Erlstein Castle

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Erlstein Castle
Alternative name (s): Erlenstein, Burgstall Old Castle, Schaibing, Gschloß aufm Reut
Creation time : 14th Century
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Disappeared, two neck trenches received
Place: Thyrnau - Fattendorf -Flur "Reut"
Geographical location 48 ° 35 '21.1 "  N , 13 ° 35' 1"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 35 '21.1 "  N , 13 ° 35' 1"  E
Height: 340  m above sea level NHN
Erlstein Castle (Bavaria)
Erlstein Castle

The castle Erlstein , also written alder stone and old as Burgstall castle, as Schaibing or "Gschloß encouraging Reut", is an Outbound late medieval hilltop castle in a distinctive loop of Eger at Fattendorf in the municipality Thyrnau in the district of Passau in Bavaria . The castle site is roughly dated as late medieval . Only two moats have been preserved from the small castle. The site is protected as a ground monument number D-2-7447-0013 "Burgstall of the late Middle Ages (" Altes Schloß "or" Erlenstein ")".

history

Erlstein Castle was founded in the 14th century, it was built by Bishop Albert III of Passau . of angle . It was on the road from Passau via Erlau to Untergriesbach . The lords of the castle were the Watzmannsdorfer von Thynau, they were ministerials of the Passau bishopric and thus of the bishop.

The end of the castle came after the devastating defeat for the citizens of Passau in the battle of Eger in September 1367 , from which the bishop emerged victorious. After the battle at the confluence of the Erlau into the Danube, today the place is marked with a memorial cross, the bishop's mercenaries moved in front of the nearby Erlstein Castle and destroyed it. The lords of the castle had probably turned against the bishop during the unrest before the battle.

description

The forested castle site is located about 1300 meters east-southeast of the chapel of Fattendorf in the Reut Waldflur on a steeply sloping tongue of land in a narrow, east-facing loop of the Erlau, opposite the confluence of the Figerbach . The castle was secured on three sides by the course of the river Erlau, access was only possible in the west from the rising fore area. At its narrowest point, a 34-meter-long train tunnel, the Schloßberg tunnel, of the disused railway line Passau – Hauzenberg leads through the Schlossberg .

The only small area of ​​Erlstein Castle is around 340  m above sea level. NHN height on an initially ridge-like tongue interspersed with rocks, which widens slightly to the east. To the west-south-west, the castle site is secured by two neck ditches carved out of the rock, one behind the other . There was little space available for buildings, and possibly a lower terrace at the eastern tip of the terrain was also built on.

Around 250 meters west of the castle stable was a now leveled, S-shaped curved rampart that stretched from the north-northeast to the south-southwest. It probably did not belong to the medieval castle complex, but to a prehistoric rampart. There are also trench pits for iron ore mining and the presumed desertification of the village of Reut. This place is also a ground monument with the number D-2-7447-0014 "Leveled ramparts and mining pits (iron ore mining) prehistoric or medieval-early modern times as well as probably desertification of the late Middle Ages and the early modern times (" Reut ")"

literature

  • Michael Weithmann: Castles and palaces in Lower Bavaria - guide to castles and palaces in the Bavarian Forest, between the Danube, Isar and the lower Inn Valley . Verlag Attenkofer, Straubing 2013, ISBN 978-3-936511-77-2 , p. 203.
  • Johannes Pätzold: The prehistoric and early historical area monuments of Lower Bavaria . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 2). Verlag Michael Laßleben , Kallmünz 1983, ISBN 3-7847-5090-7 , p. 245.

Web links

  • Entry on Waldreut in the private database "Alle Burgen".

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  2. ↑ Johannes Pätzold: The prehistoric and early historic terrain monuments of Lower Bavaria , p. 245
  3. ↑ Michael Weithmann: Castles and Palaces in Lower Bavaria - Guide to castles and palaces in the Bavarian Forest, between the Danube, Isar and the lower Inn Valley , p. 203
  4. ^ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  5. ↑ List of monuments for Thyrnau (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 137 kB)
  6. ↑ Johannes Pätzold: The prehistoric and early historic terrain monuments of Lower Bavaria , p. 245
  7. ↑ Michael Weithmann: Castles and Palaces in Lower Bavaria - Guide to castles and palaces in the Bavarian Forest, between the Danube, Isar and the lower Inn Valley , p. 203
  8. ^ Location of the Burgstall in the Bavarian Monument Atlas
  9. ↑ Source description: Johannes Pätzold: The prehistoric and early historical terrain monuments of Lower Bavaria , p. 245 f.
  10. ^ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation