Burgstall Einsiedelbuckel

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Burgstall Einsiedelbuckel
Creation time : Prehistoric and medieval
Castle type : Hilltop castle, spur position, moth
Conservation status: Gone
Place: Malching - "Eichberg"
Geographical location 48 ° 18 '43.5 "  N , 13 ° 10' 30.9"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 18 '43.5 "  N , 13 ° 10' 30.9"  E
Height: 390  m above sea level NHN
Burgstall Einsiedelbuckel (Bavaria)
Burgstall Einsiedelbuckel

The Postal Einsiedel hump is an Outbound medieval hilltop castle site on the eponymous hermit humpback west of Malching in the district of Passau in Bavaria . Before the Middle Ages, there was a prehistoric fortification and settlement of the Early Bronze Age , the Urnfield , Hallstatt and Latène Ages at this point .

From the hill fort of the type of a tower hill castle (Motte) three tower mounds and ditches are still preserved. The Burgstall is registered as a ground monument D-2-7645-0114 "Prehistoric fortifications and castle stables of the Middle Ages, settlement of the early Bronze Age, the Urnfield, Hallstatt and Latène Ages and the Middle Ages" by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation .

description

The castle site, which is completely covered with forest, is located around 700 to 1100 meters west of the Catholic parish church St. Aegidius von Malching on the Einsiedelbuckel, a hilltop in front of the Eichberg on the edge of the wide Inn valley , which forms the border with Austria there . The elongated Burgstall, which runs from east to west, is located at around 390  m above sea level. NN height. The terrain on the southern long side and at the eastern tip drops steeply into the valley of the Inn, to the north the Burgstall is mostly separated from the Eichberg by a valley, only at the northwest corner it is connected to the Eichberg by a saddle. The western tip is separated from the opposite mountain spur by a steep and deeply dug valley, through which the district boundary between Passau and Rottal-Inn runs. The castle complex was naturally well protected against approach on all sides. On the spur there is another castle site, which was also used by Erneck Castle , which was also lost .

The Einsiedelbuckel castle site measures 180 meters in an east-west direction and is divided into four areas. The three western areas each have a cone shaped like a tower hill, and an elongated part adjoins it in the east.

The most exposed western tower hill is steeply sloped and carries a rectangular plateau of 9 × 7 meters. The edges of the plateau are elevated, but this was more likely caused by a recent dig in the loess soil there . On the east side there is a triangular ledge six meters long. The tower hill is 12 meters high to the west, 18 meters to the south and five meters to the north. To the north, the hill is only a weakly pronounced ditch, which gradually rises up to 455  m above sea level. NN height rising Eichberg separates. The east side drops 12 meters into a trench that separates the first and second tower hill.

The second tower hill rises 15 meters from the bottom of this ditch and is thus three meters higher than the first hill. The second hill drops about 16 meters to the south and north, steeply to the south and somewhat flatter to the north. It is separated from the third hill in the east by a two meter deep ditch. The second tower hill has an oval plateau measuring 12 × 6 meters.

The third tower hill is two meters higher than the second and rises four meters from the moat. It is seven meters high in the north and south, followed by the slopes of the Einsiedelbuckels. The plateau of the third cone measures 12 × 8 meters.

The oval inner castle area in the east rises again five meters higher than the third tower hill. It is 50 meters long and up to 14 meters wide. In its western part it is somewhat constricted.

Remains of the prehistoric fortifications are still to be found at the eastern end of the Einsiedelbuckel, to the east of the core castle area of ​​the medieval castle complex and around ten meters below. This area, 60 meters long and 30 meters wide, was fortified by an artificially steep slope to which a slope trench was laid. This trench starts on the north side of the third tower cone and continues to the north, past the core castle area and the lower, eastern area, and separates this area from the last eastern foothills of the Einsiedelbuckels. No traces of a ditch are visible on the steeper sloping south side.

literature

  • Sixtus Lampl , Wilhelm Neu: Lower Bavaria . Ed .: Michael Petzet , Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (=  Monuments in Bavaria . Volume II ). Oldenbourg, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-486-52393-7 .
  • Johannes Pätzold: The prehistoric and early historical area monuments of Lower Bavaria . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 2). Verlag Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1983, ISBN 3-7847-5090-7 , p. 248.

Web links

Entry on Wallburg Einsiedelbuckel in the private database "Alle Burgen".

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  2. ↑ List of monuments for Malching (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 134 kB)
  3. ^ Location of the Burgstall in the Bavarian Monument Atlas
  4. ↑ Source description: Johannes Pätzold: The prehistoric and early historical terrain monuments of Lower Bavaria , p. 248