DC Towers
| DC Towers | |
|---|---|
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| DC Tower 1 in August 2014 (far left: Danube Tower) | |
| Basic data | |
| Place: | Donau City , Vienna |
| Construction time : | Tower 1: June 17, 2010 - October 1, 2013 |
| Status : | Tower 1: completed; Tower 2: in planning; Tower 3: in planning |
| Architectural style : | Postmodern |
| Architect : | Dominique Perrault |
| Use / legal | |
| Usage : | Offices, hotel, restaurant, apartments |
| Owner : | Deka Immobilien GmbH |
| Technical specifications | |
| Height : | 220 or 168 or 100 m |
| Height to the top: | 250 or 168 m |
| Height to the roof: | 220 or 168 m |
| Depth: | 40 m |
| Floors : | 60 (DC Tower 1) 44 (DC Tower 2) |
| Elevators : | 29 |
| Usable area : | approx. 66,000 m² or approx. 41,000 m² |
| Floor area : | approx. 93,600 m² over 0, approx. 44,000 m² under 0 (DC Tower 1) 61,700 over 0 (DC Tower 2) m² |
| Building material : | Steel, concrete, glass |
| Height comparison | |
| Vienna : | 1. (or 3.). ( List ) |
| Austria : | 1. (or 3.). ( List ) |
| Europe : | 18th (or 50th). ( List ) |
| address | |
| City: | Vienna |
| Country: | Austria |
The DC Towers (actually Donau City Towers ) are three skyscrapers planned and partially completed by the French architect Dominique Perrault in Vienna's Donau City . The first of the three buildings, DC Tower 1, opened on February 26, 2014 and has since been the second tallest structure in Austria . The DC Tower 2 is in the planning phase and the DC Tower 3 is in the construction phase.
history
Planning
The first development concepts for the location in Donau City were already in place at the beginning of the 1990s, but all of them were rejected. In 2002 the WED (Wiener Entwicklungsgesellschaft für den Donauraum AG) organized an international design competition for this last section to be developed. The architect Dominique Perrault from Paris was awarded the contract in this appraisal procedure. He was then commissioned to draw up a master plan for the area. Based on these plans, an urban development model was drawn up and approved by the local council on July 1, 2004. In contrast to previous projects at the site, a mixed use was prescribed here. Up to a rededication to 220 meters in 2007, a maximum of 120 meters could be built on the site. (This value relates to the construction height, an antenna is excluded)
The free property, located directly on the Reichsbrücke , was an urban development fillet; the prominent location at the entrance to Donau City called for special exploitation. A “landmark” that could be seen from afar was to be created. There were 120 different designs before the final concept. As a " bridgehead ", Perrault designed two distinctive twin towers as a built entrance gate for the district. The overall planning provides for a third tower in this area, the design of which comes from the Vorarlberg office of Dietrich Untertrifaller Architects . The time horizon for the construction of the approximately 100 meter high DC Tower 3 has not yet been determined.
The starting shot for the project was originally planned for 2007, but the start of construction has been delayed several times.
Construction phase
The towers designed by Dominique Perrault are implemented in collaboration with the Viennese office Hoffmann-Janz Architects. The civil engineering was carried out by Porr , the structural work by Max Bögl . A total of around 100,000 cubic meters of concrete with 17,000 tons of reinforcing steel were processed. The total weight of the tower is 290,000 tons.
2010
The first activities on the then vacant property could already be observed at the end of February 2010. The laying of the foundation stone and the start of construction finally followed on June 17, 2010. In November, the first pile drilling was started and the first permanently installed construction crane was used. In December, the construction of the foundation was already in full swing. The settlement behavior with regard to the location directly next to the flattening of the Danube embankment motorway A22 and the proximity of the Danube required a special deep foundation. Diaphragm wall piles protrude a further 35 meters into the subsoil under the base plate, which is 4 meters thick at the core. 13,000 cubic meters of concrete were installed in the area of the floor slab alone. (This corresponds approximately to the load of 1,625 concrete mixer wagons) The civil engineering was completed in 6 months.
