Cunard Line
| Cunard | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Owner / user | Carnival plc.
|
| owner | Carnival Corporation & plc |
| Introductory year | 1879 (via company name Cunard Steamship Company, Ltd. ) |
| Products | Cruises |
| Markets | Europe, especially the United Kingdom |
| Website | www.cunard.de |
Cunard or Cunard Line is a brand of the British - American cruise company Carnival Corporation & plc for cruises in the English - speaking European market.
The brand name goes back to the former British shipping company Cunard Line , which was founded in 1839 as the British and North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Company and initially operated a liner service from Liverpool to Boston and Halifax . As the leading competitor for the Blue Ribbon , its technically advanced steamers made it very well known and highly regarded. From 1879 under the name Cunard Steamship Company, Ltd. she grew into one of the largest transatlantic shipping companies. At the urging of the British government, it merged with the previously competing White Star Line to form Cunard-White Star, Ltd. , but returned to the old name in 1950. With the increase in air traffic, the liner service with ships became increasingly unprofitable in the 1960s. The 1962 on Cunard Line Ltd. The renamed company was taken over in 1971 by the conglomerate Trafalgar House , which after heavy losses in the 1990s was finally bought up and broken up by the Norwegian Kværner in 1996. The cruise business went under the name Cunard Line to Carnival Corporation two years later .
Today the British subgroup Carnival plc. under the brand the three ships registered in Bermuda since 2011 : Queen Mary 2 , Queen Elizabeth and Queen Victoria .
history
Early years (1840–1879)
In May 1839, the Canadian businessman Samuel Cunard founded the British & North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Company together with a group of well-funded shipowners and merchants, such as George Burns, David McIver and James Donaldson , the company became popularly known as the Cunard Line . The young company had received a contract from the British Admiralty to send mail overseas. Cunard committed to 14-day trips in the summer months and 4-weekly trips in the winter between Liverpool and Boston , Halifax and Québec , for which Cunard received £ 81,000 annually. The ships of the Cunard shipping company could be recognized by a red funnel with a black cap, in 1850 two narrow black rings were added, although this pattern has not changed until today, although this pattern was partially varied on the later passenger ships.
In 1840 the first ships of the line launched, the Britannia , Acadia , Caledonia and Columbia , all but the latter began operating in the same year. They were designed by Robert Napier , who primarily built the ship's engines and the most important advisor for the entire project. This was the beginning of global passenger and cargo shipping by steamships on a large scale. Britannia and Caledonia were also the company's first ships to win the Blue Ribbon for the fastest crossing of the Atlantic. In 1843 the Columbia ran aground near Cape Sable ( Nova Scotia ), a heavy loss for the shipping company. In the same year, the newly commissioned Hibernia set another record, followed by the sister ship Cambria in 1845 . Six more newbuildings and new records followed by 1850, and the Cunard Line ruled the North Atlantic.
In 1850 the Blue Ribbon was lost to the US shipping company Collins Line . Cunard tried to keep up, but failed. The reason was that the Cunard Line still had to build wooden ships while the competition relied on iron. It was not until 1855 that the British Admiralty changed its views on the iron ship , not least due to the impact of the Crimean War and extremely shrunken forests on the British Isles with the resulting shortage of wood. In 1857, Cunard's first iron steamer Persia recaptured the Blue Ribbon . In 1862, the new Scotia , Cunard's last paddle steamer, set another record.
In 1869, the City of Brussels won the Blue Ribbon for the Inman Line , in 1870 the first record ships of the new White Star Line followed , and the successful National Line made life difficult for the Cunard Line, and they fell behind again. The founder Samuel Cunard , who was ennobled for his services, was spared the downfall, he died in 1865. The British Admiralty reduced the subsidy to 70,000 pounds per year and at the same time transferred the Canadian mail transport to the Inman Line, in the emigration transport the competition was also more successful .
Cunard Steamship Company Ltd. (1879–1934)
In 1879 the financial collapse occurred and the shipping company was renamed the Cunard Steamship Company Ltd. converted into a stock corporation. Cunard put several new ships into service, such as the Bothnia and Scythia (4557 GRT each) in 1874 and 1875 , as well as the Gallia (4809 GRT), Servia (7392 GRT, the shipping company's first steel steamer) and the Aurania (in 1879, 1881 and 1882 ) 7629 GRT). All were planned as record breakers, but none of them could bring back the Blue Ribbon for Cunard. In 1884 Cunard bought the Oregon of the Guion Line , which had run into financial difficulties , so that after 20 years Cunard had another blue ribbon hit, in 1885 further record ships followed with the RMS Etruria and RMS Umbria (each 7718 GRT).
A short interlude with Inman Line and White Star Line followed between 1888 and 1892 , but in 1893 the new liners Campania and Lucania recaptured the Blue Ribbon. At 12,950 GRT, both were the largest passenger ships in the world at the time and epitomizes luxury and comfort. Cunard's top position seemed unchallenged, Inman, Guion and National were beaten and White Star refused to stand up. Completely unexpectedly, new competitors appeared with the German shipping companies Norddeutscher Lloyd and Hapag / HAL with record ships built in German shipyards. To the chagrin of the British, the Germans dominated the North Atlantic for ten years.
