Queen Mary 2
_2011-08-13_39.jpg) The Queen Mary 2 in the Port of Hamburg (2011)
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The RMS Queen Mary 2 , or QM2 for short , is a transatlantic liner owned by Carnival Corporation & plc . The ship was designed primarily for the regular transatlantic passage, but is also used for cruises . The group operates the ship under its cruise brand Cunard Line . The Queen Mary 2 is the flagship of the Cunard fleet and is reminiscent of the transatlantic liners of the early 20th century, both in appearance and in the customs on board.
Since shipping was replaced by air traffic on the transatlantic route in the 1950s and 1960s, the Queen Mary 2 has been the only active transatlantic liner today. With 148,528 GT measured (water displacement 79,827 tons), it is one of the largest passenger ships in the world. With a crew of 1,253 people, it offers space for up to 3,090 passengers in 1,310 cabins.
history
Construction and commissioning
On June 8, 1998, the British Cunard shipping company announced the construction of a new transatlantic liner for the route Southampton - New York , which should also be used for cruises . The plans envisaged a ship with a tonnage of around 84,000 that should offer space for around 2,000 passengers. After the success of the Carnival Destiny (approx. 101,000 GT; Carnival Cruise Lines ) and the Voyager of the Seas (approx. 137,000 GT; Royal Caribbean Cruises ), Cunard decided to enlarge the design.
Six months later, Cunard published the first details of the ambitious project, a ship that should be comparable to the Queen Elizabeth 2 . The shipyards Harland & Wolff ( Northern Ireland ), Aker Yards ( Finland ), Fincantieri ( Italy ) and Meyer Werft ( Germany ) took part in the tender . At this point the order books of the European shipyards were full and rumors were spreading that the ship could be built in the Far East. The French shipyard Chantiers de l'Atlantique in Saint-Nazaire ( France ) was ultimately awarded the contract . The construction contract was signed on November 6, 2000, when Dillinger Hütte was awarded the contract to supply steel.
The construction of the Queen Mary 2 began with the cutting of the first steel plate on January 16, 2002. The keel was laid on July 4, 2002 in the "Louis Joubert Lock", also known as the "Normandy Dock", under construction number G32. During the construction period around 20,000 people were directly or indirectly involved in the planning and construction. Around 3,000 shipyard workers worked around 8 million hours to build the ship. 300,000 individual parts made of steel were assembled into 94 sections, which were then welded together in the construction dock . Individual sections weighed more than 600 tons. The chimney was set on March 12, 2003. The traditional coin ceremony took place on March 16, 2003, during which a British and a French coin were welded into the hull as a sign of successful cooperation. On March 21, 2003 the building dock was flooded and the expansion of the ship continued.
The shipyard's first test drives were carried out between 25 and 29 September 2003 in the sea area off Saint-Nazaire and the islands of Île d'Yeu and Belle-Île . During the second series of test drives between November 7th and 11th, 2003 the Queen Mary 2 reached a speed of 30 knots (approx. 55 km / h) for the first time . On November 15, 2003, the work was overshadowed by an accident when a gangway collapsed. 15 people were killed and 32 others were seriously injured.
Only 38 months after the contract was signed and a construction time of less than two years, the Queen Mary 2 was handed over to Cunard on December 22, 2003. The purchase price of the ship was over $ 800 million. At the time, the Queen Mary 2 was not only the largest, but also the most expensive passenger ship built in the world. The ship's first captain was Commodore Ronald W. Warwick. On Boxing Day, the Queen Mary 2 arrived in her home port of Southampton.
The home port changed on December 1, 2011: The Queen Mary 2 has since been at home in Hamilton , Bermuda . The flag is still used, however, as the archipelago in the Atlantic also belongs to the United Kingdom. The official reason for the change is the high demand for weddings on the cruise ship, which British law does not allow but is allowed in Bermuda.
commitment
Queen Mary 2 was baptized by Elizabeth II on January 8, 2004 in a solemn ceremony . The maiden voyage took place from January 12th to January 26th 2004 and led from her home port Southampton via Tenerife , Gran Canaria , Barbados and the US Virgin Islands to Port Everglades in Florida . After trips to the Caribbean and Rio de Janeiro , the first Atlantic crossing in an easterly direction followed on March 26th . On April 16, 2004, the ship left the home port of Southampton for the first time with a course for New York. On the return journey, which began on April 25, the Queen Mary 2 was accompanied by the Queen Elizabeth 2 .
