Brückenauer Kuppenrhön

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Brückenauer Kuppenrhön
location Bad Kissingen district , Bavaria and Fulda district , Hesse
Southwestern part of the Kuppenrhön , Rhön
Brückenauer Kuppenrhön (Bavaria)
Brückenauer Kuppenrhön
Coordinates 50 ° 20 '  N , 9 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 20 '  N , 9 ° 46'  E
surface 187.3 km²
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The Brückenauer Kuppenrhön at Dreistelzberg in the south 660  m and at the Große Haube in the north 658  m high is the most south-westerly natural area of the low mountain range Rhön, which drains almost exclusively for the sense . Its 79.06 km² large western half is in the district of Fulda , Hesse , while the slightly larger eastern half of around 108.2 km², in which the eponymous city of Bad Brückenau is also located, is in the district of Bad Kissingen , Bavaria .

Location and limits

Foreland and Kuppenrhön

To the northwest, west of Heubach , the Brückenauer Kuppenrhön merges into the continuous basalt shield of the ridge . Sheet 140 Schweinfurt draws the natural border a little further to the west, along a line from southeast of Gundhelm to northeast to Oberkalbach . Geologically, and according to popular belief, the ridge begins in the 596.6  m high Frauenstein .

The northern border to the flatter western Rhön foreland runs from Oberkalbach east-northeast to Uttrichshausen and follows the Schmidtwasser to its confluence with the Döllbach .

In the eastern north near Motten , the Döllbach-Oberlauf Döllau is a border to the Milseburger Kuppenrhön up to 835  m high , which here in the Hohen Kammer ( 700  m ) directly faces the Großer Haube ( 658  m ).

High Rhön

The subsequent north-east border to the Dammersfeld ridge, which is up to 928  m high , initially follows a line for about 550  m around the 674  m high Ehrenberg (pilgrimage chapel Maria Ehrenberg ), then a source upstream section of the Schmale Sinn and finally curves around the 808  m high Kleine Auersberg to a good 600  m to reach the valley of the sense north of ( Wildflecken -) Oberbach .

The Sinntal finally forms from here downstream to below Riedenberg the southeast border to the Black Mountains up to 839  m high ; the southernmost section of that border follows the state road in the direction of Geroda to the same place.

South Rhön and Spessart

Between Geroda and Rupboden , the Südrhön - despite its name, is part of the main unit group Odenwald, Spessart and Südrhön and thus more a part of the Spessart than one of the Rhön - southern neighbor, whereby the line between the two places through two narrow southern foothills - a multi-knoll near Schondra and a round about the 660  m high Dreistelzberg - is exceeded, whereby the southern Rhön town of Oberleichtersbach is framed in a semicircle to the north by the southernmost peaks of the Rhön.

The Schmale Sinn leaves the Brückenau Kuppenrhön near Weichersbach ; from this place to the northwest the narrow eastern border to the Schlüchtern basin stretches around Schlüchtern , which introduces the actual Spessart , which at Mottgers as a sandstone spessart comes very close to the most south-westerly peaks of the Brückenau Kuppenrhön.

expansion

The Brückenauer Kuppenrhön is on average 15 km wide in north-south and east-west directions.

Landscape and geology

Geological map of the Brückenau Kuppenrhön
Basalt wall on the stump of linden, which is only 527 m high due to basalt mining

Despite its comparatively small size, the Brückenau Kuppenrhön is geologically , especially in relief , a rather heterogeneous structure.

To the north passes the Rhine-Weser watershed , north of which the Schmidtwasser flows into the Fulda via Döllbach and Fliede . The watershed between the Lower and Middle Main , which separates the Kinzig source brooks on the western slope , passes through the extreme middle west .

Central rivers, however, are Narrow and Wide Sense , which flow through the area from northeast to southwest and only unite to the southwest. In particular, they cut the landscape into three segments.

Northeast

The A 7 separates the north-west perpendicular to the Schmaler and Breiter Sinn valleys, which mainly consists of the Großer Haube ( Mottener Haube , 658  m ) and the 633  m high slope of the Kleiner Auersberg . This is almost entirely on red sandstone (more precisely: on the Middle, at the valley of the Schmalen Sinn partly also on the lower) and the hood has the only noteworthy basalt dome.

west

The part on the right (= northwest) of the Schmalen Sinn that adjoins the hood to the southwest is of a completely different nature: A high plateau consisting of dolerite on the Frauenstein ( 596  m ) and basalt further to the southwest on the Breiten First (up to 568  m ) , initiates the ridge from the east and is commonly attributed to it. From this plateau branches off to the south-east of the Große Nickus ( 558  m ) and from this the Kleine ( 488  m ), which almost touches the Schmale Sinn - both rather Rhön peaks.

southwest

Beyond the valley of the Schmale Sinn, the Stoppelsberg ( 571  m ) made of dolerite and the Doppelkuppe made of Stiftes ( 568  m ) and Haag ( 585  m ) made of nepheline basalt lie in a semicircle from the south around Oberzell , which is already surrounded by the nickus from the north-west and the center of one represents small cauldron.

Individual small basalt breakthroughs can be found with Escheberg ( 516  m ) and Hopfenberg ( 492  m , Schwarzenfels Castle on the southwest slope) in the extreme southwest and, northeast of the Hague, in the Volkersberg (approx. 540  m , Volkersberg Abbey ) in the center of the natural area near the A 7 At the last-mentioned dome, which stands in a small basin surrounded by red sandstone ridges, slab sandstone on middle red sandstone has been preserved under the protective basalt .

southeast

The majority of the small-scaled basalt breakthroughs can be found in the small southeastern part of the natural area, separated by the meaning. South-southwest of Bad Brückenau , in the extreme south, the 660  m high Dreistelzberg clearly towers over the adjoining southern Rhön . To the east of Brückenaus, a whole series of knolls begins, which extend over the series of pilst heads ( 639  m , 614  m and 571  m ) and the trio of Mettermich ( 585  m ), Schildeck Castle ( 590  m ) and Lindenstump (now only through basalt mining still 527  m ) to the southeast until Kreßberg ( 544  m ), the southernmost mountain of the entire Rhön attracts.

mountains

(from left) Schildeck, Mettermich and Dreistelzberg
Big hood
The three pillow heads
Stoppelsberg

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Map and legend of the natural areas of Hesse (online copy of Die Naturraum Hessens , Otto Klausing 1988) in the Hessen Environmental Atlas of the Hessian State Office for Environment and Geology
  2. ↑ Natural areas of the main unit groups 23, 14 and 35 in the Bavaria Atlas of the Bavarian State Government -  Rhine-Main-Tiefland , Odenwald, Spessart, Südrhön and Rhön ( notes )
  3. ↑ The Bavarian natural area 353-A Brückenauer Kuppenrhön according to LfU measures around 10 km² more, but for the sake of simplicity it encompasses the Hohe Kammer, which after Blatt Schweinfurt already introduces the - otherwise purely Hessian - Milseburger Kuppenrhön .
  4. ↑ a b Brigitte Schwenzer: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 140 Schweinfurt - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1968 → online map (PDF; 4 MB).
  5. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  6. ^ E. Meynen , J. Schmithüsen : Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany - Federal Institute for Regional Studies; 4th / 5th Delivery Remagen 1957, 6th delivery Remagen 1959, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960
  7. ↑ Werner Röll: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 126 Fulda - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1969 → online map (PDF; 4 MB).