Englburg

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Englburg
The Englburg from the east

The Englburg from the east

Creation time : 1396
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Conversion to a castle
Place: Tittling
Geographical location 48 ° 43 '49.8 "  N , 13 ° 20' 24"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 43 '49.8 "  N , 13 ° 20' 24"  E
Englburg (Bavaria)
Englburg

The Englburg is located in Markt Tittling in the Bavarian Forest about 25 kilometers north of Passau . It is one of the three castles that give the Dreiburgenland its name.

Geographical location

The castle is visible from afar on a ridge. There are numerous hiking trails around the castle, including to the Dreiburgensee . In the spring of 2006, the Danube-Ilz Cycle Path from Hengersberg to Kalteneck was opened, which passes below the Englburg.

history

The nobles von Hals built the hilltop castle in the 11th century.

In 1323 the Counts of Schwarzenstein received the Englburg as a fief of the Halser family. See also: Hofmark Englburg .

In 1330 the Englburg was destroyed by Duke Heinrich dem Natternberger . Wilhelm von Schwarzenstein rebuilt the castle.

In 1394 the citizens of Passau destroyed the castle, who tore down all fortifications in the vicinity of the city in the feud against their bishop. During the reconstruction, the castle was essentially given the structure as it still exists today: a typical hilltop castle with an irregular floor plan, an elevated main building and a bailey.

In 1597 Hans Wolf von Schwarzenstein had the St. George's Chapel renovated.

In 1599 the male line of the Schwarzenstein family died out through the marriage of Marie Elisabeth von Schwarzenstein to the knight Burkhard von Taufkirchen, and the castle came into the possession of the Counts of Taufkirchen, who resided at the Englburg until 1857.

In 1634 the Swedes destroyed the castle in the 30 Years War . Wolf Christoph von Taufkirchen had it rebuilt soon afterwards.

Between 1620 and 1650, perhaps after the Swedish invasions, the two octagonal corner towers of the high castle were built. In 1742 the Pandurs devastated the castle.

In 1774, the Passau court mason Anton Gärtler built the staircase , which was originally crowned by a magnificent fresco , and at the same time the elongated servants' wing was built.

In 1770 a new staircase was built in the south wing of the high castle.

In 1857 the last Count of Taufkirchen, Max Josef Friedrich, colonel in Turkish service , sold the Englburg, which was close to decay, to the landowner and district administrator Max Niedermayer, who restored it.

In 1874, the entire castle burned down to the surrounding walls on a stormy winter night.

In 1875 the castle was restored in the old style under the master builder Stadler from Tittling and the observation tower was built on the upper castle.

In 1929, the East Bavarian Province of the English Fräulein (based in Passau-Niedernburg) acquired the Englburg as a rest home.

During the Second World War , the Englburg became a military hospital , where the English ladies took care of the wounded.

After the end of the war until 1950, the castle was a lung sanatorium of the Red Cross .

In 1950 a thorough repair was carried out before resumption of the pension business , which was then finally stopped in 2004.

On August 21, 1954, Federal President Theodor Heuss signed the law of the Federal Republic of Germany to join the Geneva Red Cross Agreement on the Englburg .

The Englburg has been undergoing a thorough renovation since 2011; it houses apartments, offices and commercial space. The castle is not open to visitors.

Owner of the Englburg:

The noble von Hals The Englburg was built as one of the border fortresses of the Counts von Hals and to secure the Golden Trail to Bohemia , perhaps in the 11th century.

The Schwarzensteiners

1329 - 1360 Wilhelm von Schwarzenstein

1360 - 1428 Andreas I of Schwarzenstein

1397 - before 1468 co-owner knight Wilhelm von Puchberg

1428 - 1468 Andreas II of Schwarzenstein

1468 - 1533 Siegmund von Schwarzenstein

1533 - 1560 Wolfgang von Schwarzenstein

1560 - 1593 Ortolf von Schwarzenstein

1593 - 1599 Hans Wolf von Schwarzenstein

The Taufkirchener

1599 - 1617 Maria Elisabeth married to Burkhard von Taufkirchen zu Guttenberg and Klebing, sister of Hans Wolf von Schwarzenstein

1617 - ???? Burkhard von Taufkirchen zu Guttenberg and Klebing

???? - 1670 Wolf Christoph von Taufkirchen

1670 - 1698 Hans Wolf von Taufkirchen

1698 - 1736 Max Joseph von Taufkirchen

1736 - 1798 Max Emanuel Joseph I. von Taufkirchen

1798 - 1827 Max Joseph Carl von Taufkirchen

1827 - 1858 Max Joseph Emanuel II of Taufkirchen

1858 - 1857 Max Joseph Friedrich von Taufkirchen

The civil time of the Englburg:

1857 - 1929 estate owner Max Niedermayer from Siegenburg through purchase for 44474 guilders, then his son August Niedermayer

1929 - 2004 East Bavarian Province of the Institute of the English Misses in Passau-Niedernburg by purchase for 115,000 gold marks

2004 - 2010 Josef Fischer

Manuela Haase and Günter Schneider have been responsible for the Englburg since 2011

Todays use

Until autumn 2005 the home was run by the English Misses. However, they had to sell the Englburg due to a lack of young talent. In October 2006, the castle found new owners who wanted to set up a guest house and a restaurant . The Englburg was sold at the end of 2010 and is currently being renovated.

Building description

Look at the Englburg of Książ from

The building is divided into the high palace, an east building (former well house) and a south building and the patrimonial court building in the north. The two onion domes with attached lanterns and the roof turret on top of the high castle give it its characteristic appearance. In the north there is still a round tower of the medieval fortification.

The 14th century castle chapel, consecrated to St. George , is located on the upper floor of the high castle. It has a rococo altar. A fresco by the Englburg artist Wilhelm Niedermayer, painted after the Second World War, is on the outer wall of the forest chapel. This is located on a hill north of the castle.

literature

Web links

Commons : Schloss Englburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files