Since April 2006 the “Brooklyn Cruise Terminal” in Red Hook (Brooklyn) has been the starting point and end point of the transatlantic voyages of the Queen Mary 2 , previously the “Manhattan Cruise Terminal” (Manhattan West Side at 50th Street) was used. The classic transatlantic voyage between Southampton and New York City takes seven days.
Meanwhile, in addition to the classic transatlantic route, depending on the season, cruises in the Caribbean and European waters are also offered. Special highlights of the ship's operational history:
- On July 19, 2004, the Queen Mary 2 visited the Port of Hamburg for the first time and moored at the Grasbrook Terminal (today Hamburg Cruise Center HafenCity ). The arrival in the port was watched by more than 300,000 spectators (a total of 500,000 on the day of arrival). Due to the increased number of bookings after this visit, Cunard made a change in travel plans for 2005. She now calls at Hamburg regularly and moored at the Hamburg Cruise Center in HafenCity . During this time there will be a supporting program called “ Queen Mary 2 Day”.
- During the 2004 Summer Olympics , the ship was a floating hotel in front of Piraeus and served as accommodation for British Prime Minister Tony Blair , then US President George W. Bush , French President Jacques Chirac and the American basketball team .
- After the bypass South America who met two Queen Mary on 22 February 2006 for the first time on the Queen Mary , which as a hotel ship at Long Beach ( California is).
- On January 10, 2007, the Queen Mary 2 ran out of the port of Fort Lauderdale for her first circumnavigation of the world, which she took back there after 81 days. On February 20, she met the Queen Elizabeth 2 in Sydney Harbor , who was also on a world tour. This was the first meeting of two Cunard “Queens” since the war effort of the Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth in 1941. Further stops on the world tour were San Francisco , Sydney, Singapore , Hong Kong , Dubai and Southampton.
- On January 13, 2008, the Queen Mary 2 , Queen Elizabeth 2 and Queen Victoria met for the first time in the port of New York. The three ships left the port together, accompanied by large fireworks. Following this, the Queen Elizabeth 2 and Queen Victoria crossed the Atlantic side by side.
- The last meeting of the three Cunard “Queens” took place on May 9, 2014 in the port of Southampton.
- On May 8, 2010, the Queen Mary was again in Hamburg for the port birthday . The shipping company then planned more frequent visits to QM2 in Hamburg.
- The first meeting of the two Cunard “Queens” Queen Mary 2 and Queen Elizabeth took place on July 15, 2012 in the Port of Hamburg, arriving almost at the same time in the early morning hours and a festive end with fireworks in the evening hours.
Since the Queen Elizabeth 2 was decommissioned on November 27, 2008, the Queen Mary 2 has been the last scheduled transatlantic liner.
Shipyard stays
Repairs and maintenance work have so far been carried out primarily in the Elbe 17 dry dock at Blohm + Voss in Hamburg .
- First overhaul from November 8, 2005 for eleven days at Blohm + Voss Repair in Hamburg
- Second overhaul at Blohm + Voss Repair to repair a drive nacelle damaged during a departure maneuver in Port Everglades in the US state of Florida: Docking on May 6, 2006, then dismantling of the damaged drive nacelle; the re-installation took place on November 12, 2006. In the meantime, the Queen Mary 2 drove with three drive units and even reached a cruising speed of around 25 knots.
- As part of a further docking at Blohm + Voss Repair from November 12th to 17th, 2006, in addition to the installation of the repaired drive nacelle, all balconies were provided with a sprinkler system and the bridge nocks were extended by two meters.
- The "Refit 2008" was carried out at Blohm + Voss Repair between October 23 and November 13, 2008. The night flood of October 24, 2008 had to be awaited to dock. During the stay in the shipyard, the propulsion system, transverse thruster systems and stabilizers were partially dismantled and overhauled. In addition, the lifeboats were serviced by the manufacturer, the hull was preserved with 35,000 liters of paint and other maintenance work was carried out on the ship.
- Between November 26th and December 5th, 2011 at Blohm + Voss Repair in Hamburg, all 1,310 cabins were equipped with new carpets, curtains and bed covers.