In 1901 the American banker John Pierpont Morgan began to buy up one shipping company after the other and, if it had been up to him, the Cunard Line as well. But the British didn't even think about being bought up. Cunard put pressure on Parliament to approve a $ 11.7 million loan and $ 732,000 in annual subsidies to build new ships. The culmination of this construction program were the two sister ships RMS Lusitania and RMS Mauretania , which began operations in 1907. At 31,938 GRT, these were the largest ships in the world at the time and, with more than 26 knots, also the fastest; the Germans were defeated. The Mauretania held the Blue Ribbon for the next 22 years, a record to date.
In 1911 the Cunard Line bought up some British shipping companies, the Anchor Line , Brocklebank Line and the passenger service of the Thomson Line , and the Port Line followed in 1916 . Cunard had become one of the world's largest shipping groups with liner services to North America (Cunard / Anchor), India (Brocklebank / Anchor) and Australia (Port Line).
The First World War , which broke out in 1914 , also caused heavy losses of men and ships on the Cunard Line, including the torpedoing of the Lusitania by a German submarine. The Lusitania disaster claimed 1,198 lives, including many Americans, which ultimately led the United States to enter the war. Reconstruction began immediately after the war, and by the mid-1920s the company was back in a leading position. In 1928 the Mauretania lost the Blue Ribbon to the liner Bremen of the North German Lloyd. Cunard countered and immediately commissioned a new record-breaker, but the onset of the global economic crisis put the project into question. The shipping company ran out of money and construction was slow. The UK Treasury stepped in and backed the project with £ 4.5 million on the condition that Cunard and White Star merge.
Cunard-White Star Line (1934-1949)
In 1934 the merger was completed and Cunard-White Star was created. In 1936 the new liner, the Queen Mary , with 80,774 GRT, was the largest ship in the world at the time. The Queen Mary then set a new record and won the Blue Ribbon. In 1940, the Queen Elizabeth was followed by an even larger ship; With 83,673 GRT, she remained the largest passenger ship in the world until 1996.
During the Second World War , the shipping company lost four passenger ships and several freighters, but with the two passenger ships Lancastria and Laconia more than 2000 people lost their lives each. The two 80,000-tonne vessels Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth survived the war unscathed, and from 1948 the two ships were in weekly liner service across the Atlantic. Other newbuildings followed, with the Caronia , which was put into service in 1949, the shipping company's first ship that was primarily planned for cruises. In 1947 Cunard bought the remaining White Star shares and renamed itself again in 1949 as Cunard Steamship Company Ltd. around.
Post-war years and emerging air traffic (1949–1971)
In 1952 the Queen Mary lost the Blue Ribbon to the United States of the United States Lines , but Cunard no longer countered. The situation in the North Atlantic began to change fundamentally. The airplane made itself more and more uncomfortable. In order to take part in transatlantic air traffic, the company took over British Eagle Airways in 1960 , which was then renamed Cunard Eagle Airways . In addition, the airline BOAC-Cunard was founded two years later in cooperation with the state-owned British Overseas Airways Corporation .
In the 1960s, Cunard's transatlantic services began to decline as the aircraft gained the upper hand in passenger and mail traffic across the Atlantic. The two queens only made losses and had to be withdrawn from circulation, the Queen Mary in 1967 and the Queen Elizabeth in 1968 . The Queen Elizabeth 2 , put into service in 1968 , the last Cunard ship from a British shipyard, heralded a new era. The QE2 , as it is affectionately called, was not only intended for liner service, but also for cruises, and the tonnage was designed so that it could pass the Panama and Suez Canal . The shipping company sought salvation in the cruise business after the liner services were discontinued at the beginning of the 1970s.
Trafalgar House Investments (1971–1998)
In 1971 the Cunard Line Ltd. , as the shipping company has been officially called since 1962, was bought up by the British industrial group Trafalgar House Investments. In 1987 the freight division of Cunard Line was transferred to Ellerman Lines , which also belonged to the Trafalgar House group .
Trafalgar House bought various cruise lines for Cunard, such as Norske Amerikalinje AS (NAL) in 1983 , Norske Cruise AS in 1986 and Royal Viking Line AS (RVL) in 1993 . At the beginning of the 1990s, the Cunard fleet looked mixed up.
Carnival Corporation (since 1998)
In 1998 Trafalgar House was bought and broken up by the Norwegian Kværner Group. In the same year, 97 years after the attempted takeover by JP Morgan, Cunard came under the umbrella of a US company. The Carnival Corporation became the new owner . With the purchase price of 425 million US dollars for the share package acquired in 1998 (over 68% in Cunard) and another 205 million US dollars in the following year for the complete takeover, Carnival was dissatisfied and filed a lawsuit against Kværner with the Accusation that the condition of the ships handed over is much worse than stated when the contract was concluded. The corporations finally agreed on a $ 50 million repayment to Carnival.
In 2003, the American Carnival Corporation formed the world market leader Carnival Corporation & plc with P&O Princess Cruises, which had emerged from the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company , and reorganized its subsidiaries and cruise brands. Since then, the Cunard brand has been the responsibility of the British division Carnival plc . With the Queen Mary 2 , which went into service in 2004 , the first new building under the Cunard name for 28 years, Cunard took the place of a premium brand in the Carnival Group.
