Elbling

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Elbling
Synonyms see section synonyms
Elbling
Art Grape vine ( Vitis vinifera subsp. Vinifera )
Berry color green
use
origin Germany, Upper Rhine Valley
VIVC no. 3865
ancestry

Cross between
Heunischl × Traminer seedling

List of grape varieties

The Elbling (from Latin albus , white) is a white wine variety . Already cultivated by the Romans in the Moselle region , it was also the most common German grape variety until the Middle Ages, but from the 17th century onwards it was more and more replaced by the Riesling and Silvaner varieties . As a rich grape carrier , it used to be popular with those who had to pay tithing in wine. The grape results in an uncomplicated, dry and unadulterated white wine , which is also excellent for making sparkling winesuitable. The Elbling wine is more acidic (→ acidity (wine) ) than most of the new varieties , it tastes tangy and fruity.

origin

The White Elbling is one of the oldest grape varieties in Germany and, like the White R Noiseling, probably originated in the Rhine Valley . Because of the linguistic similarity of the synonyms Alben and Elben with the Latin words Albuelis , Albuelos and Vitis alba , the idea arose that the Romans had brought the Elbling to the Rhine via Gaul in the 4th century at the latest . In fact, Pliny the Elder and Columella mentioned Vitis alba in their writings in the 1st century AD . On the other hand, the synonyms Allemand, Raisin blanc des Allemands or Rheinelbe rather indicate a German origin. According to Marcel Aeberhard, the 'Elbling' was mentioned under the name of "Elseser" in a court charter of the Swiss monastery in Engelberg in the 13th century . The note concerned a vineyard on a fiefdom in Wingreis on Lake Biel . Hieronymus Bock mentions the variety in his Kreutterbuch in 1577 .

The Elbling is a spontaneous cross of two varieties with Heun and Franconian parts. Weißer Heunisch could be identified without a doubt as the Heunisch variety . As a Franconian variety, it is a Traminer seedling (the genetics of the Riesling is also from Heunisch - the other parent is also a Traminer seedling).

Ampelographic varietal characteristics

  • The shoot tip is open. It is woolly hairy with a slightly reddish tinge. The yellowish, slightly bronze-colored young leaves are densely hairy on the underside.
  • The large leaves are rounded, either not curved or three-lobed and only slightly curved. The stem bay is closed or even overlapped. The sheet is serrated. The leaf surface (also called blade) is blistered and rough.
  • The cylindrical grape is medium-sized and has dense berries. The elongated berries are medium-sized and light green to yellow-green in color.

The Elbling sprouts medium early. As a result, it usually avoids any spring frosts and thrives in medium-good locations.

The Elbling is an old cultivar. Although it is sensitive to late frost, it gets along well with significantly less nitrogen than other vines. The vines can reach a very old age and already have thigh-thick trunks after 40 to 50 years.

Breeds

So far, the Elbling has hardly been used to breed new grape varieties. Christian Oberlin crossed the Elbling with Riesling for Elbriesling. The Red Elbling is a red-grape mutation of the White Elbling and is classified as a white wine. The color is light red to salmon.

Black and blue Elbling are not variants of the Elbling, but varieties of the Trollinger .

distribution

Germany

The main cultivation areas of the Elbling are Mosel-Saar-Ruwer and Sauer , but on the Moselle almost exclusively above Trier , i.e. on the upper reaches of the Moselle , e.g. B. in Nittel with 75% cultivation area, (but not on the lower reaches of the Saar ), where there is more limestone than slate . Other larger cultivation locations are Palzem , Kreuzweiler , Dilmar , Esingen , Helfant , Bilzingen , Wincheringen , Söst , Rehlingen , Köllig , Onsdorf , Wellen , Temmels , Tawern , Fellerich , Oberbillig , Wasserliesch ; on the left side of the Moselle Igel , Liersberg , Wasserbilligerbrück , Langsur , Mesenich (Langsur) , Grewenich and Metzdorf . In addition, even larger plantings are known in Baden and Saxony . Likewise on the lower Moselle in the village of Bremm with approx. 10 ha.

The cultivation area in Luxembourg , where it is called Rhäifrensch , covers 115.9 hectares (as of 2008). This corresponds to 9% of the total cultivation area.

In Germany in 2007, 580 hectares (= 0.6% of the vineyard area) were planted with the 'Elbling' grape variety. In 2006, 583 hectares of cultivated area were still planted, after 1043 hectares were surveyed in 1999.

The worldwide cultivation area is 937 ha.

Wine region Area ha
Ahr -
to bathe below 0.5
Francs below 0.5
Hessian mountain road -
Middle Rhine below 0.5
Moselle 570
Near below 0.5
Palatinate below 0.5
Rheingau -
Rheinhessen 2
Saale-Unstrut below 0.5
Saxony 8th
Stargarder Land below 0.5
Württemberg -
TOTAL Germany 2007 580

Other countries

There are small areas in Alsace and Lorraine, Luxembourg and Switzerland (Canton Bern and Basel-Landschaft).