2011
In 2011, most of the progress was evident. Construction began at the end of March 2011 and the first underground floors were completed at the beginning of April. At the end of April the first floor above ground was built and the concrete core took on visible dimensions. There were now five permanent construction cranes at work. At the beginning of June the first fixed roof crane was installed and the sliding weather protection was installed. In July the DC Tower 1, which was under construction, could already be seen from every higher building in Vienna. In the same month, the crane, which could grow with the tower, was attached to the building and the first freight elevator on the west side of the tower was installed. In August 2011, the concrete core in the growing building disappeared and the 13th floor was completed. Furthermore, the elevation of the glass facade on the west, north and south sides began.
Construction of the glass facade on the east side of the building began in September. Since then, the facade has been raised to the wind and weather protection on all four sides of the tower, but there was hardly any progress in height. This was due to the outrigger floors , which are supposed to ensure the stability of the building. These were completed at the end of November, but the expected opening date was postponed from the beginning of 2013 to summer 2013 at the earliest.
2012-2013
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From spring 2012 there was again a rise in height. The tower grew by one storey every 4.8 days. At the end of April 2012, work was carried out on the 32nd floor, which marks around half of the final construction height. On October 25 of the same year, the 60th and last floor was reached. According to WED, people worked six days a week. In the late summer of 2013, the last facade elements were in assembly. The two construction cranes that were still in use on the tower at the time were gradually dismantled. They previously grew with the building over the entire construction period. One was attached to the outside of the supporting structure, the other was placed in one of the elevator shafts. On September 19, 2013, the approximately 30-meter-high antenna was finally brought into position using a special helicopter from Heliswiss . The exterior of the building was thus completed.
Opening of tower 1
The official opening ceremony of the hotel and tower took place on February 26, 2014. The guests of honor included the architect Dominique Perrault , the Mayor of Vienna Michael Häupl , the former Mayor of New York Rudolph Giuliani and the former astronaut Buzz Aldrin .
Future with tower 2
The DC Tower 2 is planned with 168 m. The significant difference in height between the buildings is also reflected in the different letters of "DC" in the logo of the construction project. However, the start of construction was delayed several times - not least because of the global financial crisis . In the spring of 2016, the building site of Tower 2 was sold to a German real estate fund.
In March 2018 it was announced that the Vienna S + B Group had concluded a general contractor agreement for the second Donau City Tower with the owner of the property, the German Commerz Real . Subsequently, the construction of a 175 m high building is planned for around 170 million euros from mid-2019 and completion is planned for 2023 . Retail and catering (approx. 1,500 square meters) as well as offices (approx. 26,600 square meters) and around 470 rental apartments (approx. 24,000 square meters) will be located on a total of 53 floors with almost 52,000 square meters.
investment
Development and Security
The access logic on the ground follows the concept of the Danube City: pedestrian and traffic levels are on different levels. The main access to the complex is via the central Donau City roundabout in the Donau-City-Straße named after it. The address is 1220 Vienna, Donau-City-Straße 7 . Tenants of tower 1 can drive into the garage directly from this level, visitors and taxis are directed up to the access level −1. For better orientation this was designed as an open space at the top. The hotel driveway and the entrance to the public underground car park are located here. It has space for 354 vehicles. Delivery as well as disposal takes place via the central loading yard, also located on this level, which is connected to the service lifts. The higher pedestrian level can also be reached via outside stairs. There are separate entrances for the different user groups on this.
The security concept of the tower provides for the separation of the individual streams of visitors, which is favored by the Donau City, which is laid out on different levels. The building is divided into individual security areas, in each of which movement flows as well as entrances and exits are controlled and monitored. Separation systems in the reception areas and intelligent control technology in the elevators prevent the mix of user groups. The distribution of people within the building takes place via 29 elevators and two escalators. Two elevators are designed as full-fledged goods and fire service elevators with a nominal load of up to 2,500 kg. The fastest elevators in Austria are currently in operation in the DC Tower. With up to 8 m / s (around 29 km / h) the highest floor can be reached in 40 seconds.