Since the end of 2011, the three ships of the brand are no longer registered in Southampton, but in Hamilton and have accordingly been flagged from Great Britain to the overseas territory of Bermuda . Another ship was ordered from Fincantieri in autumn 2017 . Commissioning is planned for 2022 . The ship is said to be measured at 113,000 GT.
Ships
Passenger ships (transatlantic and cruise service)
| year | Surname | tonnage | shipyard | Status / fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1840 | Britannia | 1156 GRT | R. Duncan & Co., Glasgow | Sold to the German Imperial Fleet in 1849 |
| 1840 | Acadia | 1156 GRT | J. Wood & Co., Glasgow | Sold to the German Imperial Fleet in 1849 |
| 1840 | Caledonia | 1156 GRT | Smith & Rodgers, Glasgow | Sold to Spanish Navy in 1850 |
| 1840 | Columbia | 1156 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Stranded near Seal Island (Halifax / Canada) in 1843 |
| 1843 | Hibernia | 1422 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Sold to Spanish Navy in 1850 |
| 1845 | Cambria | 1422 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Sold to Italy in 1860 |
| 1848 | America | 1834 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Sold in 1866 and converted into a sailing ship |
| 1848 | Canada | 1834 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Sold to Portugal in 1867 and converted into a sailing ship |
| 1848 | Niagara | 1834 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Sold in 1866 and converted into a sailing ship |
| 1848 | Europe | 1834 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Sold in 1867 and converted into a sailing ship |
| 1850 | Asia (I) | 2226 GRT | R. Napier & Sons, Glasgow | Sold in 1867 |
| 1850 | Africa | 2226 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Sold in 1868 |
| 1853 | Arabia (I) | 2402 GRT | R. Steele & Co., Greenock | Sold in 1864 |
| 1856 | Persia | 3300 GRT | R. Napier & Sons, Glasgow | Sold in 1868 and converted into a sailing ship |
| 1859 ( 1856 ) | Calabria | 2902 GRT | J. & G. Thomson Ltd., Glasgow | 1856: Australasian for E&A / 1859 Cunard / sold in 1876 |
| 1862 | Scotia (I) | 3871 GRT | R. Napier & Sons, Glasgow | Sold in 1878 and converted into a cable layer |
| 1862 | China | 2638 GRT | R. Napier & Sons, Glasgow | Sold in 1880 to Spain in Magellanes renamed |
| 1865 | Java | 2696 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | 1878 Red Star Line sold in Zeeland renamed |
| 1867 | Russia | 2960 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | 1880 Red Star Line sold in Waesland renamed |
| 1867 | Siberia | 2574 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Sold in 1880 to Spain in Manila renamed |
| 1868 | Samaria (I) | 2574 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1902 and sold for demolition |
| 1870 | Abyssinia | 3376 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Trade-in for a new building in 1880 |
| 1870 | Algeria | 3428 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Sold to the Red Star Line in 1882 and renamed Pennland (I) |
| 1870 | Parthia | 3167 GRT | W. Denny & Bros., Dumbarton | Trade-in for a new building in 1884 |
| 1870 | Batavia | 2553 GRT | W. Denny & Bros., Dumbarton | Trade-in for a new building in 1884 |
| 1874 | Bothnia (I) | 4557 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1898 and sold for demolition |
| 1875 | Scythia (I) | 4557 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1898 and sold for demolition |
| 1879 | Gallia | 4809 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Sold to Beaver Line in 1897 |
| 1881 | Servia (I) | 7391 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | 1901 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1881 | Catalonia | 5588 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1901 and sold for demolition |
| 1882 | Cephalonia | 5588 GRT | Laird Bros. & Co., Greenock | Sold in 1900 and in Halior renamed |
| 1882 | Pavonia | 5588 GRT | J. & G. Thomson & Co., Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1900 and sold for demolition |
| 1883 | Aurania (I) | 7269 GRT | J. & G. Thomson, Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1905 and sold for demolition |
| 1884 | Oregon | 7,324 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1884: for Guion Line / 1884 to Cunard / 1886 sunk |
| 1885 | Etruria | 7718 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1909 and sold for demolition |
| 1885 | Umbria | 7718 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1910 and sold for demolition |
| 1892 | Campania | 12,950 GRT | Fairfield SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1914 to the Royal Navy and conversion to an aircraft carrier |
