List of technical terms used in poultry breeding
Terms of Fowl breeds are often incomprehensible to the layman or misleading. However, they facilitate communication between specialists and breeders.
A.
Eel line : dark brown, clearly defined stripe from the head over the back of the neck to the shoulders; Drawing feature in hump geese .
Aristocracy: term for perfect form in pedigree animals.
Approach: unwanted color overlay on feathers, beak or on the legs .
Arm swing : second-order swing, which is almost alone visible when the wing isfolded and which, when colored differently,formthe wing triangle .
Eye Color : You will be the color of the iris is determined (Iris).
Edge of the eye: the edge of the skin that surrounds the eye.
Eye ring: the edge of the skin that surrounds the eye.
Eye line: The light line that goes from the beak over the eye in wild-colored and blue-yellow ducks.
Eye bulge: Strongly protruding eyebrows, described as a special breed characteristic in the standards.
Outside vane: The outer visible side of the feather vane in the wings.
External plumage: The front, visible parts of the feathers.
Axial spring: Narrow, shorter connecting spring between the hand and arm wings. The absence of the axial spring is a wing gap and an exclusion error .
B.
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Cheeks: pronounced lateral bulge of the face, e.g. B. a breed characteristic of the dwarf ducks .
Whisker: The sideways part of the beard.
Harness:
- Different colored, multiple band drawings following the pen shape in animals of the color types “partridge-colored-banded” or “brown-banded”.
- Sprinkles that are as even as possible running across the nib. (= Hamburg speckled drawing )
Ball swelling: disease of the ball of the foot. In the event of impaired mobility, the animal remains without an evaluation mark (o. B.).
Courtship tufts: upright shoulder feathers in turkeys immediately after courtship, which lie flat again when de-energized .
Beard: Fletching of the lower face and throat (in some breeds divided into cheekbones and chin beard ), the wattles being covered or missing and the plumage in the nape and throat more or less fluffy like a mane or frill.
Abdominal dewlap : In geese, hanging folds of skin on the abdomen. (Single or double based on race).
Cup comb : a comb that begins simply at the beak and divides into a cup-shaped comb after the first or second point of the comb.
Ears: elongated, pointed feathers on the neck of the chickens, in the case of cocks also on the lower back ( saddle ), the so-called decorative plumage
Sickling: main and secondary sickle feathers on the cock's tail with the exception of the hen-feathered cocks.
Stocking: Short fletching of the legs, which can extend to the outer toes.
Tie feathers: Often differently colored cover feathers of the arm wings or their markings (border, pearling).
Comb leaves: Two comb leaves lying next to each other with moderately large indentations. (see butterfly comb )
Bean: horn tip on the beak of the water fowl, partly different in color from the beak color.
Pom-poms: Headdresses on both sides of the Araucana and Dwarf Araucana in connection with the ear flaps .
Bristles: upright, narrow, hard feathers on the rear neck of guinea fowl.
Glasses: White drawing the eyes of rehfarbigen ducks .
Bronze:
- Color shade in turkeys, → bronze turkey
- slightly darker, mostly tolerated coloring of the tail of yellow cocks,
- faulty shade of brown in black plumage.
Tufts of breast: Tufts of hair similar to horsehair on the breast of turkeys' roosters, also found in old turkey hens.
Araucanian hen with black "pompons"
Deer-colored and white piebald ducks with "glasses"
Turkey with "breast tuft"
Chest keel:
- A fold of skin running from the chest to the rear part - forming the keel - especially in water fowl.
- Strongly protruding sternum with a protruding spring structure (mostly faulty).
Tufted comb : Several lateral outgrowths on the comb flag in the single comb or on the thorn in the rose comb.
Bow: See wing bow
Bush tail: poorly developed tail with tangled feathers.
C.
Columbia drawing : Visible black or blue drawing limited to neck, tail and wings.
Cream color: pale yellow shade.
Sussex hen with Columbia drawing
Dwarf Brahma with Columbia drawing
D.