The public areas and hotel floors are accessed separately by four fully glazed elevators. However, a self-supporting spiral staircase is also built into the base building. The main elevators in the tower are equipped with a destination control, in which the destination floor is selected before entering the car. The system then leads to an elevator, thus enabling shorter waiting times and fewer intermediate stops. In the DC Tower, this system was expanded so that the access controls are also connected to the lift control. The next elevator is assigned as it passes through the security gates.
use
The five-star Meliá Vienna hotel of the Spanish Sol-Meliá Group has been located on the lower 15 floors since the beginning of 2014, with 253 rooms and 1,079 m² of event space. The hotel also has restaurants on the 57th and 58th floors. On the second floor there is also a 1,700 m² fitness club with a wellness area and indoor pool. The majority of the remaining floors are rented as office space. In 2011, Baxter was announced as the first major tenant. At the beginning of 2015, the Austrian subsidiary of Astellas Pharma moved into the tower. Other office tenants include voestalpine , the auditing company PwC Austria , the IBM Client Innovation Center Austria, and CRRC ZELC, a subsidiary of the Chinese rail vehicle manufacturer CRRC , which has established its European headquarters here. On level 58 there is a surrounding terrace at a height of 207 meters. The part facing the city center is managed by the bar located here, the second half was accessible as a paid viewing platform ( sky terrace ) until the end of 2016 . Since October 2014, ORS has also been using the 245-meter antenna to broadcast television programs.
- Floors 1–15: Hotel Meliá Vienna , Flow and Ra'mien go restaurants
- Floor 2: John Harris Fitness Club
- Floors 16–17: building services
- Floors 18–42: offices
- Floors 43–44: building services
- Floors 45–56: offices
- Floor 57: 57 lounge and 57 restaurant
- Floor 58: 57 lounge , outside terrace
- Floors 59–60: building services
Ownership
The WED Vienna Development Company for the Danube Region, which emerged from Expo AG in 1991, is the owner of the site of Tower 1 and responsible for the overall development . The builder and owner was VIENNA DC Tower 1 Liegenschaftsbesitz GmbH, which was initially a company of the WED Group, but was sold to the German Deka Immobilien in July 2017. The selling price was not announced; the investment volume for tower 1 was originally 300 million euros. The marketing of the real estate in the tower is carried out by the company bareal Immobilientreuhand GmbH. In September 2016, over 90 percent of the space was taken. The site for Tower 2 was in the spring of 2016, the real estate fund hausInvest of Commerz Real sold; The parties agreed not to disclose the purchase price. The neighboring property of DC Tower 3 is also owned by the German real estate fund. However, the area on the banks of the Danube adjacent to the buildings is owned by the City of Vienna, was previously leased and has been redesigned since 2018.
architecture
The DC Tower 1 is the tallest building in Austria, but the tallest structure in the country is still the nearby Danube Tower . It towers over DC Tower 1 by two meters. The large ratio of the height to the small width of the narrow side makes the tower one of the slimmest skyscrapers in the world. Measured from the natural ground, the tower is even 260 meters high.
“The planning was not primarily about setting new height records, but rather creating a well-designed building that impresses with its sophisticated design and high quality of the property. The height of the tower results from the ambition to preserve the attractive aesthetics of a slim tower when building the intended cubic dimensions. "
Building data
| Building data | DC Tower 1 | DC Tower 2 (planned) |
|---|---|---|
| Height to the top | 250 m | - |
| Height of the construction | 220 m | 168 m |
| Height to the highest usable floor | 211 m | TBA |
| length | 59 m | TBA |
| width | 28 m (average) | TBA |
| Clear room height offices / corridor | 3.00 m / 2.50 m | TBA |
| Storeys above 0 | 60 | 44 |
| Floors below 0 | 4th | 4th |
| Gross floor area over 0 | 93,600 m² | 61,700 m² |
| Gross floor area below 0 | 44,000 m² | TBA |
| Rental space | 66,000 m² | 41,000 m² |
| Excavation | > 60,000 m³ | TBA |
| Thickness base plate | 4 m | TBA |
| steel | 20,000 t | TBA |
| concrete | 110,000 m³ | TBA |
| total weight | 290,000 t | TBA |
Form-finding and appearance
The shape arose from the idea of a monolith broken in the middle. This "fissured stone" is recognizable by the wave-like shifted structure on the southeast side, but only receives its negative shape with tower 2 and thus comes into its own spatially and visually. The two towers will then form a “city gate”, with the two halves facing the Danube and being slightly angled to each other. The place that will develop in between is crucial for Perrault. Identity and urban space can only be created with several towers. On its own, the DC Tower 1 is just a good solitaire. Dominique Perrault wanted to build a uniform volume made of glass and not a supporting structure with four curtain walls . The black color and the reflections of the surroundings help the tower to take its texture and weaken the two-dimensional image. The storeys that can be read from the outside should take a back seat. The “liquid facade” is modeled on the Danube, since proximity to the water is essential for the architect. It represents great potential for Donau City, but is currently not being used properly. The related style element of the differently offset "waves" is therefore not only found on the outer skin; rather, it occurs repeatedly inside, for example in hotel rooms.