| 1893 | Lucania | 12952 GRT | Fairfield SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Burned out and scrapped in Liverpool in 1909 |
| 1898 | Ultonia | 10,402 GRT | CS Swan & Hunter Ltd., Newcastle | 1917 torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic by U 53 |
| 1900 | Ivernia | 14,281 GRT | CS Swan & Hunter Ltd., Newcastle | 1917 torpedoed and sunk near Greece by UB 47 (121 dead) |
| 1900 | Saxonia | 14,281 GRT | J. Brown & Co., Clydebank | Decommissioned in 1925 and sold for demolition |
| 1902 | Carpathia | 13,603 GRT | CS Swan & Hunter Ltd., Newcastle | 1912 rescue of the Titanic survivors / torpedoed and sunk in 1918 |
| 1903 | Slavonia | 10 606 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sunk in the Azores in 1909 |
| 1904 | Pannonia | 10 606 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Decommissioned in 1922 and sold for demolition |
| 1905 | Carmania (I) | 19687 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Decommissioned in 1932 and sold for demolition |
| 1905 | Caronia | 19687 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Decommissioned in 1932 and sold for demolition |
| 1907 | Lusitania | 31550 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | 1915 near Kinsale (Ireland) torpedoed and sunk by U 20 (1198 dead) |
| 1907 | Mauretania (I) | 31,938 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | Decommissioned in 1935 and sold for demolition |
| 1911 | Ascania (I) | 9111 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | Sunk at Kap Race (Canada) in 1918 |
| 1911 | Franconia | 18150 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | 1916 torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean by UB 47 |
| 1911 ( 1900 ) | Albania (I) | 7640 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | 1900: Cairnrona for Cairn Line / 1911 Cunard / sold in 1912 |
| 1911 ( 1909 ) | Ausonia (I) | 7907 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | 1909: Tortona for Thomson Line / 1911 Cunard / 1918 sunk |
| 1912 | Laconia | 18150 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | 1917 torpedoed and sunk by U 50 near Fastnet Rock off Ireland |
| 1913 | Alaunia | 13,405 GRT | Scotts SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Greenock | Sunk in 1916 after being hit by a mine |
| 1913 | Andania | 13,405 GRT | Scotts SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Greenock | 1918 torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel by U 46 |
| 1914 | Aquitania | 45647 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Decommissioned in 1950 and sold for demolition |
| 1914 ( 1914 ) | Orduna | 15,499 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1914 to Pacific Steam Navigation Company / 1914 to Cunard / 1921 to Royal Mail Line |
| 1916 | Aurania | 13936 GRT | Swan & Hunter, Wallsend | 1918 torpedoed off Scotland by UB 67 and sunk |
| 1916 (1891) | Feltria | 5324 GRT | W. Denny & Bros. Ltd., Dumbarton | 1891 for British India / 1916 to Cunard / 1917 torpedoed and sunk |
| 1916 (1902) | Flavia | 9284 GRT | Palmer Bros. & Co. Ltd., Yarrow | 1902 for Uranium Line / 1916 to Cunard / 1918 torpedoed and sunk |
| 1916 (1907) | Folia | 6560 GRT | Sir J. Laing & Co. Ltd., Sunderland | 1907 for Lloyd Sabaudo / 1916 to Cunard / 1917 torpedoed and sunk |
| 1920 (1913) | Berengaria | 52226 GRT | Blohm & Voss AG, Hamburg | 1913 Imperator for Hapag / 1920 to Cunard / 1938 scrapped after fire damage |
| 1921 | Albania (II) | 12,768 GRT | Scotts SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Greenock | 1930 sold to Libera Triestina SpA and in California renamed |
| 1921 | Scythia | 20 277 GRT | Vickers-Armstrong Ltd., Barrows | Decommissioned in 1958 and sold for demolition |
| 1921 | Laconia | 19680 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Wallsend | Torpedoed and sunk at Ascension in 1942 (1,658 dead) |
| 1922 | Samaria | 19602 GRT | Cammell Laird & Co. Ltd., Birkenhead | Decommissioned in 1955 and sold for demolition |
| 1922 | Andania | 14040 GRT | Hawthorn, Leslie & Co. Ltd., Newcastle | In 1940 torpedoed and sunk near Reykjavík |
| 1922 | Ausonia | 14040 GRT | Vickers-Armstrong Ltd., Newcastle | Sold to the Royal Navy in 1942 and converted into a workshop ship |
| 1922 | Antonia | 14040 GRT | Vickers-Armstrong Ltd., Newcastle | Sold to the Royal Navy in 1942 and converted into a workshop ship |
| 1923 | Franconia | 20 277 GRT | J. Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Decommissioned in 1956 and sold for demolition |