Synonyms

'Aelbinen', 'Albana' (used in Italy, but not to be confused with the Albana variety ), 'Albe', 'Alben', 'Albich', 'Albig', 'Albuelin', 'Albuelis', 'Allemand', 'Allemand Blanc', 'Allemand Facun', 'Alsacien', 'Alva', 'Argentin', 'Biela Zrebnina', 'Bielovacka', 'Bielovcka', 'Bielowaczkai', 'Blesec', 'Blesez', 'Bourgeois' , 'Burgauer', 'Burgeger', 'Burgegger', 'Burger', 'Burger Blanc', 'Burger Elbling', 'Burgundertstrich Gruen', 'Burgyre', 'Dickelbling', 'Dickweiss',' Elbai Feher ',' Elbe ',' Elbele ',' Elben ',' Elben Feher ',' Elben Weiss', 'Elben Weisse', 'Elber', 'Elbinger', 'Elbling', 'Elbling Blanc', 'Elbner', 'Elmene' , 'Elsaesser', 'Facan', 'Facum', 'Facun', 'Facun Blanc', 'Farantbily', 'Faucun', 'Fauler Elsasser', 'Frankenthal Blanc', 'Gemeine Traube', 'Slaughtered Burger', 'Gonais Blanc', 'Gouais Blanc', 'Grausilber', 'Grobburger', 'Grobe', 'Grobe Aus Oesterreich', 'Grobes',' Grobriesling ',' Gros Blanc ',' Grossburger ',' Grosselbele ',' Grossriesler ',' Grossriesling ',' Grunsilber ', 'Hartalbe', 'Haussard', 'Herblink', 'Heunisch Gruen', 'Isodora Brachybus', 'Klaemmer', 'Kleinbeer', 'Kleinbeere', 'Kleinberger', 'Kleinburger', 'Klember', 'Klemmer', 'Klemplich', 'Knoller', 'Kratkopeccelj', 'Kratkopecelj', 'Kristaller', 'Kristeller', 'Kurzstieler', 'Kurzstingel', 'Kurzstingl', 'Kurzstingler', 'Le Gros',' Luttenbershna ',' Marmont Vert ',' Marmot ',' Mehlweisse ',' Morawka ',' Mouillet ',' Naesslinger ',' Nuernberger Zaeh ',' Nuesslinger ',' Pecek ',' Pezhech ',' Pezhek ',' Plant Commun ', 'Plant Madame', 'Raesslinger', 'Raifrench', 'Raisin Blanc Des Allemands', 'Rauhelbene', 'Reinfransch', 'Rheinalben', 'Rheinelbe', 'Sauer-Grobes', 'Debt payer', 'Seretonina', 'Silberweiss', 'Silvaner Weiss', 'Spizelbe', 'Srebonina', 'Srebrnina Bijela', 'Suessgrober', 'Suessgrobes', 'Sussgrober', 'Tarant Bily', 'Tarant De Boheme', 'Verdin Blanc', 'Vert Blanc', 'Vert Doux', 'Vodenjak', 'Weisalben', 'Weiselber', 'Weissalbe', 'Weisselbe', 'Weisselbling', 'Weisser', 'Weisser Dickelbling', 'Weisser Elben ',' Weisser Elbling ',' Weisser Sylvaner ',' Weissstock ',' Welsche ',' Welschel ',' Ysele '.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erika Maul: On the origin of old grape varieties. In: fruit growing and viticulture. Swiss magazine for fruit and wine growing. Vol. 142, No. 6, 2006, ISSN  1023-2958 , pp. 6–9, ( digitized version (PDF; 792.75 kB) ( Memento of the original from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link became automatic inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.agroscope.admin.ch
  2. ↑ Marcel Aeberhard: History of the old grape varieties. A historical-ampelographic review. Aarcadia-Verlag, Solothurn 2005, ISBN 3-908579-04-X .
  3. ↑ Ferdinand Regner , Alexandra Stadlbauer, Cornelia Eisenheld: Heunisch × Fränkisch, an important gene pool of European grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L sativa). In: The wine science. Vol. 53, No. 3, 1998, ISSN  0375-8818 , pp. 114-118.
  4. ^ Association of Friends of Elbling Wine Obermosel eV, Nittel ( Memento of the original from November 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.elblingfreunde.de
  5. ^ German Wine Institute : Statistics 2008/2009 . Mainz 2008 ( deutscheweine.de ( memento from March 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 454 kB ]).
  6. ^ German Wine Institute : Statistics 2007/2008 . Mainz 2007 ( deutscheweine.de ( memento from September 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 430 kB ]).
  7. ↑ German Wine Institute : Statistics 2004/2005 . Mainz 2004 ( deutscheweine.de ( memento from September 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 777 kB ]).
  8. ↑ K. Anderson, NR Aryal: Database of Regional, National and Global Winegrape Bearing Areas by Variety, 2000 and 2010, Wine Economics Research Center, University of Adelaide, December 2013 (first revision April 2014) (second revision May 2014) (third revision July 2014).
  9. ↑ Descriptive list of varieties of the Federal Plant Variety Office 2008 (PDF; 519 kB)
  10. ↑ 10 December 2015 Elbling in the database Vitis International Variety Catalog of the Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (English)