The glass facade consists of 32,000 m² of sun protection insulating glass and was manufactured in Austria. Of this, 10,000 m² of glass surfaces were screen- printed; also to reduce the risk of bird strikes.
The flowing and immaterial character reproduced on the outside was interpreted in the opposite way on the inside. Here the rooms should be very present and physically noticeable. In the generally accessible halls and corridors, for example, the full-surface natural stone surfaces underline the robust aesthetics. The lift lobbies were again designed with metal panels that radiate warmth that is not typical of the material due to their differently treated surfaces. The public hotel areas in the base building are connected by a "floating" spiral staircase, the stairwell of which also forms an upwardly tapering atrium that reveals the view of the tower. Its round steps are covered with white Bianco Sivec marble from Macedonia and the sides are conical.
construction
In addition to a detailed examination of the subsoil, an essential parameter and basis for the structural design was susceptibility to wind; both on the tower and starting from it. As a result, a model of the tower and its surroundings were built to examine it in the wind tunnel. With regard to the down winds occurring in Donau City, the wind comfort in the zone close to the ground should also be optimized. The results of the investigations were slight adaptations to the structure and the positioning of umbrella-like constructions around the tower. These also protect against sunlight and falling objects.
The reinforced concrete structure is elastic. At the height of the 58th floor, the tower can sway up to 45 centimeters. For this reason, a vibration damper in the form of a 305-ton mass pendulum was installed between the 56th and 60th floor in order to reduce movement below the perception limit and to increase user comfort . It consists of steel plates and a 54 m³ water tank, which ensures the supply of the wall hydrant system in an emergency. The pendulum hangs at the four corner points on two 16 m long steel cables. It is rail-guided, so it swings in defined paths and is tailored to the slim side of the building. The pendulum always moves in the opposite direction to the natural oscillation of the tower. The rope length can be variably adjusted to the final natural frequency. However, this did not occur until some time after completion, since a newly built structure is initially still relatively stiff and only becomes more elastic over time.
So-called outriggers are installed in the building services floors on levels 16/17 and 43/44, which give the DC tower more stability. Two meter thick reinforced concrete ceilings connect the core with the load-bearing external supports and improve the rigidity of the load-bearing system. The outrigger floors are each twice as high as a standard storey, reserved for building services systems and can only be recognized from the outside by the grilles in the facade. However, the outrigger construction as such is not recognizable. The cantilevered bay panels on the wave-like southeast side are carried or supported by steel profiles that are subjected to tension or compression.
Environment and building services
DC Tower 1 was one of the first Austrian skyscrapers to be built and equipped in accordance with the energy and sustainability requirements of the EU Commission for a “Green Building” certificate and the US LEED system . In January 2015 the tower was awarded the highest quality level, platinum status . During the certification process, 82 out of a possible 110 points were achieved.
The assessment takes into account parameters such as the sustainable quality of the location, savings in drinking water consumption, optimized energy consumption, the sustainable and resource-saving use of materials, but also comfort and user satisfaction in the workplace. The building energy is reduced by photovoltaic systems and energy recovery elevators. The tower is operated with green electricity . In the underground car park, alternatively operated cars can “fill up” with the electricity generated by the building .
Through rainwater management, rainwater that falls on the built-up areas is left in the natural water cycle or used further and not discharged into the sewers. In order to avoid excessive energetic losses of heat or cold, a grid structure is worked into every second window. As is usual in modern high-rise buildings, individual (narrow) windows can be opened completely. A perforated plate is placed in front of them as protection. Concrete core temperature control was installed in the tower on an area of 22,900 m² . This system uses the mass of the concrete as heat storage and enables the resource-saving cooling of the office floors in summer and their heating in winter. Due to the low operating temperature, this system is energy-efficient.