- On May 27, 2016, the ship returned to Dock Elbe 17 at Blohm + Voss Repair in Hamburg for three weeks for modernization work.
Repeated drive problems
Since the "Mermaid" propeller nacelles of the Queen Mary 2 proved to be extremely prone to failure in operation, the Carnival Corporation & plc sued the manufacturer Rolls-Royce in January 2009 for damages. Carnival accused Rolls-Royce of having knowingly concealed the technical inadequacies of the drives in order to receive the construction contract.
The cause of the failures was damage to the bearings that allow the gondolas to pivot. In the event of damage, the affected nacelle could no longer be used to steer the ship. In January 2011, Carnival was awarded $ 24 million in compensation.
draft
The design of the Queen Mary 2 comes from the naval architect Stephen Payne and combines features of modern cruise ships with the lines of classic transatlantic liners such as the Queen Elizabeth 2 . With a space ratio of 57.25 (GT / passenger), the Queen Mary exceeds 2 cruise ships of comparable size by 30 to 50%. The clearance height of the Verrazano Narrows Bridge in New York had to be taken into account in the design. It is the lowest obstacle that must be passed on the Southampton – New York route. The vertical distance between the ship and the bridge is only two meters in the bridge passage.
hull
The construction of the hull is primarily optimized for the special requirements of the Atlantic crossing. The material thickness is up to 30 mm. The structure of the ship is designed for a service life of over 40 years. In contrast to the Queen Elizabeth 2 , whose upper decks were made of aluminum , the hull and superstructure of the Queen Mary 2 are made entirely of steel . When designing the stern, designer Payne based himself on a spoon-like shape, although the overall design actually required a straight transom . The final design goes back to a design by the Italian naval architect Nicolo Costanzi, who implemented this stern shape on several passenger ships in the 1960s. The hull was painted in an environmentally friendly way with a total of 400 tons of TBT- free paint in up to seven layers. The 37 lifeboats of the ship, with a position of 27 meters above the water level, do not actually meet the safety standard, which only allows 15 meters for passenger ships. However, on the grounds of the often very stormy North Atlantic and possible damage to the boats, a special permit was granted for the Queen Mary 2 .
Interior and decks
The functional design of the decks and the interior fittings of the Queen Mary 2 differ in some cases significantly from most other cruise ships. Most of the public areas such as the theater, cinema or the main dining room are located within the hull contour on decks 2 and 3. Decks 4, 5 and 6 house the standard cabins. The boat deck (deck 7) serves as the promenade deck and is the imaginary dividing line to the predominantly higher-quality cabin categories on decks 8 to 12. This is also where bars, restaurants and the wellness area are located . A tour of deck 7 covers a distance of over 600 m. The teak- planked open spaces on the upper decks are used exclusively for sunbathing and observation.
Machine system, drive and supply technology
The Queen Mary 2 is equipped with a machine system that is unique among cruise ships. The integrated electric propulsion (IEP, "Integrated electric propulsion") consists of six electric generators that are driven by four diesel engines and two gas turbines and supply the ship with electrical energy. The four ship propellers are driven by electric motors. Speeds of up to around 24 to 26 knots can be achieved with the diesel engines alone. In addition, up to a maximum speed of more than 30 knots, the use of generators driven by the gas turbines is required. The machine system uses around 500 tons of fuel per day.
Diesel engines
The four 16-cylinder diesel engines of the type Wärtsilä 16V46CR EnviroEngine were developed in cooperation with the ship owner Carnival Corporation & plc. They weigh around 217 tons per engine and are installed - separate from the gas turbines - inside the hull in the main engine room of the ship. Each engine is 12.5 m long, 4.4 m wide and 5.5 m high. The displacement is around 1,550 liters. The engines are equipped with a common rail injection system and additional water injection . They are operated with heavy fuel oil (HFO). Each motor develops an output of 16,800 kW at a speed of 514 / min (for 60 Hz alternating current). The fuel consumption of an engine at full load is given as 3.1 tons per hour. The diesel engines produce around 57% of the total output.
