Okartowo

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Okartowo
Okartowo does not have a coat of arms
Okartowo (Poland)
Okartowo
Okartowo
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Pisz
Gmina : Orzysz
Geographic location : 53 ° 48 '  N , 21 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 48 '22 "  N , 21 ° 51' 29"  E
Residents : 404 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code : 12-250
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NPI
Economy and Transport
Street : DK 16 : Grudziądz - Olsztyn - Mrągowo - Mikołajki ↔ Orzysz - Ełk - Augustów - Ogrodniki (- Lithuania )
Rail route : Czerwonka – Ełk (not in operation)
Next international airport : Danzig



Okartowo ( German Eckersberg ) is a village in the urban and rural community Orzysz ( Arys ) in the powiat Piski ( Johannisburg district ) of the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Geographical location

Okartowo is located in the Masurian Lake District in historic East Prussia on the northeastern bank of the Spirdingsee ( Jezioro Śniardwy in Polish ) and on the southern bank of the Tirklosees ( Jezioro Tyrklo in Polish ) in the eastern Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . From the village, the Teufelswerder island (in Polish: Czarci Ostrów ) is visible in the middle of the Spirdingsee. To Königsberg (Prussia) ( Russian Kaliningrad ) it is 130 kilometers (Luftlionie) in a north-westerly direction, about thirty kilometers in a northerly direction to the city of Lötzen (in Polish Giżycko ) and twenty kilometers in a south direction to the district town of Johannisburg ( Pisz) .

history

Eckersberg on the northeastern bank of the Spirdingsee , southeast of Königsberg and south of the city of Lötzen , on a map from 1908.
Village street in Okartowo

Around 1340-1345, the Commander of the Teutonic Order had the Balga branch build the Eckersburg . The castle was destroyed in 1361 by the Lithuanian prince Kynstut , then rebuilt by the order, but again razed by Kynstut in 1378. The order then gave up the Eckersburg maintenance office and had the associated lands administered by the Rhine Commandery . In 1492 the Commander of the Rhine, Rudolf von Diepolskirchen, prescribed the land to Nikolaus Garnmeister under the conditions of the Kulm law .

In 1503 the parish of the parish of Eckerspurg was subordinate to the Warmian prince-bishop Lucas Watzenrode .

After secularization in 1525, the castle grounds became a state domain.

In 1625 the Evangelical pastor Johann Gregorewitz (or Gregorczewski, in service since 1583) died of the plague . In 1657 the village was invaded by Tatars . In the period from 1709 to 1711, villagers again fell victim to the plague. During the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) the village was affected by acts of war and occupied by Russian troops.

In 1724 Eckersberg was subordinated to the War and Domain Office Gumbinnen ( Russian Gussew ). Since the new district division in 1752, Eckersberg and the Rhine main office belonged to the Seehesten district . Around 1782 Eckersberg belonged to the Royal Domain Office Arys, which included two outworks and 38 villages with a total of 651 fireplaces (households).

On April 8, 1874 Eckersberg office Village was and thus its name to an administrative district that existed until 1945 and the county Johannesburg in Administrative district Gumbinnen (1905: Administrative district Allenstein ) the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged.

In the 19th century there was an evangelical school in Eckersberg. 1805 castle grounds is some farmers in leasehold left.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Eckersberg belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Eckersberg, 40 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not.

Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region on January 23, 1945 . In August 1945 Eckersberg was placed under Polish administration together with the southern half of East Prussia . After that, Polish civilians came to the village. As far as the people had not fled, they were in the period that followed largely driven . Eckersberg received the Polish name form "Okartowo" and is today the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) and as such a place in the network of the urban and rural community Orzysz (Arys) in the Powiat Piski ( Johannisburg district ), until 1998 the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Population numbers

year Residents Remarks
1782 121
1910 118
1933 210
1939 234

Eckersberg District (1874–1945)

Religions

Church building

The once Protestant, now Catholic church in Okartowo

The church in Okartowo is a successor to a building from 1799 that was destroyed in 1914. It was built between 1922 and 1924 as a massive plastered brick building according to the plans of the Johannisburger government master builder Henry . Until 1945 the church was a Protestant place of worship. Since then it has been a Roman Catholic place of worship and since 1984 the parish church "Immaculate Conception of the Most Holy Virgin Mary" ( Polish: Kościół Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Marii Panny , short: Church of the Conception of Mary ).

Parish

Between 1340 and 1345 Eckersberg became a church village in the pre-Reformation period. A church was built here as early as the time of the order .

Evangelical

At the beginning of the 16th century, the Lutheran Reformation found its way here. Two evangelical clergymen began their service at the same time. Before 1715 it was the parish Eckersberg in the inspection Lyck ( Polish Ełk ) incorporated, then came to 1945 the parish of Johannesburg (Pisz) in the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Prussian Union of churches .

In 1925 the parish had 3,815 parishioners who lived in a spacious parish. Flight and expulsion of the local population put an end to the life of the Protestant parish in the village now called Okartowo. Today only very few Protestant church members live here. You orientate yourself to the parish in Pisz , which belongs to the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Roman Catholic

Before 1945 there were very few Catholic church members in the Eckersberg area. They were assigned to the parish in Johannisburg in the deanery Masuria II (official seat: Johannisburg) in the diocese of Warmia . The number of Catholics rose sharply after 1945 due to the resettlement of Polish citizens of mostly Catholic denominations. They took over the previously evangelical church as their church and on November 5, 1984 established a Roman Catholic parish here. With a branch church in Cierzpięty (Czierspienten , 1905 to 1945 above sea level) it belongs to the deanery Biała Piska (Bialla , 1938 to 1945 Gehlenburg) in the diocese of Ełk of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Georg Teschner (born July 15, 1888 in Eckersberg, † December 23, 1978 in Bruck an der Mur), German officer, major general in the Air Force

traffic

Okartowo is located on the Polish state road 16 (former German Reichsstraße 127 ), which as an east-west axis connects the three voivodeships of Kuyavian-Pomerania , Warmian-Masurian and Podlaskie . Since 1911, the village has been a train station (the train station is in the Okartowo-Przystanek district ) on the Czerwonka – Ełk ( German  Rothfließ – Lyck ) line, which is no longer used regularly.

literature

Web links

Commons : Okartowo  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 844
  3. ^ History of Okartowo - Eckersberg at ostpreussen.net
  4. ↑ a b c d e f http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Eckersberg_Ostpreu%C3%9Fen
  5. ^ Max Toeppen : History of Masuria. A contribution to the Prussian regional and cultural history . Danzig 1870, p. 164.
  6. ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Evangelical Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg 1968, p. 34
  7. ↑ Daniel Heinrich Arnoldt : Brief messages from all preachers who have been confessed to the Lutheran churches in East Prussia since the Reformation . Königsberg 1777, pp. 369-370 .
  8. ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part I: Topography of East Prussia , Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, p. 42, No. 6).
  9. ^ Rolf Jehke, Eckersberg District
  10. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : "Self-determination for East Germany - A Documentation on the 50th Anniversary of the East and West Prussian Referendum on July 11, 1920"; Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 73
  11. ↑ Gmina Orzysz
  12. ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, district Johannisburg
  13. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Province of East Prussia, district of Johannisburg. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  14. ^ Church Okartowo - Eckersberg at ostpreussen.net
  15. ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 2, Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen 1968, p. 119, figs. 540-543
  16. ↑ a b Parafia Okartowo ( Memento of the original from January 24, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / diecezjaelk.pl
  17. ^ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3 Documents , Göttingen 1968, p. 491
  18. ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Evangelical Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg, 1968, p. 34