A two-stage heat recovery is used in the air conditioning systems. The heating requirement of the tower is 27.41 kWh / m².a. In the event of a power failure, there is a 2,000 hp diesel generator. On the roof there is a rail-mounted facade access system consisting of two 30-tonne cranes. These maneuver the gondolas, which are used to clean and maintain the glass facade. A complete cleaning of the facade takes around a month. The building services and safety equipment are monitored from the control room on the 2nd floor. A total of four floors, two each in the lower (floors 16/17) and upper (floors 43/44) area of the tower, are reserved exclusively for building services systems. Vienna's highest transformer station, operated by Wiener Netze, is also located on the upper technical floor . From the outside, these storeys can only be recognized by the grilles in the façade.
Fire protection
The risk and the consequences of a fire represent the greatest danger in a high-rise building. In order to ensure rapid and efficient fire fighting in an emergency, a combination of a sprinkler system and a hydrant system is installed in the tower.
In the event of a fire, the high-pressure water mist system pumps water upwards from the 4th basement at 140 bar. There it is atomized as a very fine spray from over 10,000 nozzles. The fine mist promotes the evaporation of the water and thus the rapid extinguishing and cooling effect immediately after lighting. The capacity of the system is sufficient to pump the water without pressure level to over 230 meters. The 25 pumps for the high-pressure extinguishing system also take into account the second tower, which will also be supplied from the control center in tower 1 after its completion. Each tower needs the power of ten pumps, five more serve as a reserve.
There is an area valve per floor, which sends an alarm to the fire alarm center when the system is triggered. This allows the source of the fire to be localized more precisely. Furthermore, 250 wall hydrants were installed. A special feature is the type of water supply. The supply does not take place via a riser from below, but via a downpipe from above. The extinguishing water is in a tank that is part of the mass pendulum in the roof. (See also construction ) In the basement there is also a pool with 700 m³ of water, which also serves as a buffer storage for cold generation. The staircases and escape routes are equipped with a pressure ventilation system, which keeps them free from dangerous smoke. The fire alarm system also includes 5,600 fire detectors.
Transmitter
There is a transmitter on the roof of Tower 1. In front of here, digital radio programs are broadcast according to the DAB + standard.
Frequencies and Programs
The transmitter is used to broadcast DAB + in the greater Vienna area.
The CityMux Wien II started on April 3, 2018. And with the official start on May 28, 2019, the first Austria-wide MUX will be broadcast in DAB + standard in the single-frequency network with the Kahlenberg, Liesing and Sonnwendstein on channel 5D.
| block | Programs |
ERP (in kW) |
Antenna diagram round (ND), directional (D) |
Single frequency network (SFN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5D DAB + Austria |
DAB block of the Austrian federal mux:
|
7.1 |
|
|
| 11C CityMUX Vienna II |
DAB -Block MUX II - Vienna:
|
13 | Vienna (DC Tower 1) |
Award
The members of the global Internet forum SkyscraperCity selected DC Tower 1 as the best completed high-rise project of 2013. There it prevailed over 15 other skyscrapers. In addition, Turm 1 took second place in the Emporis Skyscraper Award in 2013 .
Picture gallery
from the southwest
from the south in the evening
the southeast facade
Southwest view during the construction phase (2012)
Donau City with DC Tower 1 from the northwest
See also
Web links
- wieninternational.at | Donaucity with two new, ultra-modern high-rise buildings
- wien.orf.at - Austria's tallest house is ready on October 17, 2013 with a photo report from the installation of the transmitter mast by helicopter
- Timelapse construction DC Tower 250m, 3 years, 9 perspectives, MirAlf media, Timelapse DC Tower ZeitrafferTV , youtube.com, March 10, 2014. - 2.5 years
Individual evidence
- ↑ Vienna DC - Data & Facts DC Tower from July 27, 2012
- ↑ "DC Tower 1": Tough struggle for tenants . In: derstandard.at , July 27, 2012.
- ↑ S + B Group - Current Projects. Retrieved July 18, 2020 .
- ↑ Journal Architects & Planners 6/2014 , accessed on December 5, 2014
- ↑ GERHARD BITZAN: Donau-City: A district strives for heaven ( Memento from April 21, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) - Die Presse from June 19, 2007
- ↑ Planning process - Donau City , accessed on December 6, 2014
- ↑ Dietrich Untertrifaller Architects - DC 3 Tower , accessed on May 15, 2017
- ↑ The start of construction for DC Towers is delayed from August 11, 2008
- ^ Groundbreaking ceremony for Austria's highest house (orf.at, June 17, 2010)
- ↑ Complex special civil engineering of DC Tower 1 from July 31, 2014
- ↑ DC Tower 1 - impressive highlights ( memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 30, 2014
- ↑ "DC Tower 1" shortly before the topping-out on October 25, 2012
- ↑ DC Tower: Austria's tallest building from April 24, 2012.