| 1924 | Carinthia | 20 277 GRT | Vickers-Armstrong Ltd., Barrows | 1924: Servia (II) / 1940 near Ireland torpedoed by U 46 and sunk |
| 1924 | Aurania | 14040 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | Sold to the Royal Navy in 1942 and converted into a workshop ship |
| 1925 | Ascania | 14040 GRT | Swan, Hunter & Wigham Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | Decommissioned in 1957 and sold for demolition |
| 1925 | Alaunia | 14040 GRT | J. Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sold to the Royal Navy in 1944 and converted into a workshop ship |
| 1924 | Lancastria | 16,243 GRT | William Beardmore & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1940 sunk near St. Nazaire by German bombers (2000-5000 dead?) |
| 1936 | Queen Mary | 80,774 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | 1967 sold to the city of Long Beach, California and used as a hotel ship |
| 1939 | Mauretania | 35,738 GRT | Cammell Laird Ltd., Birkenhead | Decommissioned in 1965 and sold for demolition |
| 1940 | Queen Elizabeth | 83673 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | 1970 sold to CY Tung / burnt out and capsized in 1972 during renovation work |
| 1948 | Parthia (II) | 13,362 GRT | Harland & Wolff Ltd., Belfast | 1961 to New Zealand Ship. Co. Ltd. sold in Remuera renamed |
| 1948 | Media (I) | 13,362 GRT | Harland & Wolff Ltd., Belfast | 1961 Cogedar sold SpA and Flavia renamed |
| 1949 | Caronia | 34,274 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sold in 1968, scrapped in 1974 |
| 1954 | Saxonia (II) | 21,989 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | 1963 Carmania (II) / 1973 sold to the Soviet Union and renamed Leonid Sobinov , scrapped in 1999 |
| 1955 | Ivernia (II) | 21,989 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | 1963 Franconia (III) / 1973 sold to the Soviet Union and renamed Fedor Shalyapin , scrapped in 2004 |
| 1955 | Carinthia (III) | 21,989 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sold to Sitmar SpA in 1968 and renamed Fairland , scrapped in 2005/06 |
| 1957 | Sylvania (II) | 21,989 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sold to Sitmar SpA in 1968 and renamed Fairwind , scrapped in 2004 |
| 1968 | Queen Elizabeth 2 | 70327 GT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sold to Dubai in 2008, used as a hotel ship since 2018 |
| 1971 | Cunard Adventurer | 14 151 GRT | Rotterdamsche DD Mij. NV, Rotterdam | 1977 sold to Norwegian Cruise Line A / S and renamed Sunward II , scrapped in 2014 as Cora in Alang |
| 1972 | Cunard Ambassador | 14 151 GRT | Rotterdamsche DD Mij. NV, Rotterdam | Badly damaged by fire in 1974 and sold, scrapped in 1984 |
| 1975 | Cunard Countess | 17,495 GRT | Burmeister & Wain AS, Copenhagen | 2005 Lili Marleen - Holiday Cruises / 2007 Ocean Countess / Scrapped after 2013 fire in Aliaga in 2014 |
| 1976 | Cunard Conquest | 17,495 GRT | Burmeister & Wain AS, Copenhagen | 1977 Cunard Princess / 1998 sold to Royal Olympic Cruise Line SA, 1995 sold to MSC , Rhapsody , in service as Golden Iris at Mano Maritime |
| 1983 (1965) | Sagafjord | 24002 GRT | For. et Ch. de la Mediterranée, La Seyne | 1965 sold for NAL / 1983 to Cunard / 1996 and renamed Saga Rose , scrapped in 2010 |
| 1983 (1973) | Vistafjord | 24,292 GRT | Swan Hunter Shipbuilders Ltd., Newcastle | 1973 for NAL / 1983 to Cunard / 1998 Caronia (III) / 2005 and renamed Saga Ruby , scrapped in 2017 |
| 1986 (1984) | Sea Goddess I | 4253 GRT | Wärtsila AB, Helsinki | 1984 for Norske Cruise AS / 1986 to Cunard / 1998 to Seabourn Cruises |
| 1986 (1984) | Sea Goddess II | 4253 GRT | Wärtsila AB, Helsinki | 1984 for Norske Cruise AS / 1986 to Cunard / 1998 to Seabourn Cruises |
| 1993 (1988) | Royal Viking Sun | 37845 GT | Wärtsila AB, Helsinki | 1988 for RVL / 1993 to Cunard / 1998 to Seabourn Cruises / 2002 to Holland-America Line , renamed to Prinsendam / 2019 to Phoenix Reisen , renamed to Amera |
| 2004 | Queen Mary 2 | 148528 GT | Chantiers de l'Atlantique SA, St. Nazaire | In service |
| 2007 | Queen Victoria | 90,000 GT | Fincantieri SpA, Marghera | In service |
| 2010 | Queen Elizabeth | 90400 GT | Fincantieri SpA, Monfalcone | In service |
| 2022 (planned) | NN | 113,000 GT | Fincantieri SpA | m construction |
Cargo ships
| year | Surname | tonnage | shipyard | Status / fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1895 | Carinthia (I) | 5598 GRT | London & Glasgow Eng. & I. Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Stranded near Haiti in 1900 |
| 1895 | Sylvania (I) | 5598 GRT | London & Glasgow Eng. & I. Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1910 |
