Colin Turnbull
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Colin Macmillan Turnbull (born November 23, 1924 in the London borough of Harrow , England , † July 28, 1994 in Kilmarnock , Virginia ) was a British-American anthropologist . He gained greater fame through his books The Forest People (about the Mbuti - Pygmies of the former Zaire ) and The Mountain People (about the Ik people from Uganda ).
He also dealt with music ethnology . Turnbull was considered one of the most famous intellectuals of the 1960s and 1970s.
Life
Turnbull was born in the London borough of Harrow . His parents were Helen Dorothy Wellesley Chapman (1894–1977) and John Rutherford Turnbull (1884–1975). He went to Westminster School and studied at Magdalen College , Oxford . During the Second World War he served in the Royal Navy from 1942 to 1946 . He then graduated from Oxford. He then moved to India to live in the ashram of Guru Anandamayi Ma . There he studied Indian religion and philosophy. Turnbull met his future companion Newton Beal in India.
After graduating, he traveled in 1951 with Newton Beal in the Ituri Rainforest of the then Belgian Congo (now the Democratic Republic of Congo ) to the camp of Patrick Putnam and Anne Eisner Putnam , the Mbuti - Pygmies to study. He stayed there until 1952 .
During this time he also worked as a casual worker for the Hollywood producer Sam Spiegel in Africa. Turnbull was responsible for building the boat "African Queen" for the film of the same name, African Queen . Actors Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn were also involved in the film.
After his first trip to Africa, Turnbull came to Yellowknife in northwest Canada in 1953 to work as a gold digger for a short time .
To continue studying, he went back to Oxford University in 1954 . There he completed the courses in social anthropology (1956) and literature (1957). During this time he became engaged to the Indian Kumari Mayor.
In 1954 and 1957 he traveled again to the pygmies in Africa.
From 1959 to 1969 he was curator of African ethnology at the American Museum of Natural History in the USA . 1959 ended the relationship with Kumari Mayor.
In 1961 he published his book The Forest People . In 1964 he received his PhD in anthropology from Oxford.
Turnbull became an American citizen in 1965 .
After working at the museum, he taught anthropology at Hofstra University ( New York State ) from 1969 to 1972.
He then taught the subject at Virginia Commonwealth University (1972 to 1975) and at George Washington University ( Washington, DC ) from 1976 to 1983 . He was also employed at other universities.
In 1972 he published his book The Mountain People . The work is about the Ik people, who were forced to settle in Uganda by modern demarcations between Uganda , Kenya and Sudan .
He was also involved in the Royal Museum for Central Africa . He was also a member of the British Royal Anthropological Institute . ( Source? )
Turnbull later worked with Peter Brook on a theatrical version of the book The Forest People .
Joseph Towles
Joseph Allen Towles was born in Senora , Virginia on August 17, 1937 , and was an African-American . His parents were Arcellius Towles († 1959) and Lucy Blair († 1991). Towles went to school in Virginia and graduated from high school in 1957 . Towles moved that same year to New York City to pursue a career as an actor and author desirable. There he met Turnbull in 1959 , and married him the following year. Both lived in a homosexual , intercultural marriage until Towels death .
Towles came into anthropology while volunteering with Turnbull in the anthropology department of the American Museum of Natural History . From 1965 to 1967 he helped with the "Man in Africa Hall" permanent exhibition (which was later renamed the "Hall of African Peoples"). He also created the Slavery in the New World section of the museum.
In 1963 he went to Pace College to study history and anthropology . He graduated in 1968.
From 1965 to 1967, Turnbull and Towles worked together in Africa to study the Ik of northern Uganda . In 1970 they investigated the Nkumbi regarding their circumcision rite for boys and the Asa myth, which has its origins with the Mbo of the Ituri rainforest .
In 1979 they both went on a world tour as pilgrims . Towell turned to the Bible and writing plays and novels . Towell was furious at Turnbull's 1983 autobiography The Human Cycle , in which references to their relationship were omitted. Towell died on December 19, 1988 of complications from an AIDS disease.
Turnbull published Towles' research reports posthumously . It was published in 1993 in Nkumbi initiation ritual and structure among the Mbo of Zaïre and Asa: Myth of Origin of the Blood Brotherhood Among the Mbo of the Ituri Forest in the annals of the Royal Museum for Central Africa based in Tervuren in Belgium , volume 137.
Later years
In 1978 Turnbull took on the causes of the death penalty . After his partner Towles died, he donated his own and Towels' research materials to the College of Charleston ( South Carolina ). In 1989 he donated all of his money and possessions to the United Negro College Fund .
In 1989 Turnbull moved to Bloomington , Indiana to help build a Tibetan cultural center with his friend Thubten Jigme Norbu (older brother of the 14th Dalai Lama ). He later moved to Dharamsala in India to pursue Tibetan Buddhism as a monk . He received his monk oath from the Dalai Lama . His monk name was Lobsang Rigdol .
In 1994 he died of complications from AIDS in Kilmarnock , Lancaster County . The cause of death was a pneumonia specified.
Publications
- 1961 The Forest People . ISBN 0-586-05940-7
- 1962 The Lonely African . ISBN 0-671-20069-0
- 1962 The Peoples of Africa .
- 1965 The Mbuti Pygmies: An Ethnographic Survey in Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History , 50, pp. 139-282
- 1965 Wayward Servants; The Two Worlds of the African Pygmies . ISBN 0-8371-7927-0
- 1966 Tradition and Change in African Tribal Life .
- 1968 Tibet: Its History, Religion and People . (with Thubten Jigme Norbu ). ISBN 0-7011-1354-5
- 1972 The Mountain People . ISBN 0-671-64098-4
- 1973 Africa and Change editor. ISBN 0-394-31520-0
- 1976 Man in Africa . ISBN 0-14-022035-6
- 1978 Rethinking the Ik: A functional Non-Social System. In: Charles D. Laughlin, Jr., Ivan A. Brady (Eds.): Extinction and Survival in Human Populations . Columbia University Press, New York
- 1983 The Human Cycle . ISBN 0-586-08493-2
- 1983 The Mbuti Pygmies: Change and Adaptation . ISBN 0-03-061537-2
- 1992 Music of the Rain Forest Pygmies: The Historic Recordings Made By Colin M. Turnbull Label: Lyrichord Discs Inc.
See also
- Simha Arom , studied the pygmy cultures
literature
- Roy Richard Grinker: In the Arms of Africa: The Life of Colin M. Turnbull . University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2001, ISBN 0-226-30904-5
Web links
- Official website of the biography
- Inventory of the Joseph A. Towles Papers, circa 1920s - 2009 from the College of Charleston
- Presentation of the first chapter of the autobiography; by RR Grinkler
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h https://www. britica.com/biography/Colin-Macmillan-Turnbull.Retrieved March 19, 2017
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04f9r4m
- ↑ a b c d e f http://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/01/obituaries/colin-m-turnbull-69-anthropologist-and-author.html Retrieved March 19, 2017
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa from http://avery.cofc.edu/archives/Towles_Joseph_A.html Retrieved March 19, 2017
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u http://www.colinturnbull.com/chronology.html Retrieved March 19, 2017
- ↑ http://openlibrary.org/b/OL839785M/Nkumbi_initiation.Retrieved March 20, 2017
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Turnbull, Colin |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Turnbull, Colin Macmillan |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British-American anthropologist and non-fiction author |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 23, 1924 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | London |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 28, 1994 |
| Place of death | Kilmarnock |