- ↑ DC Tower 1: On the roof of Vienna's “Burj Dubai” from May 15, 2012
- ↑ Helicopter finalizes DC Tower orf.at, September 19, 2013.
- ↑ Austria's highest house opens orf.at, February 26, 2014.
- ↑ Donaucity: Perrault's towers are a long time coming. ( The Press , November 21, 2008)
- ↑ Start of construction for DC towers is delayed (derStandard.at, August 11, 2008)
- ↑ ORF-Online: Second DC Tower will be built in mid-2019 orf.at, March 15, 2018, accessed March 15, 2018.
- ↑ Kone References - DC Tower , accessed September 26, 2014
- ↑ Kaba regulates access to the tallest building in Austria from May 23, 2014
- ↑ "DC Tower 1" shortly before the topping-out on October 25, 2012
- ↑ Baxter becomes a tenant in DC Tower 1 on September 15, 2011
- ^ Vienna: New tenant for DC Tower from August 28, 2014
- ↑ DC Tower will be sold on September 30, 2016
- ↑ dctowers.at - Public Areas ( Memento of the original from February 28, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 15, 2017
- ↑ Commissioning of DVB-T and T2 at the Vienna DC Tower. October 9, 2014, accessed April 17, 2015 (broadcast television programs).
- ^ Vienna: DC Tower finished, but only half full from September 26, 2013
- ↑ a b c d diePresse: DC Tower: Austria's highest building
- ↑ DC Towers.at ( Memento of the original from July 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Floor plan
- ↑ Deka has now officially acquired DC Tower 1 on July 6, 2017
- ↑ Bareal - DC Tower ( Memento of the original from October 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 15, 2017
- ↑ Information brochure DC Towers ( Memento of the original from September 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 21, 2014
- ↑ Commerz Real implements DC Tower 2 on May 5, 2016
- ↑ Hausinvest - DC Tower 3 ( Memento of the original from July 27, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 15, 2017
- ↑ What does the city get from the DC Tower? dated February 26, 2014
- ↑ Copa Cagrana: Concept for redesign is in place, start of construction 2017 derstandard.at, March 17, 2016.
- ↑ The million dollar conversion of the Copa Cagrana started kurier.at, January 17, 2018.
- ↑ Alone for the time being: Dominique Perrault's DC Tower celebrates its opening (DETAIL Magazin issue 4/2014). Accessed November 5, 2014
- ↑ Dominique Perrault on the DC Tower in Vienna from November 22, 2013
- ↑ Meliá Vienna moves to Donau-City-Skyscraper ( Memento from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) from February 27, 2014
- ↑ Glassolutions.at - DC Tower ( Memento from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Retrieved on September 21, 2014
- ↑ Dominique Perrault - DC Tower from February 28, 2014
- ↑ Natural stone work in Melià Vienna , accessed on December 4, 2014
- ↑ Why the DC Tower hardly wobbles from March 2, 2014
- ^ The tallest building in Vienna Architecture trade magazine April / May 2014 pp. 36–41, accessed on December 8, 2014
- ↑ ZOEBL supplies hydraulics for DC Tower ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 30, 2014
- ↑ Detail Magazin 4/2014 , accessed on December 4, 2014
- ↑ Glassolutions Austria - DC Tower , accessed on July 11, 2013
- ↑ USGBC LEED - DC Tower 1 , accessed February 23, 2015
- ↑ DC Tower 1: Aiming high with oekostrom ( memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated February 13, 2014
- ↑ Innovative building technology for Austria's tallest skyscraper , accessed on September 26, 2014
- ↑ DC Tower: On the roof of Vienna ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 20, 2014
- ↑ Hoyer Fire Protection References ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 1, 2014
- ↑ ORS Tech Blog. June 28, 2016, accessed June 29, 2019 .
- ↑ SkyscraperCity - 2013 Cup , accessed October 2, 2016
- ^ Emporis Skyscraper Award 2013 , accessed December 11, 2014
Coordinates: 48 ° 13 ′ 55.6 ″ N , 16 ° 24 ′ 46.2 ″ E