Szestno
| Szestno | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Mrągowo | ||
| Gmina : | Mrągowo | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 55 ' N , 21 ° 18' E | ||
| Residents : | 597 (2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 11-700 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 89 | ||
| License plate : | NMR | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 591 : Mrągowo ↔ Ruska Wieś - Kętrzyn - Barciany - Michałkowo ( - Polish-Russian border) | ||
| Wyszembork → Szestno | |||
| Rail route : | no rail connection | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Szestno [ ˈʂɛstnɔ ] ( German Seehesten , formerly Sehesten , Sehsten or Seesten ) is a village in the Gmina Mrągowo (rural municipality Sensburg ) in the Powiat Mrągowski ( Sensburg district ) of the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .
Geographical location
The village is located in the Masurian Lake District , about 90 kilometers south-southeast of the city of Kaliningrad (Königsberg) , 15 kilometers south of the city of Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) and 6 kilometers north of the district town of Mrągowo (Sensburg) .
history
The village was founded in 1401 by the Teutonic Knight Ulrich von Jungingen , who was Commander in Balga between 1396 and 1404 .
In earlier times, an administrative district was named after the parish village of Sehesten and comprised 51 villages. The administrative headquarters of the Teutonic Order's Nursing Office was located in the Order Castle , which once stood in the village. In 1502, the Teutonic Knight Christoph von Auer was named as the clerk of the Sehesten order . From the administrative district, the district named after the village was formed in 1752.
Around the middle of the 18th century the village was owned by the Schmeling family . There was a water mill in the village .
Based on the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Seehesten belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Seehesten, 280 people voted to stay with East Prussia, while Poland did not.
Former location of a hill fort ( tower hill castle )
Ruins of the Ordensburg on the Schlossberg
Until 1945, the village of Seehesten belonged to the Sensburg district in the Allenstein district of the German Empire . Towards the end of World War II , the Red Army occupied the region in January 1945 . Soon after, Seehesten was placed under Polish administration along with the southern half of East Prussia . Insofar as the inhabitants did not belong to the traditional Masurian minority or had fled, they were largely expelled after 1945 and replaced by Poles. Seehesten received the Polish name Szestno . In 2011 the village had 597 inhabitants.
Population numbers
| year | number |
|---|---|
| 1867 | 464 |
| 1885 | 405 |
| 1898 | 394 |
| 1905 | 375 |
| 1910 | 361 |
| 1933 | 477 |
| 1939 | 492 |
| 2011 | 597 |
Seehesten District (1874–1945)
On April 8, 1874, Seehesten became an official village and thus gave its name to an administrative district that until 1945 belonged to the Sensburg district in the Gumbinnen district (from 1905: Allenstein district ) in the Prussian province of East Prussia . The Seehesten district were incorporated:
| Surname | Polish name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Pfaffendorf | Popowo Salęckie | |
| Reuschendorf | Ruska Wieś | |
| Rudwangen | Rydwągi | |
| Sea hares | Szestno | |
| Seehesten, good | On September 30, 1928, incorporated into the rural community of Seehesten |
church
Church building
Today's Heilig-Kreuz-Kirche in Seehesten was built after a fire in the previous church using old materials and dates from 1619 to 1639. The interior of the church impresses with numerous wall and ceiling paintings, even if there are numerous traces of restoration and changes. The altar and pulpit date from 1647 and were made by the same carving workshop. The furnishings include two man's chairs and two flags from the 17th century. The church, which has been Protestant since the Reformation, is now a Catholic church.
Church / parish
Evangelical
Already in the pre-Reformation period (from 1401) there was a church in Seehesten. Lutheran preachers officiated here from 1525, and they served two people until 1873. For a long time, Seehesten belonged to the Rastenburg Inspection ( Kętrzyn in Polish ), then until 1945 to the parish of Sensburg in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . In 1925, the Seehesten parish , to which the branch parish in Bosemb belonged since 1822 (1938 to 1945 Bussen , in Polish Boże ), had a total of 3,300 parishioners who lived in a spacious area.
Despite the flight and expulsion of the local population around 1945, the church was used by the Protestant parish until October 10, 1981. Church members who live here today are assigned to the St. Trinity Church in Mrągowo (Sensburg) in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .
Catholic
Before 1945 only a few Catholics lived in the Seehesten region. That changed with the arrival of new Polish citizens after 1945 who settled here. Almost all of them were of the Catholic denomination. On October 10, 1981, the church building, which had been used by the Protestant community until then, was occupied by Catholic believers. Since July 1st 1989 Szestno has been a parish, to which - as before - the chapel in Boże is assigned. The parish belongs to the Deanery Mrągowo I in the Archdiocese of Warmia of the Polish Catholic Church .
Personalities
- Georg Friedrich von Creytzen (born May 3, 1639 in Seehesten, † May 4, 1710 in Königsberg), Prussian senior councilor and chancellor
traffic
Streets
Szestno is located on the Voivodship Road 591 , which is important in terms of traffic and runs through the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in a north-south direction and connects the Polish-Russian border region with the center of the voivodeship. There is also a secondary road connection to the neighboring town of Wyszembork (Weißenburg) .
rails
Until 1966, Wyszembork was the next train station and was located on the now closed and partially dismantled Sensburg – Rastenburg railway, which was operated by the Rastenburger Kleinbahnen until 1945 .
Web links
literature
- August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore. Königsberg 1835, p. 510, no.103.
- Max Toeppen : History of Masuria. A contribution to the Prussian state and cultural history. 1870 (540 pages); Reprint 1979, pp. 98-104.
- Daniel Heinrich Arnoldt : Brief messages from all preachers who have been admitted to the Lutheran Churches in East Prussia since the Reformation. Königsberg 1777, pp. 294-296.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1256
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part I, Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, p. 42, No. 8.
- ^ Leopold von Zedlitz-Neukirch : New Preussisches Adels-Lexicon . Volume 1: A - D. Leipzig 1836, p. 150.
- ^ August Franz von Haxthausen : The rural constitution of the individual provinces of the Prussian monarchy. Volume 1. Koenigsberg 1839, p. 155.
- ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German Adels Lexicon. Volume 8. Leipzig 1868, p. 231.
- ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 115.
- ↑ a b Wieś Szestno w liczbach
- ↑ Seeing at GenWiki ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Uli Schubert, community register, district Sensburg
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sensburg.html # ew33sensseeheste. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Seehesten District
- ↑ Andreas Kossert: Masuria - East Prussia's forgotten south . Pantheon, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-570-55006-9 , p. 374 .
