Busdorf Church

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Busdorf Church
View of the three towers from the cloister
Busdorf Church (interior view)

The Busdorfkirche is a church in Paderborn that was modeled on the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem . Busdorf Abbey was a collegiate monastery founded in Paderborn in 1036 . The monastery and church were originally outside the city, but were opened in the 11th and 12th centuries. Century included in the course of the city expansion.

history

Who in 1009 for Bishop of Paderborn raised My work tried actively to strengthening the impoverished state of him in the diocese acquired and invested this much of his personal fortune. So he had the Paderborn Cathedral , newly consecrated in 1015, restored and in 1014 he founded the Abdinghof Monastery in Paderborn. Around 1033, Bishop Meinwerk sent Abbot Wino von Helmarshausen to Jerusalem with the task of taking the dimensions of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, which was destroyed in 1009, and the Holy Sepulcher. According to Wino, the so-called Jerusalem Church was built on the Busdorf in Paderborn , for which the abbreviation Jerusalem later became established . Bishop Meinwerk had it built for the collegiate monastery he founded and consecrated it in 1036 shortly before his death, before its completion, in the presence of Emperor Conrad II. The monastery was consecrated to the apostles Peter and Andreas . It was endowed with ample possessions and tithe rights . The first abbot was Wino von Helmarshausen. The area surrounding the Busdorfstift was an area of ​​immunity, in which - as in the cathedral freedom - the municipal jurisdiction did not apply. The monastery also took over the parish for the Busdorf, the eponymous settlement area east of the city wall. According to the vita of Bishop Meinwerk , the location is explained by his efforts to surround the cathedral with a cross of churches in all four directions.

During the Reformation , the monastery remained Catholic , despite the fact that some Busdorf pastors turned to Lutheran teaching. In the course of secularization 1803–1806 the monastery was dissolved; the church became a parish church.

Busdorf certificate

There is a report in the Vita Meinwerci about the establishment of the Busdorf monastery on May 25, 1036 as well as the endowment with ownership and tithe rights . In addition, there is a copy of a document from the year 1416 that was available to the author of the Vita Meinwerci in the Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen, Westphalia department . This document is more reliable in the spelling of the place names, many of which are mentioned for the first time in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe region .

In the deed, 19 manors and a number of outbuildings are named for each . There are a total of 72 Vorwerk:

  1. Enenhus today desolate near Paderborn with 13 Vorwerk, u. a. Kohlstädt .
  2. Sudheim ( Suthem ) near Lichtenau with 4 outbuildings .
  3. Neuhaus ( Nyenhus ) in today's Paderborn with 4 outworks .
  4. Neuenbeken ( Bekena ) in today's Paderborn with 4 outworks .
  5. Niederbarkhausen ( Barchusen super synatha = Barkhausen over the Senne ) with the suburbs Oerlinghausen , Borgsen in today's Brackwede , Eckendorf in today's Leopoldshöhe , Heepen and Menkhausen in today's Oerlinghausen.
  6. Bexten ( Bekeseten ) in today's Bad Salzuflen with the 3 outworks Heerse, Hündersen and Ekama .
  7. Heiligenkirchen ( Heligenkerken ) in what is now Detmold with the 2 outworks Hornoldendorf and Beerentrup .
  8. Lügde ( Lugete ) with the 2 outbuildings Dadenbroke and Breca (both desolate).
  9. Heinsen ( Hegenhusen ) near Holzminden with 4 outbuildings.
  10. Oeynhausen ( Ogenhusen ) near Nieheim with 6 outworks, u. a. Herrentrup .
  11. Nieheim ( Nyhem ) with 4 outbuildings .
  12. Manufacture ( manufacture ) on the Weser with 2 outworks.
  13. Daseburg ( Dasburg ) near Warburg with 2 outbuildings.
  14. Warburg ( Wartberg ) with 3 outworks.
  15. Külte ( Culete ) near Warburg / Volkmarsen with 3 outworks.
  16. Hardehausen ( Herswithehusen ) with 3 outbuildings.
  17. Korbach ( Curbeke ) with 4 outbuildings .
  18. Vilese today desolate in Salzkotten with Vorwerk.
  19. Esbeck ( Ebike ) in today's Lippstadt without Vorwerk.

