Dorog
| Dorog | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State : | Hungary | ||||
| Region : | Central Transdanubia | ||||
| County : | Komárom-Esztergom | ||||
| Small area until December 31, 2012 : | Dorog | ||||
| District since 1.1.2013 : | Esztergom | ||||
| Coordinates : | 47 ° 43 ' N , 18 ° 44' E | ||||
| Height : | 142 m | ||||
| Area : | 11.55 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 12,112 (Jan. 1, 2011) | ||||
| Population density : | 1,049 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+36) 33 | ||||
| Postal code : | 2510 | ||||
| KSH kódja: | 10490 | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2013) | |||||
| Community type : | city | ||||
| Mayor : | János Tittmann ( MSZP ) | ||||
| Postal address : | Bécsi út 71 2510 Dorog |
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| Website : | |||||
| (Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal ) | |||||
Dorog ( German Drostdorf ) is a Hungarian city in Esztergom County in Komárom-Esztergom County . It is located 38 km northwest of Budapest .
history
The valley between the Pilis Mountains and the Gerecse Mountains has been a populated area since the Neolithic Age. The Roman military road from Aquincum (now Budapest ) to the western provinces ran here. During excavations, a Roman villa with a hypocaust , remains of a water pipe, a milestone and a sarcophagus and many other finds came to light. After the conquest ( honfoglalás ) the Hungarian royal residence was built in nearby Esztergom (German Gran ), but the queen's cooks lived in Dorog. In the Middle Ages , the settlement was the junction of the roads connecting the four cardinal points, where the Esztergom cathedral chapter was entitled to levy customs duties. In 1181 the name of the place was first mentioned in documents as Durug , Drug , Durugd .
During the Turkish occupation , Dorog was destroyed, between 1542 and 1649 it was considered uninhabited. In the following years, German settlers arrived in three waves of immigration , which were later joined by the returning Hungarian residents. The development of the 20th century then attracted miners from Bohemia , Moravia and the vicinity of Petrozsény (Hungary, now Romania), who all contributed to the creation of the diversity of the local culture. Around 1700 the settlement became a traffic junction again. Frequent guests of the stagecoach station were u. a. the linguist Ferenc Kazinczy , the magnate and politician István Széchenyi and Baron Miklós Wesselényi . The number of houses and alleys around the baroque style Catholic church, built from 1767 to 1775 , increased steadily.
The first written contract for coal mining in Dorog was signed in 1845 between the Esztergom cathedral chapter and the mine directors Ferenc Wasshuber and József János Jülke. From this time on, well-known personalities such as the mining engineer Vilmos Zsigmondy (1821–1888), the geologist Miksa Hantken (1821–1893) and the mining engineers Heinrich Drasche (1811–1880) and Sándor Schmidt (1882) worked on the further development of coal mining in Dorog –1953), under whose proper management more and more productively exploited shafts were opened. Around 1900, Dorog became the center of the brazier (1911). The city is connected to the capital by a railway line (Budapest-Esztergom suburban railway ); Coal transport on Danube ships is also possible.
In the first decades of the 20th century, a miners' colony, a workers' hostel, a Protestant miners' church in the Transylvanian style, two new schools, a kindergarten, a modern hospital, a casino and apartments for the senior miners, a community hall and the memorial for the fallen were built the First World War and the sports facility, largely based on plans by the architect Zoltán Gáthy. Jenő Buzánszky and Gyula Grosics , who became Olympic champions as members of the legendary Aranycsapat, began their careers in Dorog .
population
| Population development and ethnic groups | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | Magyars | German | Slovaks | Other | |||
| 1880 | 1,163 | 117 | 10.1% | 922 | 79.3% | 81 | 7.0% | 43 |
| 1890 | 1,363 | 185 | 13.6% | 1.102 | 80.6% | 65 | 4.8% | 11 |
| 1900 | 1,966 | 477 | 24.3% | 1,369 | 69.3% | 55 | 2.8% | 65 |
| 1910 | 1,949 | 699 | 35.9% | 1,202 | 61.7% | 40 | 2.1% | 8th |
| 1920 | 3,943 | 1,889 | 47.9% | 1,810 | 45.9% | 165 | 4.2% | 79 |
| 1930 | 5,863 | 4,768 | 81.3% | 1.012 | 17.3% | 43 | 40 | |
| 1941 | 8,182 | 7,084 | 86.6% | 1,060 | 13.0% | 13 | 25th | |
| 1949 | 8,855 | 8,740 | 98.7% | 73 | 0.8% | 26th | 16 | |
| 1960 | 9,994 | 9,802 | 98.1% | 146 | 1.5% | 24 | 22nd | |
| 1980 | 11,844 | 11,807 | 99.7% | 17th | 0.1% | 4th | 16 | |
| 1990 | 12,798 | 12,528 | 97.9% | 50 | 0.4% | 23 | 197 | |
| 2001 | 12,609 | 12,019 | 95.3% | 524 | 4.2% | 79 | 179 | |
Town twinning
-
Wendlingen am Neckar , Germany , since 1998 -
Žirany (Zsére), Slovakia , since 1998 -
Marienberg , Germany , since 2009
-
Feliceni , Romania , since 2013
Attractions
- Mining Museum ( Bányász Emlékház )
- Mary's Grotto ( Mária-barlang )
- Reformed Church, built in the 1930s
- Szent Borbála ( Bányásztemplom ) Roman Catholic Church , built in the 1920s
- Roman Catholic Church Szent József , built 1767–1775 (Baroque)
- Sports Museum ( Sportmúzeum )
traffic
Roads No. 10, No. 111 and No. 1106 meet in Dorog. The city is connected to the railway line from Budapest West Railway Station to Esztergom.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Lajos Kovács: Dorog, publisher: Dorog Municipal Administration, ISBN 963-03-3987-0
- ↑ András Klinger (Redakt.): Magyarország Történeti statisztikai helységnévtára, 6. Komárom-Esztergom megye, Budapest, 1995, p. 56, ISBN 963-215-094-5 (Hungarian)
Web links
- Dorog in A Pallas nagy lexikona ( Hungarian )