Roof tail : Horizontal position of the tail feathers in both sexes, the main sickle in roosters or the large tail feathers in hens.
Thumb feathers : Small group of feathers at the base of the wings of the hand, sitting on the thumbbone.
Down:
- Fluff of the newly hatched chicks.
- Part of the feathers in water fowl, cf. Down
Covers: See wing covers .
Dobbelung: Coarsest form of fringing in Bergisch races ( Bergischer Kräher , Bergischer Schlotterkamm and Dobbelter Krüper ). Similar to a polka dot drawing, there is a silver-white or yellow-brown spot the size of a five-penny piece within the black plumage.
- "Double"
Double mandrel: See also multiple mandrel .
Double hem : return of the hem markings in the pen.
Double spur: two spurs growing from the same root on the inside of the legs; occurring in some fighter races or races with a fighter character; otherwise an error.
Double dewlap: In geese, double, bowl-shaped belly dewlap , closed at the back.
Double teeth : Two comb teeth rising for the same reason. (Exclusion error).
Thorn: The end part of the rose comb that ends in a beaded point .
Three- arch line : The slightly arched top line of the neck, back and tail of the Malay , Ayam pelung and Bergischer Kräher .
Triangle type: Animals with a flat chest and a tight belly, i.e. too short in the lower line.
Tricolor: porcelain or colored.
Triad: Color difference between the neck hangings, saddle hangings and wing covers on the rooster. (Racial trait in New Hampshire and Dwarf New Hampshire ).
Torsion springs : springs with a twisted shaft.
Duff: Dull color of the plumage.
E.
Squirrel tail : Tail carried forward beyond the vertical.
Simple comb: standing ridge consisting of the ridge sheet , the comb teeth and the comb flag . Different in size and shape.
Torn bean: Light horn-colored segment in the black beak bean in Steinbacher fighting geese .
Tear: Different colored line (s) in the beak bean of the water fowl .
Elsterscheckung: Drawing in old Rhine Elsterenten (= Magpie ducks).
Enamel:
End hem: Designation of the different colored end of a feather.
Duck foot: Rear toe lying on the inside of the foot in chickens and bantams.
Pea Comb : Low comb made of three pearled rows, the middle of which is the highest.
Drake: male duck.
F.
Fantail: fan-like spaced out tail feathers in chickens and bantams.
Banner:
- Feather rays on both sides of the quill;
- the rear, free-standing or resting part of the comb blade .
Pheasant tail : very flat, almost horizontally carried tail, especially with long fletching.
Feather feet: See mountain pines and rough feet .
Spring cap: A lobby with feathers of the skull with naked neck chickens and dwarf naked neck chickens .
Quill pen : Also called a pen shaft to which the branches are attached with secondary branches and hooks.
Feather structure: Different design of the feathers (e.g. smooth, curly, silky, hard, soft).
Feather tassels: see pompons .
Heel joint: joint between the lower leg and the barrel ; often wrongly called knee.
Finch markings: final markings of the arm wings with dotted color strokes.
Fisheye: Greenish-white iris (exclusion error).
First: The top edge of the beak.
Fish back: Noticeable arching of a relatively elongated back. Mostly considered a fault, except in breeds with a three-arch line .
Flank: The side of the poultry carcass.
Flank plumage : See suspension feathers .
Downy plumage: Concealed part of the feather that is not formed into a flag .
Flesh-colored : Designation of the barrel color in some chicken breeds. The scales are whitish; the roosters often have reddish stripes on the outside of the barrel . In some breeds, this barrel color is called white.
Meat warts : wart-like elevations on the turkey's head .
Meat bulge: Very strong elevation instead of the missing comb in Paduans (Small fleshy bumps are not considered a fault.)
Meat cones: A portion of meat located at the forehead in turkeys that enlarges when excited.
Flitter: Bright, shiny, unmarked edge with trickled feathers.
Flocculation: Drawing style of some north-western European races. On both feather flags , two or three different colored oval spots lie freely one behind the other without touching the feather edge or the feather shaft. The end of the nib always corresponds to the main color.