| 1897 | Tyria (I) | 2936 GRT | Workman, Clark & Co. Ltd., Belfast | Decommissioned in 1928 |
| 1898 | Pavia (I) | 2936 GRT | Workman, Clark & Co. Ltd., Belfast | 1928 out of service |
| 1898 | Cypria | 2936 GRT | Workman, Clark & Co. Ltd., Belfast | 1928 out of service |
| 1899 | Veria | 3299 GRT | A. & J. Inglis Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk in the Mediterranean in 1915 after being hit by a bomb |
| 1903 | Brescia (I) | 3255 GRT | Launched in 1929 / sold for demolition in 1931 | |
| 1909 | Phrygia (I) | 3352 GRT | R. Dixon & Co. Ltd., Middlesbrough | Sold in 1928 |
| 1909 ( 1895 ) | Thracia | 2891 GRT | Russell & Co. Ltd. , Port Glasgow | 1895: ex Orono / 1909 to Cunard / 1917 torpedoed and sunk |
| 1909 ( 1896 ) | Lycia (I) | 2891 GRT | Russell & Co. Ltd., Port Glasgow | 1896: ex Oceano / 1909 Cunard / 1917 captured and sunk |
| 1911 ( 1909 ) | Ausonia (I) | 7907 GRT | 1909: ex Tortona , Thomson Line / 1911 Cunard / torpedoed in 1918 | |
| 1911 | Caria | 3032 GRT | A. & J. Inglis Ltd., Glasgow | Torpedoed and sunk in 1915 |
| 1915 ( 1912 ) | Vandalia (I) | 7333 GRT | Caird & Co. Ltd., Greenock | 1912: ex Anglo-Californian / 1915 Cunard / torpedoed in 1918 |
| 1915 ( 1912 ) | Vinovia | 5503 GRT | Short Bros. & Co. Ltd., Sunderland | 1912: ex Anglo-Bolivian / 1915 Cunard / 1917 torpedoed |
| 1915 ( 1913 ) | Valeria | 5865 GRT | Lithgows Ltd., Port Glasgow | 1913: ex Den of Airlie / 1915 Cunard / 1918 burned out |
| 1915 ( 1913 ) | Volodia | 5689 GRT | Lithgows Ltd., Port Glasgow | 1913: ex Den of Ogil / 1915 Cunard / 1917 torpedoed |
| 1916 ( 1910 ) | Valacia (I) | 6526 GRT | Russell & Co. Ltd., Port Glasgow | 1910: ex Luceric , Andrew Weir / 1916 Cunard / 1931 out of service |
| 1918 | Vasconia (I) | 5680 GRT | Caird & Co. Ltd., Greenock | 1901: ex Valverda / 1918 Cunard / 1927 sold |
| 1918 | Vardulia (I) | 5691 GRT | Russell & Co. Ltd., Port Glasgow | 1917: ex Verdun / 1918 Cunard / 1929 to Donaldson Line |
| 1919 | Virgilia | 7889 GRT | Union Iron Works, San Francisco | 1918: ex War Rock / 1919 Cunard / 1937 sold |
| 1919 ( 1918 ) | Vultorno | 5764 GRT | Northwest Steel Co., Portland | 1918: ex War Viceroy / 1919 Cunard / sold in 1923 |
| 1919 ( 1918 ) | Vellavia | 5272 GRT | Armstrong, Whitworth & Co. Ltd., Newcastle | 1918: ex War Setter / 1919 Cunard / 1925 sold |
| 1919 ( 1918 ) | Vennonia | 5225 GRT | Caledon SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Dundee | 1918: ex War Carp / 1919 Cunard / 1923 sold |
| 1919 ( 1918 ) | Venusia | 5222 GRT | Harland & Wolff Ltd., Belfast | 1918: ex War Snake / 1919 Cunard / 1923 sold |
| 1919 ( 1918 ) | Verentia | 5185 GRT | Harland & Wolff Ltd., Belfast | 1918: ex War Lemur / 1919 Cunard / 1926 sold to Andrew Weir , Foreric |
| 1919 ( 1918 ) | Verbania | 5021 GRT | Harland & Wolff Ltd., Belfast | 1918: ex Trafalgar / 1919 Cunard / 1926 sold |
| 1919 ( 1918 ) | Vitellia | 4449 GRT | Earles SB Co. Ltd., Hull | 1918: ex War Pintail / 1919 Cunard / 1919 Anchor Line sold |
| 1919 ( 1918 ) | Vindelia | 4,340 GRT | W. Gray & Co. Ltd., West Hartlepool | 1918: ex War Wagtail / 1919 Cunard / 1924 sold |
| 1928 | Bothnia (II) | 2407 GRT | JL Thompson & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | Sold in 1956 |
| 1928 | Bactria | 2407 GRT | JL Thompson & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | Sold in 1954 |
| 1928 | Bantria | 2407 GRT | JL Thompson & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | 1954 sold to Costa Armatori , Giorgina Costa |
| 1928 | Bosnia | 2407 GRT | JL Thompson & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | Torpedoed and sunk in 1939 |
| 1945 | Brescia (II) | 3834 GRT | Consolidated Steel Corp., Wilmington | Sold in 1966 |
| 1946 ( 1943 ) | Vasconia (II) | 7058 GRT | Short Bros. & Co. Ltd., Sunderland | 1943: ex Empire Pendennis , MOWT / 1946 Cunard / 1950 to BSL , Fresno Star |
| 1946 ( 1943 ) | Valacia (II) | 7058 GRT | Harland & Wolff Ltd., Belfast | 1943: ex Empire Camp , MOWT / 1946 Cunard / 1950 to BCL , New York City |
| 1947 ( 1944 ) | Vandalia (II) | 6921 GRT | Barclay, Curle & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1944: ex Samfoyle , MOWT / 1947 Cunard / 1954 sold |
| 1947 ( 1941 ) | Vardulia (II) | 6237 GRT | C. Connell & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1941: ex Granville Stuart , MOWT / 1947 Cunard / 1954 sold |
| 1947 | Asia (II) | 8723 GRT | J. Laing & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | Sold in 1963 |
| 1950 | Assyria | 8530 GRT | Swan, Hunter Shipbuilders Ltd., Newcastle | Sold in 1963 |
| 1951 ( 1948 ) | Alsatia (II) | 7228 GRT | JL Thompson & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | 1948: ex Silverplane , Silver Line / 1951 Cunard / 1963 sold |
