Czarne (Orzysz)

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Czarne
Czarne does not have a coat of arms
Czarne (Poland)
Czarne
Czarne
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Pisz
Gmina : Orzysz
Geographic location : 53 ° 52 '  N , 22 ° 1'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 51 '57 "  N , 22 ° 0' 52"  E
Residents : 49 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code : 12-250
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NPI
Economy and Transport
Street : DK 63 - Rzęśniki - Odoje → Czarne
Rail route : Czerwonka – Ełk (no regular train service)
Railway station: Odoje
Next international airport : Danzig



Czarne ( German  Czarnen , 1938-1945 Herzogsdorf ) is a village in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , which belongs to the Gmina Orzysz ( town and country municipality Arys ) in the Powiat Piski ( Johannisburg district ).

Geographical location

Czarne is located in the eastern Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, 29 kilometers northeast of the district town of Pisz ( German  Johannisburg ).

history

The small initially Zarnen and after 1785 Czarnen called village was in 1507 by the Teutonic Order as Freigut to Magdeburg Law established. From 1874 to 1945, the site was in the District Mykossen ( Polish Mikosze ) integrated, the - 1938 in "District Arens Walde" renamed - to circle Johannesburg in Administrative district Gumbinnen (1905: Administrative district Allenstein ) the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged.

Czarnen counted 164 inhabitants in 1910, in 1933 there were 166.

Based on the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Czarnen belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether it would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Czarnen, 120 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not receive any votes.

On June 3 (officially confirmed on July 16) 1938, Czarnen was renamed Herzogsdorf for political and ideological reasons to defend against foreign-sounding place names . The population was 154 in 1939.

In 1945, the place in consequence of the war, together with the entire East Prussia to Poland handed over and received the Polish name form Czarne . Today the village is the seat of a Schulzenamt (Polish Sołectwo ) and as such a place in the network of the urban and rural municipality Orzysz (Arys) in Powiat Piski ( Johannisburg district ), until 1998 of the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.

Religions

Before 1945, Czarnen was parish in the Protestant Church of Arys in the church province of East Prussia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Roman Catholic Church of Johannisburg in the Diocese of Warmia .

Today, on the Catholic side, Czarne belongs to the parish in Orzysz in the Diocese of Ełk of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . The Protestant residents stick to the church in the district town of Pisz in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Personalities

  • Robert Twardy (born September 15, 1880 in Czarnen; † October 3, 1955 in Bad Reichenhall), German geodesist and politician

traffic

Czarne is located east of the traffic- wise important Polish state road 63 (former German Reichsstraße 131 ) and can be reached on the side road 1702N via Rzęśniki (Rzesniken , 1938–1945 Försterei Nickelsberg) and Odoje (Odoyen , 1938–1945 Nickelsberg) . The next train station is Odoje on the - no longer regularly used - railway line Czerwonka – Ełk ( German  Rothfließ – Lyck ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 171
  3. ↑ Dietrich Lange: Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Herzogsdorf
  4. ↑ a b Czarnen / Herzogsdorf - family research Sczuka
  5. ↑ Rolf Jehke, District Mykossen / Arens Walde
  6. ↑ Uli Schubert: Community directory, district of Johannisburg
  7. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Johannisburg district (Polish Pisz). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : Self-determination for East Germany - A documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 73.
  9. ↑ Gmina Orzysz