Wing bandages: Formed from the bandage feathers .
Wing arch : Curvature of the wing between shoulder and wrist due to the curved shape of the forearm bones ( ulna and radius ).
Curve of the wing: anterior arch formed by the wrist. When fighters slightly out.
Wing triangle: Visible outer flag of the arm wings , which are often colored differently.
Wing gap : gap between the hand and arm wings due to the lack of the axial spring .
Wing rose:
- irregular accumulation of feathers of different colors on the wing-coverts.
- Bald spots on the wing bones in various fighter races.
Hairstyle: The elongated neck feathers in German Peking ducks and wart ducks ; incorrect in other races.
Warty duck with "hairstyle"
Fifteen feet: Normal in the front toes, the fifth toe just above the rear toe is longer than this and must have a nail and be separated from the rear toe.
Football tumor: See Ball tumor .
Foot fletching: See mountain pines and rough feet .
Footwork: Name for the entire foot fletching including gauntlets in heavily belatschten breeds.
G
Fork prongs: See double prongs .
Ganter: Male goose.
Curtain feathers : feathers with insufficient branching, so that one can see through the feather flags.
Bit: Black bit bar on the upper and lower beak of Steinbacher fighting geese .
Vulture heels: stiff feathers protruding backwards from the heel joint, also called gauntlets .
Neck: transition from the back of the head to the upper part of the neck; also called stallion neck when very pronounced .
Pied: Drawing with mostly white feather ends in various shapes (spots, dots) with an otherwise monochrome basic color.
Facial mold: white spots on the red skin of the face.
Antler comb: More developed horn comb ( Crève-Coeur ).
Pen Pip: Non-wedge shaped extending comb teeth (of the tine point tip to the comb sheet uniformly extending narrow, round waves).
Big wheel: Big tail feathers in turkeys. see also: Small wheel
H
Tufts of hair: See tufts of hair
Hanging wing: wing carried downwards.
Half hood: A widely used term for full head.
Half-moon drawing : Only the end of the feather encompassing edging.
Neck hangings : See hangings .
Ruff: Fluffing of the plumage on the back of the neck in bearded chickens or bantams. In hens this is more pronounced due to the wider curtain feathers .
Neck ring: characteristic of drakes in wild-colored and related ducks; faulty in females (exception Saxe ducks ).
Hand swing : 1st order swing, large swing, primaries. The 10 outer long wings of pointed shape, hardly visible when the wing is closed.
Bonnet: upright or even spherically growing, elongated plumage on the skullcap in crested fowl .
Skin fold: See Kiel, position 2 .
Stallion neck: At the back of the neck being bent neck hackle .
Hen plumage: Feather formation in cocks that corresponds to the hen's plumage, i.e. without elongated curtain feathers and sickles , mostly associated with the hen drawing. ( Racial trait in Sebright and henneflower Hamburg gold and silver sprinkles ).
Helmet: horn-like hump on the head of the guinea fowl.
Helmet hood: upright hood that tapers towards the top and appears compressed at the sides. The longest hood springs can be directed forward. (Typical of the breed in Brabantern ).
Hump: Hemispherical forehead bulge of the hump geese .
Horn comb : A comb consisting of two round, erect horns, arranged straight or in a V-shape.
Horny: color of the beak or toenails (light to dark gray).
Horseshoe drawing: half moon drawing. In the case of speckled chickens, similar drawing instead of banding or flaking.
Lobster Tail ( Cubalaya ): Roof-shaped arched arrangement of the spread control feathers; is worn in line with or below the sloping back line.
I.
Iris : iris of the eye that determines the color of the eyes.
J
Jubilee: Red and white color of the Indian fighters and dwarf fighters
K
Fighter type: Highly stretched chicken shape with pronounced shoulders, sloping back and partly deeply carried tail as well as hard plumage and partly bare parts on the chest and wings.
Calcareous bones: Calcareous growths under the scales of the legs caused by mites .
