Buchenau (Eiterfeld)

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Buchenau
Market town of Eiterfeld
Buchenau coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 46 ′ 53 ″  N , 9 ° 45 ′ 56 ″  E
Height : 266 m above sea level NHN
Area : 15.84 km²
Residents : 353  (Dec. 31, 2017)
Population density : 22 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : August 1, 1972
Postal code : 36132
Area code : 06672
Aerial view of Buchenau
Aerial view of Buchenau

Buchenau is a district of the market town of Eiterfeld in the eastern Hessian district of Fulda and has around 350 inhabitants.

geography

Buchenau is located in a valley on the northern edge of the Rhön . The Eitra flows through the village , a tributary of the Haune , which flows into the Fulda in Bad Hersfeld . Three castles , a historic church and numerous half-timbered houses shape the face of this place.

history

In 948 Buchenau was first mentioned in a document from Otto I as Buochon . In 1217 the name Buchenau first appeared as the seat of the noble family of the same name . The knighthood of Buchenau , which had reached its peak under Eberhard von Buchenau in the late Middle Ages , died out in the male line in 1815 through the suicide of 18-year-old Ludwig Karl von Buchenau. In 1572 the Spiegel Castle was built by Eberhard von Buchenau and in 1578 Conrad Hermann von Buchenau had the Seckendorff Castle built. Both castles are located together within a moat and a double wall and are known as the "Old Castle". Buchenau Castle was built between 1611 and 1618 . The names of the three Buchenau castles in use today (Spiegel-Schloss, Seckendorff-Schloss and Schenck-Schloss) come from the former and current owners.

Buchenau became Protestant around 1555 . When in 1629 the fuldische Abt Johann Bernhard Schenk zu Schweinsberg wanted to use the Catholic Church Constitution again, the family protested by Buchenau and fled temporarily to Bad Hersfeld . As a result, Buchenau remained Protestant, although it was then again in the Catholic monastery area.

Territorial reform

On August 1, 1972, the previously independent municipality of Buchenau, which also included the district of Giesenhain , was incorporated into the municipality of Eiterfeld by state law as part of the regional reform in Hesse .

The Buchenau court

The "Buchenau Court" referred to the rule of the Lords of Buchenau. The court was under the rulership of Fulda Abbey and included Buchenau, Bodes , Branders , Erdmannrode , Fischbach , Giesenhain and Soislieden .

Lignite mining

It is possible that lignite was being mined in Buchenau as early as 1890, as indicated by a mining permit from the "Clausthal-Zellerfeld / Harz mining authority" in October 1874. What is certain, however, is that from 1922 to 1924 and again from 1945 to 1950 lignite was mined underground. Up to 70 miners worked at a depth of around 320 meters and produced 18 tons a day. The operator was Iffland & Koch from Bad Hersfeld. In 1950, operations were stopped because there had been water ingress into the tunnels in previous years and because sales of the raw coal that were extracted collapsed because the competition was now offering the more popular briquettes .

Culture and sights

Buildings

The Protestant church from 1573
Aerial view of Buchenau Castle
The General House
Seckendorff Castle in Buchenau

Protestant church

The Protestant church was built between 1568 and 1573 by Eberhard von Buchenau. It is a simple hall building with a choir tower with a tower dome from 1820. The interior design dates from 1800 and is equipped with three-sided, two-story galleries. Worth mentioning are two wooden reliefs from an altar shrine, several grave monuments in the choir from the 16th to 19th centuries and the organ from 1787.

Schloss Buchenau, even Schenck castle called

At Schloss Buchenau is a two-wing palace in the Weser Renaissance style. The castle was built between 1611 and 1618 by Georg Melchior von Buchenau (with wife Agnes von Schwalbach). The von Schenck zu Schweinsberg family acquired the castle in 1694 and lived there until 1912.

General House

The Generalshaus is a half-timbered house built in 1550 and, among other things, was once the rent shop for the Schenck Castle. The house was probably built by Georg von Buchenau (1535 to 1563) and his wife Susanne von Mansbach . A corner stone is provided with the coat of arms of Buchenau and the coat of arms of Mansbach . A tower was built in 1904 as a copy of the tower on the Wartburg in Eisenach . The sandstone portal is provided with the alliance coat of arms of Buchenau and that of Schenck zu Schweinsberg. The General House is the main building in the 'Upper Castle' area. It got its name from a general of Schenck zu Schweinsberg.

Mirror lock

The mirror castle is a two-wing castle building in the Renaissance style and is located right next to the Seckendorff castle . In order to stop the ongoing deterioration of the castle, structural measures are urgently required. After the castle was sold to the von Boyneburg family from 1694 to 1710, the von Warnsdorf family inherited it two generations later. The von Spiegel family inherited it again two generations later. The von Seckendorff family bought it in 1878 . In the meantime, like the Seckendorff Castle, it has been passed on to the von Rotenhan family.

Seckendorff lock

The castle was built or added over several centuries and today offers a very mixed architectural style . The last larger extension dates from the Renaissance period , but you can still easily recognize the original castle. To the east, another was added to an existing tower . Both towers are rectangular and were probably supplemented in 1578 by a stone / half-timbered building to their present appearance. After Sigmund & Ursula von Seckendorff passed away , the palace was bequeathed to their granddaughter. Thus, the castle is now owned by the von Rotenhan family .

societies

Wind farm

Five wind turbines were put into operation in autumn 2016. The plants were commissioned by Abo Wind GmbH, but shortly after commissioning, they were taken over by Trianel Erneuerbare Energien GmbH & Co. KG in Aachen. The plants are operated under the name Trianel Windpark Buchenau GmbH & Co. KG. They are Vestas V126-3.45 turbines with a total output of 17.25 megawatts.

Buchenau Wind GmbH & Co. KG ordered 10 turbines, 9 of which were finally built. Buchenau Wind GmbH & Co. KG is 50% owned by Thüga Erneuerbare Energien GmbH & Co. KG and 50% by RhönEnergie Erneuerbare GmbH. These plants are of the Enercon E-115 type and each have a nominal output of 3 megawatts.

literature

  • Michael Mott : Spiegel-Schloß as a "Kummerprojekt" / In Buchenau: Witnesses of the original Fulda nobility / Expensive emergency security: Funds of almost 700,000 marks invested, in: Fuldaer Zeitung, Nov. 9, 1995, p. 16 (series: DENK-mal! ).
  • Adrian Seib: Cultural monuments in Hessen. District Fulda II. Burghaun, Eiterfeld, Hünfeld, Nüsttal, Rasdorf. State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen (publisher and publisher), Wiesbaden 2011, ISBN 978-3-8062-2607-2 , pp. 164–178.
  • Literature about Buchenau in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Buchenau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Buchenau, District of Fulda. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 12, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Population figures . In: website. Market town of Eiterfeld, accessed in September 2019 .
  3. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Fulda and Hünfeld and the city of Fulda (GVBl. II 330-14) of July 11, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 220 , § 17 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 400 .
  5. ↑ Buchenau, District of Fulda. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of January 23, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on May 1, 2015 .
  6. ↑ Wind turbine construction near Buchenau is no longer on schedule. May 30, 2018, accessed September 17, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Vestas V126-3.45 - 3.45 MW - wind turbine. Retrieved September 17, 2019 .
  8. ↑ -: Thüga and RhönEnergie put Buchenau wind farm in the Rhön into operation. In: Windkraft-Journal. June 25, 2019, accessed on September 17, 2019 (German).
  9. ↑ E-115. Retrieved September 17, 2019 .