Gas turbines
The two General Electric LM2500 + gas turbines were derived from the General Electric CF6 jet engine , which is also used for the Boeing 747 . Due to the high air / oxygen demand, they are installed directly below the chimney in a soundproofed room. At a speed of 3,600 rpm, each of the two turbo generators develops an electrical output of around 25 MW, which corresponds to a shaft output of around 29.78 MW. In contrast to the diesel engines, the gas turbines are operated with high-quality light marine diesel oil (MGO). Each turbine set has a mass of around 95 tons. The systems are only used when the ship is supposed to reach higher speeds.
Propeller pods
The Queen Mary 2 is powered by four propeller gondolas of the type "Mermaid" (German: Mermaid ) from Alstom / Kamewa and is the first four-screw passenger ship to be equipped with this technology. The gondolas are installed in two groups in the stern of the ship. The two rear, internal units can be rotated 360 degrees for maneuvering and steering. The front, external gondolas are rigid. The built-in Alstom electric motors develop an output of 21.5 MW each and drive the four-blade fixed propellers (pull propellers), which are directed forward in the direction of travel, at speeds of up to 150 rpm. These are made of aluminum bronze and have a diameter of 5.9 m. Each propeller nacelle has a mass of around 260 tons.
Cross-jet system and stabilizers
In the bow of the Queen Mary 2 , three transverse thruster systems with a capacity of 3.2 MW each are installed, with which the ship can turn around its own vertical axis and maneuver in narrow harbors. The outlet openings are closed by flaps during normal driving.
To reduce rolling and pitching movements, the ship has a total of two pairs of fin stabilizers (manufacturer: Brown Brothers & Co Ltd), which can be extended within 30 seconds. Each individual fin has an area of around 15.6 m² and weighs around 70 tons.
Water supply
The fresh water supply of the Queen Mary 2 is ensured at sea via three thermal seawater desalination plants with a total capacity of 1,890 m³ per day. They are supplied with heat via the waste heat ( process heat , combined heat and power) from the machines and via two oil-fired steam generators . The treated drinking water only has a salt content of 5 ppm . The remaining brine is pumped into the sea together with the cooling water of the diesel engines . The drinking water tanks have a volume of 3,830 cubic meters, enough to supply the ship for three days. At low speed, too little process heat is generated to operate the desalination plants economically. In this case, the fresh water tanks in the port are refilled.
Furnishing
Cabins
Of the total of 1,310 cabins, almost 77% are outside cabins, 73% have a balcony. 30 cabins of various categories are handicapped accessible. E-mail , shopping, individual audio and video programs and audio books are available on demand in all cabins . The cabins are divided into ten categories, with less than a third of the standard category.
- 2 Grand Duplex Apartments: The two-story "Grand Duplex Apartments" can be combined in the basement
- 3 Duplex Apartments: The “Duplex Apartments” can be combined with the “Grand Duplexes” and two “Penthouses” to form an area of 770 m².
- 4 Royal Suites: The “Royal Suites” can be combined to form a connected suite.
- 6 penthouses
- 82 suites
- 76 junior suites
- 782 Deluxe and Premium Balcony Staterooms
- 62 Standard Outside Staterooms
- 12 atrium staterooms
- 281 Standard Inside Staterooms
Public areas
The “Grand Lobby” with a large staircase provides access to the ship. The casino is also in the immediate vicinity . The shopping center with an area of over 500 m² extends on the second level. Generously designed corridors lead from the lobby to the public areas on decks 2 and 3. There are over 300 paintings on board with a total value of around five million euros. In the tradition of the Cunard shipping company, there are also portraits of the British royal family.
Restaurants
There are seven restaurants on board, including the “Britannia Restaurant”, which seats 1,347 on two levels and is located on the lower decks in the middle of the ship. In the evening, the “King's Court” is divided into four different restoration areas. The restaurants “Queen's Grill” and “Princess Grill” in the rear area of deck 7 are reserved for guests in the higher cabin categories. As a specialty there is the specialty restaurant "The Verandah", where guests can dine for an additional charge of 20-30 US dollars.
Entertainment options
The “Royal Court Theater” is the main theater of the ship and offers space for over 1,000 visitors. It is equipped with the latest stage and sound technology. In the immediate vicinity is “Illuminations”, the first planetarium at sea that can also be used as a cinema. The "Commodore Club" is an observation lounge in the front part of Deck 9 for views over the bow of the ship. The on- board library of the Queen Mary 2 was the largest of its kind until the Oasis of the Seas was commissioned . It contains around 8,500 volumes, 200 audio books and 100 CD-ROMs. The "G32" is a two-story night club named after the ship's hull number. The "Golden Lion Pub" is modeled on a typical English pub . A pub with the same name could also be found on Queen Elizabeth 2 . There are also other bars , lounges and entertainment options.