| 1951 ( 1949 ) | Andria (I) | 7228 GRT | JL Thompson & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | 1949: ex Silverbriar , Silver Line / 1951 Cunard / 1963 sold |
| 1953 | Pavia (II) | 3534 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1965 |
| 1954 | Lycia (II) | 3534 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1965 |
| 1955 | Phrygia (II) | 3534 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1965 |
| 1955 ( 1948 ) | Arabia (II) | 8720 GRT | J. Laing & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | 1948: ex Castillian , Ellerman Lines / 1955 Cunard / 1963 sold |
| 1955 | Tyria (II) | 5869 GRT | W. Doxford & Co. Ltd., Sunderland | Sold in 1959 |
| 1959 | Andania (III) | 7004 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1969 sold to Brocklebank Line , Macharda |
| 1960 | Alaunia (III) | 7004 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1969 to Brocklebank Line , Malancha |
| 1961 | Maronia | 20 259 GRT | Vickers-Armstrong Ltd., Newcastle | Sold in 1966 |
| 1963 | Media (II) | 7004 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1971 |
| 1963 | Parthia (III) | 5149 GRT | Caledon SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Dundee | Sold in 1971 |
| 1963 | Saxonia (III) | 5586 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1968 to Brocklebank Line , Mahronda |
| 1964 | Ivernia (III) | 5589 GRT | Swan, Hunter & W. Rich. Ltd., Newcastle | 1968 sold to Brocklebank Line , Manipur |
| 1964 | Samaria (III) | 16,682 GRT | Govan Shipbuilders Ltd., Govan | Sold to Harrison Line in 1969 , Scholar |
| 1964 | Scythia (III) | 5349 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold to Harrison Line in 1969 , merchant |
| 1966 ( 1956 ) | Assyria (II) | 7739 GRT | Barclay, Curle & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1956: ex Almerian , Ellerman Lines / 1966 Cunard / 1967: Asia (III) / 1969 sold |
| 1966 ( 1963 ) | Scotia (II) | 8063 GRT | C. Connell & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1963: ex Benarmin , Ben Line / 1966 Cunard / 1970 sold |
Reefer ships
| year | Surname | tonnage | shipyard | Status / fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1961 ( 1954 ) | Nordia | 3534 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1954: Maritime Cargo & Fruit Co. / 1961 Cunard / 1963 sold |
| 1974 ( 1973 ) | Andria (III) | 7689 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1973: ex Teesside Clipper , Maritime Fruit Carriers / 1974 Cunard / sold in 1981 |
| 1976 ( 1962 ) | Alsatia (III) | 14 556 GRT | JL Thompson & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | 1962: ex Edinburgh Clipper , MFC / 1976 Cunard / 1981 sold |
| 1976 ( 1972 ) | Scythia (IV) | 16,649 GRT | 1972: ex Irish Queen , Maritime Fruit Carriers / 1976 Cunard / 1987 sold | |
| 1976 ( 1971 ) | Saxonia (IV) | 8547 GRT | 1971: ex Gladiolus , Maritime Fruit Carriers / 1976 Cunard / 1986 sold | |
| 1976 ( 1972 ) | Carmania (III) | 8535 GRT | Bergens Mek. Verk. A / S, Bergen | 1972: ex Orange , Maritime Fruit Carriers / 1976 Cunard / 1986 sold |
| 1976 ( 1972 ) | Servia (III) | 8547 GRT | 1971: ex Orchides , Maritime Fruit Carriers / 1976 Cunard / 1986 sold | |
| 1976 ( 1972 ) | Saxonia (IV) | 8547 GRT | 1971: ex Chrysanthema , Maritime Fruit Carriers / 1976 Cunard / 1986 sold | |
| 1976 ( 1972 ) | Andania (IV) | 7255 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1972: ex Glasgow Clipper , Maritime Fruit Carriers / 1976 Cunard / sold in 1981 |
| 1976 ( 1973 ) | Alaunia (IV) | 7255 GRT | W. Hamilton & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1973: ex Cardiff Clipper , Maritime Fruit Carriers / 1976 Cunard / sold in 1981 |
| 1976 ( 1973 ) | Carinthia (IV) | 10,424 GRT | Boelwerf SA, Antwerp | Sold in 1985 |
Container ships
Atlantic Container Lines
| year | Surname | tonnage | Container | shipyard | Status / fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1967 | Atlantic Star | 12231 GT | 800 TEU | Ateliers et Chantiers de Dunkerque SA | 1976: 22020 GT, 1200 TEU / 1987 sold for demolition |
| 1969 | Atlantic Crown | 16489 GT | 1200 TEU | Ateliers et Chantiers de Dunkerque SA | 1985 out of service |
| 1969 | Atlantic causeway | 16489 GT | 1200 TEU | Swan, Hunter Shipbuilders Ltd., Newcastle | 1986 out of service |
| 1970 | Atlantic Conveyor | 16489 GT | 1200 TEU | Swan, Hunter Shipbuilders Ltd., Newcastle | 1982 in the Falklands War by arg. Exocet missile sunk |
| 1985 | Atlantic Conveyor | 58438 GT | 1850 TEU | Swan, Hunter Shipbuilders Ltd., Newcastle | Sold to ACL in 1995 |
Associated Container Transportation