Busdorf Church

architecture

Baroque portal
Romanesque cloister

Little has been preserved of the original church, an octagonal central building with four cross-shaped wings based on the model of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem . It is an important example of a religiously motivated architectural copy in the Middle Ages and testifies to the cult around the holy sites of Jerusalem in the time before the Crusades. The building was a little east of today's church: its entrance hall and the two round towers that once flanked the west facade form the choir of the current building. The foundation building was expanded to include a basilica between 1060 and 1071 ; the central building was largely canceled. The church was destroyed by fire in 1289 and rebuilt as a hall church at the turn of the 14th century ; the three-aisled nave that exists today comes from this building era. The main portal in the west was built around 1400. The expansion of the west tower and the side aisle took place in the late Gothic period . The lower part of the large tower in the west dates from the 12th century, the third floor and the gable are from the Gothic; the tower was rebuilt in its current form in 1629 with the current roof finish. The vestibule with the baroque portal was built in 1667 by Ambrosius von Oelde during the tenure of Bishop Ferdinand von Fürstenberg . Damage sustained during World War II was remedied in 1953 with a redesign of the interior. In 1984 the light gray painting in the nave that was made after the Second World War was replaced by the original color scheme. Next to the building is a Romanesque cloister from around 1180, the so-called Pürting (Westphalian, derived from Latin porticus , vestibule). Grooves on the column shafts and on the south portal are understood as traces of a medieval sword-sharpening custom.

Interior

In the three-aisled hall there are several sights: a seven-armed chandelier, a wooden crucifix from around 1228 , a late Gothic tabernacle and a baptismal font from the same period, as well as epitaphs from the 15th to 18th centuries.

Bishop Meinwerk died on June 5, 1036 and was buried in the chapel of the Abdinghof monastery. When the monastery was closed in 1810, the sarcophagus was moved to the Busdorf Church. There he is today in the high choir ; However, some bones were removed in 1936 and buried in the cathedral's crypt , where they are in the bishop's crypt under the sarcophagus lid with the figure of Meinwerk. The sarcophagus in the Busdorf Church has had a simple lid since then.

Bells

The Busdorf Church has a three-part bronze bell with two historical bells:

  • Bell I, tone h ° + 6, weight 2,400 kg, cast in 1974 by Petit & Edelbrock in Gescher.
  • Bell II, tone d '+ 6, weight 1,400 kg, cast by Nicolaus Gomon in 1630.
  • Bell III, tone e '+ 6, weight 930 kg, cast by Nicolaus Gomon in 1630.

The bell is currently (as of 09.2014) due to tower damage, an interior renovation of the tower is already planned.

Todays use

From 1817 to 1863 the Busdorf Church was the parish church of the evangelical parish in Paderborn, which had existed since 1802 . Since 1998 it has belonged to the Catholic inner-city parish of St. Liborius. In addition to holy masses in the ordinary form, there are also regular masses in the extraordinary form (so-called Tridentine masses ).

See also

literature

  • Rudolf Wesenberg: Wino von Helmarshausen and the cross-shaped octagon . In: Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte , 12 vol., No. 1 (1949), pp. 30–40
  • Josef Prinz (ed.): The documents of the Busdorf monastery in Paderborn. Paderborn 1972
  • Michael Drewniok: The Busdorfstift in Paderborn - economic history of a Westphalian collegiate foundation in the Middle Ages. Historical work on Westphalian regional research, Volume 19, ed. from the Historical Commission for Westphalia, 1993, ISBN 978-3-402-06781-9
  • Roland Linde: Courtyards and families in Westphalia and Lippe. Volume 1: The Amtsmeierhof Asemissen and the Amt Barkhausen. Books on Demand, 2002; ISBN 3-8311-3666-1 , ISBN 978-3-8311-3666-7 ; P. 18

Web links

Commons : Busdorfkirche in Paderborn  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Roland Linde: Episcopal main courtyards and outbuildings in Lippe , in Lippe's home country, February 2011
  2. ↑ Roland Linde: Courtyards and families in Westphalia and Lippe, The Asemissen District Meierhof and the Barkhausen Office. A court and family history from the Lippisch-Ravensberg border area , Books on Demand, 2002 , ISBN 3831136661 , ISBN 9783831136667 , pp. 19-22
  3. ↑ Cf. Vita Meinwerci , pp. 129–130 in the text edition by Franz Tenckhoff: The life of the bishop Meinwerk of Paderborn . Hanover, 1921. Digitized: pages 129 and 130
  4. ↑ https://katholisch-in-paderborn.de/gemeindeleben/st-liborius/gottesdienste/ and https://judica-me.de/

Coordinates: 51 ° 43 ′ 7.8 "  N , 8 ° 45 ′ 38.4"  E