Dammer mountain lake
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Dammer Bergsee nature reserve
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 Dammer mountain lake |
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| location | North of Damme in Lower Saxony, district of Vechta | |
| surface | 105 ha | |
| Identifier | NSG WE 222 | |
| WDPA ID | 62698 | |
| FFH area | 102.6 ha | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 32 ' N , 8 ° 12' E | |
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| Sea level | from 109 m to 117 m | |
| Setup date | May 12, 1995 | |
| administration | NLWKN | |
The Dammer Bergsee is a lake and a nature reserve near the town of Damme in the Lower Saxony district of Vechta . The 1.05 km² protected area with the registration number NSG WE 222 has been a nature reserve since 1995 . It is located in the Dammer Berge ridge and is part of the FFH area 317 "Dammer Berge". The lake itself, which is 2 km north of the town center of Damme, is approx. 700 m wide and approx. 560 m long.
history
The lake was created between 1952 and 1967 as a large clarification pond for the Dammer iron ore mining . On the initiative of the district of Vechta, the first afforestations and plantings were carried out from 1974 to 1975. After unsuccessful attempts to plant birch trees, a small birch forest on the northern edge of the heap remained from the late 1980s. Small wintergreens or broad-leaved stendelwort can now be found there . Botanists such as Johannes Wagner and Paul Olberding recognized and described the outstanding importance of the area, which is under tourist stress. In 1991, the district of Vechta wanted to remove the clayey material from the spoil dump to seal off the barrel bog near Vechta . Paul Olberding and Johannes Wagner, later also Torsten Laumann and the newly founded Vechta district group of the Nature Conservation Union campaigned for the preservation and conversion into a nature reserve. On April 21, 1995 the area was designated as a nature reserve "Dammer Bergsee" after years of disputes. At that time, 241 fern and flowering plants were known there.
flora
Since then, species such as the Italian arum , mountain hairline , Savoy hawkweed or small beagle , tufted carnation , puffed clove and real field woman's coat have been detected. More than 360 different plant species were registered in 2006, including rare species such as the beach centaury , the yellowish-white Ruhr herb ( Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum ) or the grove ragwort ( Senecio nemorensis ). In addition to orchids, thirteen fern species can be found, including mountain fern ( Lastrea limbosperma ), deer's tongue ( Phyllitis scolopendrium ) and oak fern ( Gymnocarpium dryopteris ); there are also extensive stocks of bog fern ( Thelypteris palustris ), adder's tongue ( Ophiglossum vulgatum ) and common lady fern ( Athyrium filix-femina ).
Silver and golden thistles ( Carlina acaulis and Carlina vulgaris ) thrive on the spoil heap , followed by the branched grass lily ( Anthericum racemosum ) , which occurs more in mountainous regions . The clustered bellflower ( Campanula glomerata ) and the upright clematis ( Clematis recta ), which are considered to be endangered , can also be found here, as well as the feltwort ( Filago minima ) and the eyelash pearl grass ( Melica ciliata ). As representatives of the dry grassland societies, vertebrates ( Clinopodium vulgare ), small meadow button ( Sanguisorba minor ssp. Minor ), meadow sage ( Salvia pratensis ) and pigeon scabiosis ( Scabiosa columbaria ) can also be found on the heap .
The forest landscapes contain populations of small wintergreens ( Pyrola minor ), the beech asparagus ( Monotropa hypophagea ), which is sometimes regarded as a subspecies of the spruce asparagus , but also the red foxglove ( Digitalis purpurea ) finds suitable locations here.
For the protection of endangered plant species, it is particularly valuable because of the remains of iron ore mining, which was abandoned in 1967. On the edge of artificial still waters that were used for washing or washing, on rinsing fields and a mountain dump, a lot of rare plants have settled due to the extreme location conditions, including several species of orchids . The district of Vechta is responsible as the lower nature conservation authority.
fauna
In the Dammer Berge 13 bat species of which live water and pond bat , whiskered bat , mouse-eared and Bechstein's bat , Noctule , but also dwarf and mosquito bat occur in the area. The former supply tunnels of the "Porta Damme" mine and the bunkers on the Muna site offer numerous sleeping places that other bat species also use for wintering. So let Brown and Gray long-eared , Serotine and Natterer's bat , even the extremely rare Barbastelle evidence. The mouse weasel and ermine are common among martens, but polecats, stone marten and pine marten also occur. Badger populations are increasing. Other mammals are squirrels , rabbits and brown hare , red fox and wild boar , hedgehog and mole , roe deer and fallow deer , a species that were naturalized in the Dammer Mountains, as well as raccoon dogs , raccoons and American mink , which after settling by humans from others Areas have immigrated.
More than 160 bird species have been detected so far, 77 species are found as breeding birds.
There are also three species of lizard, three newt and three frog species as well as the grass snake . Sand lizards and crested newts are found in large numbers , but also the little water frog ( Rana lessonae ), which is classified as endangered on the Lower Saxony Red List.
The beetle family includes the stag beetle and the rhinoceros beetle , for which the Dammer Mountains were established as an FFH protected area, areas that directly adjoin the “Dammer Bergsee” nature reserve. Butterflies, such as the great blue butterfly ( Apatura iris ), also reappear, as do typical forest butterflies (admiral, mourning and emperor's mantle, etc.). The middle owl or the pigeon tail can be found on night butterflies .
See also
literature
- Wolfgang Stelljes: Second-hand nature. The Dammer Bergsee : In: Kulturland Oldenburg . Issue 176 (edition 2.2018). P. 2 f. ( online )
Web links
- Nature reserve "Dammer Bergsee" in the database of the Lower Saxony State Office for Water Management, Coastal and Nature Conservation (NLWKN)
- NSG "Dammer Bergsee"
Individual evidence
- ↑ A list of other plants can be found here .
- ↑ "Dammer Bergsee" nature reserve in the database of the Lower Saxony State Office for Water Management, Coastal and Nature Conservation (NLWKN)