| year | Surname | tonnage | Container | shipyard | Status / fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1969 | ACT 1 | 24821 GT | 1334 TEU | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | Sold to P&O Lines in 1991 , Discovery Bay |
| 1969 | ACT 2 | 24821 GT | 1334 TEU | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | Sold in 1991 to P&O Lines , Moreton Bay |
| 1970 | ACT 3 | 24821 GT | 1334 TEU | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | Sold to Blue Star Line in 1991 , America Star |
| 1970 | ACT 4 | 24821 GT | 1334 TEU | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | Sold to Blue Star Line in 1991 , Melbourne Star |
| 1970 | ACT 5 | 24821 GT | 1334 TEU | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | Sold to Blue Star Line in 1991 , Sydney Star |
| 1972 | ACT 6 | 24821 GT | 1334 TEU | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | Sold to Blue Star Line in 1991 , Queensland Star |
| 1977 | ACT 7 | 43992 GT | 2485 TEU | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | 1991 sold to P&O Lines , Palliser Bay |
| 1988 ( 1978 ) | ACT 8 | 53790 GT | 2436 TEU | AG Weser, Bremen | 1978: / 1988 Cunard / 1991 sold to P&O Lines , Pegasus Bay |
| 1990 ( 1979 ) | ACT 10 | 19613 GT | 1120 TEU | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | 1979: / 1990 Cunard / 1991 sold to BSL , Columbia Star |
Bulk carrier
| year | Surname | tonnage | shipyard | Status / fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1971 | Cunard Caravel | 15498 GT | Astilleros Espanoles SA, Seville | 1974 sold |
| 1972 | Cunard Campaigner | 15498 GT | Astilleros Espanoles SA, Seville | 1974 sold |
| 1972 | Cunard Carronade | 15498 GT | Astilleros Espanoles SA, Seville | Sold in 1978, Olympic History |
| 1973 | Cunard Calamanda | 15498 GT | Astilleros Espanoles SA, Seville | Sold in 1978, Ionian Carrier |
| 1973 | Cunard carrier | 15498 GT | Astilleros Espanoles SA, Seville | Sold in 1978 |
| 1973 | Cunard Cavalier | 15498 GT | Astilleros Espanoles SA, Seville | Sold in 1978, Olympic Harmony |
| 1973 | Cunard Chieftain | 15498 GT | Astilleros Espanoles SA, Seville | Sold in 1978 |
| 1973 | Cunard Champion | 15498 GT | Astilleros Espanoles SA, Seville | Sold in 1978 |
Innovations
Some of the achievements of the Cunard Line:
- First transatlantic passenger ship ( Britannia , 1840)
- First passenger ship with electricity ( Servia , 1881)
- First steam turbine on a passenger ship ( Carmania , 1905)
- First four-screw turbine ship Lusitania , 1907
- First sports hall and infirmary on a ship ( Franconia , 1911)
- First Atlantic liner with 1000 Atlantic crossings ( Queen Mary )
- Largest passenger ship (until 1996) ( Queen Elizabeth , 1940)
- Largest passenger ship (until 2006) ( Queen Mary 2 , 2004)
literature
- Ingo Thiel: 175 years of Cunard Line. The history of the world's most renowned passenger shipping company . Koehler Verlag , Hamburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-7822-1224-3 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Company News: Carnival to bay remaining stake in Cunard Line . Reuters in: The New York Times , October 20, 1999, accessed October 8, 2017.
- ^ Cunard to register ships in Bermuda . In: The Telegraph , October 20, 2011, accessed October 8, 2017.
- ^ Cunard UK: Cruise Vacations. Retrieved September 25, 2017 (American English).
- ↑ FINCANTIERI TO BUILD A NEXT-GENERATION SHIP FOR CUNARD. September 25, 2017. Retrieved September 26, 2017 .
- ↑ Un-RHEA-lised: Ex CUNARD ADVENTURER To Scrap Heap - Updated. Retrieved January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Coral (Cunard Adventurer) will likely be scrapped. January 13, 2014, accessed November 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Burned-out crusader on the last trip to Aliaga. Retrieved March 11, 2014 .
- ↑ Carnival Corporation intents to Build a New Cruise Ship For Cunard | CruiseBe (s) . In: CruiseBe .
- ^ Steel Cut for New Cunard Line Ship . October 11, 2019.
Web links
- Cunard homepage
- Caronia Green Goddess Timeline
- Cruising The Past: History of the Cunard Line
- External company profile of the shipping company Cunard Line
- Early documents and newspaper articles about Cunard Line in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
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North America, Australia (NAA) |
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Europe, Asia (EA) |
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| Former brands |
Fathom Cruise Lines • Fiesta Marina Cruises • Ibero Cruceros • Ocean Village • Windstar Cruises • Swan Hellenic • Carnival Air Lines |