Ridges:
- Lateral outgrowths on the standing comb;
- Outgrowths on the thorn of the rose comb . (See also under tuft comb )
Comb bump: indentation of the ridge sheet .
Comb base: The part of the comb that sits on top of the skull.
Comb blade : The lower, serrated part of the comb.
Comb thorn : Thorn-shaped tip at the rear end of the rose comb .
Comb flag: The rear, free-standing or lying part of the comb blade .
Comb front : leading edge of the comb above the beak.
Comb supports: Vertical thickening at the front side of the comb blade ; often including faulty indentations ( comb troughs ).
Comb depression: Defective indentation on the top of the rose comb .
Comb points: See points .
Carp saddle : See fish saddle
Box shape: The trunk is carried horizontally with a straight top line and a parallel bottom line with a fairly deep chest.
Chew formation: Tailless in chickens and bantams. ( see also: Kaulschwänzigkeit )
Dewlap : Abnormal skin development by the throat. (In a few breeds, breed characteristics, in the others faulty, see the respective standard)
Wedge bill : beak shape in common ducks.
Kiel:
- Shaft of the pen ( see also: quill pen );
- Fold of skin running from the chest to the bottom, e.g. B. Requirement for some duck breeds.
Goatee: Part of the beard below the throat.
Tilt wing : Laterally protruding hand wings (also called blocking wings or saber wings).
Cushions: Feather section puffed up by full down plumage ; (in a few cases racial characteristics, mostly faulty).
Folding comb : single comb surrounding the side .
Small wheel: large tail feathers in turkeys. ( see also: Big wheel )
Goatee : Shaggy, falling goatee, which is more or less separated from the whiskers.
Condition: Expression of the animal's state of health and well-being.
Constitution: Hereditary physical condition.
Headstock: Part of the head of ducks with colored feathers with magpie drawing.
Crow's head: Too long, narrower, mostly with a sunken face and a very long, straight beak.
Crow's bill : Long, thin and straight beak.
Collar: The lower part of the neck hangings in chickens and bantams. (Partly typical of the breed, but mostly incorrect).
Collar closure: In the Columbia drawing, the meeting of the drawing on the front neck.
Frill spot: Red-brown, sometimes hidden spot on both sides of the cervical plumage on roosters of salmon-colored hues.
Tie: tuft-like remains of plumage on the front neck of the naked-necked chickens. (Racial trait in the French Cou-Nu du Forez , faulty in the Transylvanian naked-necked chicken )
Crossbill: crippling in which the tip of the upper bill passes laterally that of the lower bill.
Croup:
- Saddle section with strong cushion formation .
- Tail shape, e.g. B. Orpington or Dwarf Cochin , where the highest point is in the middle.
L.
Salmon Breast: Breast color in hens with wild and related colourations.
Lacquer: The plumage has a strong sheen.
Finish: Large, circular or oval black spot at the end of the nib on the main silver or gold color.
Country fowl form : Form of the light to medium-weight breeds with an almost horizontally carried trunk of medium length, deep chest and full saddle ; and a full stomach in hens.
Lancet shape: very pointed feather shape.
Mountain pines: Strong foot fletching that also affects the middle toes.
Run: General term for the part of the foot between the heel joint and toes.
Curls: The curved feathers in the upper tail of the drake, except in warty ducks .
Lure:
- Plumage curled outwards in chickens and bantams;
- Long, soft feathers twisted like a spiral in curly geese .
Spoonbill: Duckbill widened to the front with a curved ridge line.
Lyra shape : Shape of chicken breeds with the back line curved evenly forwards and backwards.
M.
Mane: Full, somewhat puffy neck fletching, especially in bearded chickens and bantams.
Mantle plumage: General term for the back, saddle , wing and side plumage.
Mask:
- Feather-free face in warty ducks ;
- the glacial face in Spaniards
Distinctive : prominent or prominent.
Matt: dull color.
Mulberry: blue-red to blackish-blue coloration of the face or the comb in some chicken breeds.
Mulberry comb : transverse rose comb with wart-like growths without thorns and pearls; bluish red to blackish blue.