Other on-board facilities
- There are six whirlpools and four swimming pools on board . One of them is located in the wellness area, which covers an area of approx. 1,800 m² and is equipped with the latest equipment.
- The sports facilities on board are located on the upper decks and offer golf simulators and a basketball court , among other things .
- There are supervised areas graded according to age for children and young people.
- The infirmary has eleven beds and is looked after by medical specialists, including a dentist.
- There are 22 kennels available for dogs with an opportunity to run outside.
- In the morgue of the ship four can coffins be accommodated.
bridge
The bridge of the Queen Mary 2 is located on deck 12 at a height of approx. 41 m above the water and extends over a width of approx. 45 m. This allows a visibility of around 25 km. It was equipped with the most modern control and navigation technology by the Kelvin Hughes company . Data from radar , navigation, security systems, ship technology and weather are displayed on flat screens . The ship can be steered with a single joystick . At sea, like all modern large ships , the Queen Mary 2 is steered by a GPS- navigating self-steering system . In addition, the ship has DP ( dynamic positioning ).
Ship horns
The Queen Mary 2 is equipped with a total of four ship horns ( Typhon ). Two of them are on the sides of the chimney, two more on the mast and bow. The horn on the starboard side of the funnel comes from its namesake Queen Mary . It is the model "Tyfon 575" from the Swedish manufacturer Kockum Sonics, which was originally operated with steam. The second copy on the chimney is a replica. The horns are about two meters long and are operated with 30 bar compressed air from the starting device of the diesel engines. They have a range of over ten miles. The notation is “A¹” (55 Hz). While the ship is at sea, the horns are tested daily at noon.
Incidents
- On November 15, 2003, 15 relatives of shipyard workers died when a gangway collapsed under the weight of 48 people and tore it into the depths, which earned the ship the nickname "Bloody Mary".
- In January 2006, the ship ran aground from the port of Fort Lauderdale. One of the four propeller pods was damaged. The bypassing of South America could only be done at reduced speed, which caused Captain Warwick to cancel the stopovers on the way to Rio de Janeiro . This led to considerable displeasure among the passengers.
- During an Atlantic crossing in a westerly direction, there was a power outage on the night of August 15, 2008. The supply was restored after about an hour. The Queen Mary 2 continued its journey at reduced speed.
- Shortly before the Queen Mary 2 reached the port of Barcelona on September 23, 2010, coming from Southampton, a capacitor in the 11 kV string of the ship's power supply exploded . The steel door of the control room was torn from its anchoring. As a result, there was a half-hour power failure. During this power failure, the ship with 3823 people on board was unable to maneuver.
- On October 6, 2011, there was a fire on one of the gas turbines in the upper engine room of Queen Mary 2 . It could be cleared by the crew without causing personal injury or damage to the ship.
- On December 26, 2012, 194 passengers on the Queen Mary 2 contracted a gastrointestinal infection.
facts and figures
- The Queen Mary 2 anchor chain weighs 119 tons and is 345.03 meters long. Each of the two anchors weighs 23 tons.
- The Queen Mary 2 has about 200 varieties in 17,000 bottles over the world's largest wine cellar on board a ship.
- Around 800 companies worked on the electrical installations, cabin equipment and kitchens.
- On board are:
- 2,500 km of electrical cables
- 500 km of pipelines
- 80,000 lighting fixtures
- 3,000 phones
- 8,800 speakers
- 5,000 fire detectors and
- 8,350 automatic fire extinguishers
Others
- The first US edition of the book Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince signed by the author was brought to the United States on board the Queen Mary 2 .
- The film Poseidon by director Wolfgang Petersen was partly shot on the Queen Mary 2 .
- The propellers of the four drives are made of aluminum bronze and were manufactured by Mecklenburger Metallguss in Waren (Müritz) .
