübben, Treasures, No. 8). Regia-Verlag, Cottbus 2006, ISBN 978-3-939656-04-3 , p. 18.
17. ^ Matthias Krebs (photos), Annette Krüger (text): Bianca Commichau-Lippisch 1890–1968, Pictures of an Artist's Life (= Museum Schloss Lübben, Treasures, No. 8). Regia-Verlag, Cottbus 2006, ISBN 978-3-939656-04-3 , pp. 20-44.
18. ↑ Dörte Hellwig: Surprised by the painting grandmother. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . May 5, 2006, on: lr-online.de
19. ↑ Jörg Kühl: Painters appreciated the seclusion. In: Märkische Oderzeitung . June 27, 2018, on: moz.de
20. ↑ ie [Dorte Hellwig]: museum commemorates Jamlitzer painter. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . February 10, 2006, on: lr-online.de