Mauser : change of pen.
Moulting yellow : yellowish shimmer in the not yet fully moulted white plumage.
Mealy color: fletching that looks like it has been powdered with flour, especially in red and yellow chickens (also bleached).
Multiple mandrel: Combed mandrel divided into two or more ends . (Exclusion error except for Watermaal beard dwarfs ).
Multiple spurs : Several spurs growing out of the same root on the inside of the legs ; occur or required in some fighter races or races with a strong combative influence. Faulty in other breeds.
Heather color:
- See floury color
- different shades of a tone that is desired monochrome.
Brass color : very light gold color, mostly faulty.
Mediterranean races: Italian , Leghorn , Minorka , Andalusian , Spanish , Castilian , Catalan .
Moss: Black, irregular deposits in differently colored, single-colored parts of a feather.
Trough : Lateral indentation for standing combs or a recess in the surface of the rose comb .
N
Nail:
- Beak bean in water fowl
- General usage in pedigree poultry for the claws.
Bowl comb: hollow (rudiment) filled with comb meat in chickens without a comb ( Breda ).
Nasal saddle: superficial of the widened nostrils in crested fowl .
Cusps: spikes , which interfere with the desired regular averaged einfachkämmigen races.
Negro eye: Name for blackish iris, which is surrounded by a dark-colored ring.
Negro face: Blackish instead of red complexion .
Carnation ridge: See bead ridge .
Nerve markings: light, narrow keel markings in the plumage of wild-colored hues.
O
O-legs : the top outwardly asked walking legs , characterized pressed apart heel joints.
Upper color:
- On the whole the color of the visible part of the plumage;
- in Hannen the color of the mantle plumage.
Ear : Hearing organ covered with small feathers on both sides of the head.
Ear flaps: Red folds of skin folded up tightly.
Ear discs: wider and more rounded than ear flaps, smooth, white. Red faulty.
P
Chubby cheeks:
- Whiskers ;
- former name of the Thuringian Barthühner .
Pearl eye: very light, ivory or whitish irises.
Pearls:
- the white polka dots in the case of porcelain hues;
- the white pearls in the plumage of the guinea fowl;
- the individual flesh warts of the rose comb .
Perlfeld: Drawing of the lower and side plumage in wild-colored drakes.
Whip tail : Long, narrowly set tail with narrow control feathers and narrow sickles.
Pepper:
- Fine, small black dots, also known as trickling, in the feathers of the mantle and wing plumage in hens of the wild-colored and silver-wild-colored hues or blue dots in the blue variants.
- Faulty different colored dots, spots or speckles in single-colored feather parts.
Pigment : dye in the feathers , skin , legs , beak , toenails, and iris .
Plate: strongly flattened vertex in water fowl.
Pad: Well-developed, soft thigh plumage or well-developed, flared saddle plumage. (Breed characteristic e.g. in Cochin , but mostly incorrect).
Primary swing : See hand swing . Name derived from standards in English or French.
Proportion: Comparison of size or dimension relationships to one another.
Protuberance: Great elevation of the skull in crested hens ; faulty in tufted breeds .
Pupil : Round opening of the eye.
Pupil change: Not a circular pupil, but slit-shaped or torn at the edge.
Purple sheen : purple or reddish sheen on black plumage.
Cleaning: The removal of individual feathers to improve the appearance of the drawing by cutting the feather just above the skin.
Q
Cross saddle: depression on the back of the beak, typical of the breed e.g. B. at La Flèche and Houdan .
Pinch fold:
- In the case of the roof of the skull, thickening at the base of standing combs running in the same direction ;
- Ridge front at Altsteirer - and Sulmtalerhennen
Whorl hood : hood with tangled feathers pointing in all directions.
Houdan
Old Styrian hen
R.
Ramskopf: Incorrectly upwardly curved upper line of the beak in water fowl (exception: crooked billed ducks )
Roughness: Foot fletching of low density and length, only on the outside of the barrel and on the outside toe.