Movie
- Harvey Crossland (Director): Queen Mary 2 - On board the Queen of the Seas. Documentation, Canada, Germany, 2008, 43 min. (When crossing the Atlantic in a west-east direction, among others with Commander Bernard Warner, chef Jean-Marie Zimmermann and the ecological officer Robert Scott)
- Peter Kleine (Director): Queen Mary 2 - The Journey. Promotion of the Cunard Line with feature film character (20 min.), Germany 2012
literature
- Manfred Ertel: Living with a Queen - From everyday life on board the Queen Mary 2. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Hamburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-7822-1287-8 .
- Ingo Thiel: Queen Mary 2 - Queen of Hamburg's hearts. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-7822-1060-7 .
- Christoph Engel, Knut Gielen, Cay Rademacher : Queen Mary 2 - the largest passenger ship of our time. Delius Klasing Verlag, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-7688-1672-9 .
- Philip Plisson , Guillaume Plisson et al. a .: Queen Mary 2 - The birth of a legend. Knesebeck, Munich 2004, ISBN 978-3-89660-249-7 .
- Douglas Ward: Complete Guide to Cruising & Cruise Ships 2009. Berlitz Publishing, 2009, ISBN 978-3-493-60255-5 .
- Cunard Line: Queen Mary 2 Deck Plans.
- Cunard Line: Queen Mary 2 Fact Sheet.
- Cunard Line: Queen Mary 2 Fun Facts.
- Cunard Line: Queen Mary 2 Technical Information.
- Cunard Line: Queen Mary 2 Technical Specification. Leaflet available on board the ship
Web links
Footnotes
- ^ A b c Equasis - France-Ministry for Transport , accessed on February 14, 2011
- ^ Report on www.cybercruises.com
- ↑ Entry at Lloyd's Register ( Memento of the original dated December 30, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English)
- ↑ The Great Ocean Liners ( Memento of the original from April 26, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 14, 2009
- ↑ Dillinger Hütte ( Memento of the original from September 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Largest passenger ship: 15 dead in accident on "Queen Mary 2" . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . November 16, 2003, ISSN 0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed July 17, 2016]).
- ↑ The Cunard Liner Queen Mary 2 , accessed November 16, 2009
- ↑ Die Welt of July 21, 2004 , accessed November 16, 2009
- ↑ First visit to QM 2 in Hamburg , accessed on November 16, 2009
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt v. July 20, 2004 , accessed November 16, 2009
- ^ Photo gallery : Meeting of three queens in New York, report from sueddeutsche.de January 13, 2008 , accessed on November 17, 2009.
- ^ Hamburger Abendblatt Online , accessed on October 31, 2010
- ↑ Tourism Industry (www.fvw.de) on July 13, 2010 , accessed on October 31, 2010
- ↑ QUEEN MARY 2 docks at Blohm + Voss Repair , accessed on November 21, 2009
- ↑ 2011 at Blohm + Voss Repair ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/hamburg/Queen-Mary-2-im-Schoenheits-Dock,queenmary322.html
- ↑ Rolls-Royce sentenced to damages to Carnival ( Memento of the original from January 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 14, 2011
- ↑ Seal Etter Cruise Magazine Queen Mary 2 Review
- ^ History of the Costa shipping company
- ↑ Ship's hull formation, US Patent 3090338
- ↑ Information on the Wärtsilä reference website ( Memento of February 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b What makes QM2 go? - Interview with the chief engineer from November 2009 , accessed June 19, 2010
- ^ Information from the manufacturer about the GE LM2500 + marine gas turbine , accessed December 18, 2009
- ↑ a b QM2 Press Kit ( Memento from March 1, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), access and PDF download from November 14, 2009
- ↑ Restaurants on Queen Mary 2
- ↑ Virtual Bridge Tour
- ↑ Largest passenger ship: 15 dead in accident on "Queen Mary 2" . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . November 16, 2003, ISSN 0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed July 17, 2016]).
- ^ Incidents at Sea 2008 , accessed November 20, 2009
- ↑ Catastrophic failure of capacitor in aft harmonic filter room on passenger cruise ship RMS Queen Mary 2 , Accident Investigation Report 28/2011 of the MAIB, English, accessed on March 20, 2016
- ^ Fire in the engine room on October 6, 2011
- ↑ Queen Mary 2: Norovirus broke out on the Cunard liner - Spiegel online
- ^ Cunard News Release November 7, 2005 ( Memento March 1, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), accessed November 14, 2009
- ↑ In Waren an der Müritz: Where the ships grow wings ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