Trickle: see pepper
Rosenkamm: Comb made from a mass of meat that is firmly seated on the head and looks broadly squashed. The top is evenly covered with pearls . It runs out to the rear in a thorn that is differently shaped depending on the breed . A major mistake is the spike , which tapers sharply at the end of the comb and ends with a small bead, noticeably offset.
Rust: color between yellow-brown and dark red-brown; incorrect when stored in plumage of a different color; required for catfish buzzers and dwarf catfish buzzers .
Rotscheckig: Old name for the color red saddled.
Trunk: body without head, neck, wings and legs .
Soot: Defective, blackish staining all over the feather including the fluff .
S.
Saber wing: See tilt wing
Saw comb : standing comb with evenly sloping teeth.
Edging: Pen and ink drawing in which the edge has a different color than the pen field.
Saddle: Feather section between back and tail.
Saddle drapery : drapery feathers in the cock between the back and tail fletching.
Saddle stain : a different colored stain on the ducks beak.
Skull: Upper part of the head.
Shaft: The horny axis of the feather, on the sides of which the feather flags sit.
Shaft line: A narrow drawing field of a different color, following the course of the pen shaft on both sides.
Vertex:
- Upper limit of the head;
- Unwanted division of the feathers in a hood.
Thigh: In the standard, this means only the lower leg, as the thigh is hidden under the skin of the birds.
Scissor wings : Hand wings constantly crossed under the arm wings.
Reeds: White or gray spotty deposits in dark plumage.
Mold: White deposits on the red face.
Limp comb: comb with too thin comb sheet , which already falls at the base to a side.
Towing wing : Strongly developed hanging wing.
Trailing Tail : Tail lowered, the feathers almost touching or touching the ground; mostly flawed.
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Schlotterkamm: The hens' comb of the large-combed chickens, which falls to the side ; always mistakes with taps. Characteristic and determining the name of the Bergisch Schlotterkamm
Butterfly: Firmer and somewhat wider feathers in the front of full bonnets, mostly in different colors. Invisible cleaning is permitted here.
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Butterfly comb: Has the shape of two serrated leaves lying next to each other ( Houdan ; see comb of leaves )
Ornamental plumage: neck and saddle-hanging plumage in cocks.
Beak bean or nail : See bean or nail .
Beak pressure: In water fowl, the beak ridge is usually incorrectly bent.
Beak humps : breed characteristic of hump geese ; errors in other races.
Beak root : attachment of the beak.
Schnippe: See butterfly
Schopf: Small hood, only removed to the rear, little noticeable on taps. He sits up without a bump in his skull.
Shoulders: The upper part of the wing (upper arm), occupied by the small wing-top feathers .
Tail Locke: In drakes (except warts ducks ) two upturned tail feathers. The absence is considered a mistake.
Tail angle : angle between the back line and the top line of the tail.
Sword thorn: Combed thorn with flattened sides in rose- combed breeds.
Webbing : skin between the toes.
Silk feathers : feathers in which the ramifications do not form coherent flags, but are torn.
Side plumage: See suspension feathers
Sickles:
- Main sickles: the two upper large tail coverts of the rooster;
- Side sickles: Curved tail feathers of the cock that cover the control feathers.
Split breast : breast feathers or breast folds, mostly faulty.
Split wing : unnatural, larger gap between the hand and arm wings despite the presence of an axial spring.
Sparrow mark: coarser form of the stripes, slightly curved and the stripes not sharply defined.
Barrier wing : See bottom-hung wing .
Mirror: Different color of the arm wings in ducks.
Pointed hood: upright hood converging to a point at the top, the feathers mostly pointing forward.
Spur: Horn-like outgrowth on the inside of the barrel; Required for roosters, mostly incorrect for hens (for exceptions see double and multiple spurs ).
Mottling: Sharply marked, differently colored transverse bands on the main silver-white, golden-brown or yellow color.
Plug thorn: In the case of rose combs , the thorn is hidden in a fold of skin.
Standing comb: See single comb
Steep tail : Tail position in which the control feathers strive almost vertically upwards.
Tail plumage: tail plumage in water fowl.
Control feathers : The actual tail feathers.
Frontal bone: anterior border of the skull between the eye sockets and the attachment of the upper beak (clearly pronounced in crested chickens with raised nostrils or transverse saddles .)
Stubble: Individual springs on the runs of races, in which smooth runs are required.
Shock spring: tail plumage in ducks.
Sole: bottom of the foot. For some breeds, a certain coloring is required.
Stripes: Each feather alternates as evenly as possible, several times black and sharply set off, delicate lead-gray or light-gray cross-stripes. The stripes are straight. The end of the spring is always black.
Dashed lines: part of the drawing in female silver-colored ducks.
Straw color: matte, light yellow; flawed.
Strupfedern: Loose springs with a backward curvature.
Supporting folding: vertically extending folds in the lower portion of the comb blade of taps at großkämmigen races.
Gauntlets: See Vulture Heel
T
Pocket thorn : See Steckdorn
Colorful: the cock and hen are almost the same color. The plumage is 50% light red-brown and 25% black and white evenly distributed.
Carrying feathers: Lateral body plumage in water fowl; protects the wings from getting wet while swimming.
Trapezoidal shape: Name for the shape deviating from the classic square shape in z. B. the German salmon chickens , in which the rump extends deeper.
Staircase: final drawing of the arm swing in turkeys and some color variations in chickens and bantams.
Dry head: Narrow, slender, long-faced head without cheeks and tightly fitting plumage.
Drop markings : black or blue markings similar to polka dots under the neck hangings in breeds with Columbia markings .
Polka dot drawing: another colored spot at the end of the pen.
Type: overall appearance of an animal from body shape, posture, head points, stance and tail shape and posture.
U
Transition: The connection between the back and the tail formed by the saddle plumage.
Lower plumage: hidden part of the plumage; mostly the downy plumage is meant.
V
V-shaped crest: horn crest in which the two horns are V-shaped.
Full beard: Oblong, round, undivided beard that usually forms paws on the sides. (Typical of the breed in Thuringian bearded chickens).
Vorfleisch: thicker meat wart between the upper bill and the base of the comb ; the same applies also in the otherwise loose comb Padua formers at the base of the upper beak.
Anterior ridge: part of the ridge before the first point.
Pre-hem : The fine hem in front of the actual hem, usually in the color of the middle field of the feather; almost always faulty.
Vorwamme: When geese sideways in front of the runs prominent skin fold; flawed.
W.
Cylinder shape : Laterally rounded body shape, which is underlined by convex wings and built-in wing bow.
Dewlap : See belly , double , throat dewlap .
Soft plumage : See suspension feathers .
Winding comb:
- Incorrect comb location at too soft comb blade , wherein the comb until after the one and then is folded over to the other side;
- in hens the Altsteirer and Sulmtaler breed characteristics.
Cube shape: body that is in height. Length and width are almost the same.
Wulstkamm: flesh knot on the front skull without a rear outlet. Behind not protruding beyond the eye.
X
X-legs : In hock closely next lower legs and runs .
Z
Pip: When standing ridge on the comb blade seated tips; with rose combs faulty, too long and pointed pearls.
Cones: Meat cones on the forehead of the turkey.
Toenail: See nail .
Rein: See eye line .
literature
- Association of German Pedigree Poultry Breeders : Compendium of various specialist terms from pedigree poultry breeding with a focus on chickens, large poultry and water fowl. ( online, PDF file, 3.5 MB )
- Association of allotment gardeners, settlers and small animal breeders (ed.): Standard for large and water fowl, chickens, bantams. o. J., Technical terms for the uniform use in the evaluation of large and waterfowl, chickens and bantams. Pp. 15-24
-
Fritz Schöne : Advice on keeping chickens. 1st edition. Neumann Verlag Leipzig, Radebeul 1986, ISBN 3-7402-0005-7 , from it:
- Some information on the external identification of the chickens, pp. 60–63.
- Technical terms used by chicken farmers, pp. 64–66.