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City of Witzenhausen
Coordinates: 51 ° 21 ′ 23 " N , 9 ° 49 ′ 2" E
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Height : | 137 m above sea level NHN |
Area : | 11.04 km² |
Residents : | 1011 (Dec 2015) |
Population density : | 92 inhabitants / km² |
Incorporation : | 1st January 1974 |
Postal code : | 37217 |
Area code : | 05542 |
Ermschwerd is a district of Witzenhausen in the Werra-Meißner district in North Hesse .
Geographical location
Ermschwerd is located on the northeastern edge of the Kaufunger Forest and in the north of the geo-nature park Frau-Holle-Land (Werratal.Meißner.Kaufunger Wald) . It is located 3.2 km northwest of the city center of Witzenhausen and 13.4 km southeast of the city center of Hann. Mouths ; the nearest large cities are Göttingen, 21.2 km north-northeast, and Kassel, 22.8 km west-southwest .
After flowing through Ermschwerd, the Hungershäuserbach flows into the Weser source river Werra coming from the southeast . The castle hill ( 215.2 m above sea level ) is located southeast of the village . The castle of Ermschwerd stood on it . The Witzenhausen-Burgberg glider airfield is located on its southern slope .
Ermschwerd includes the settlements of Stiedenrode , which is about 2 km to the north-west, and Freudenthal , which is 1 km to the northeast - on the other side of the Werra.
history
The first written mention of the place dates back to the year 833 under the name "encouragement value". Below the settlement there was a ford through the Werra.
On December 11, 1022, Emperor Heinrich II visited Ermschwerd (Erminswerder), as a stopover on a journey between Paderborn and Kaufungen , and held royal court there, presumably at Ermschwerd Castle . In his entourage were among others the Archbishop Aribo of Mainz, the Bishops Werner I of Strasbourg, Adalbald II of Utrecht, Meinwerk of Paderborn and various counts.
The place was probably wholly or partly owned by the Abbey of Fulda , various nobles so fief , including the Lords of Hanstein . In 1350 they sold the village to the Lords of Berlepsch , who thus became Fulda feudal people. Soon afterwards, in 1461, the village came into the possession of the Landgraviate of Hesse .
In 1486 it came as an accessory to the Ziegenberg Castle , which had previously been pledged several times to various pledge holders , with this as pledge from Landgrave Ludwig I for 1900 guilders to his court servant Georg von Buttlar (1408–1489). His son Georg received the Ziegenberg Castle with all accessories as a man fief in 1494, waiving the pledge . The widow of Georg's son Erasmus (Asmus) von Buttlar (1495–1541), Margarethe von Boineburg called von Honstein (1503–1554), was the builder of the castle-like mansion on the estate in Ermschwerd , probably around her youngest son Heimbrod von Buttlar (1541–1609), who was born just a few months before his father's death, to create a suitable residence. Heimbrod received the estate Ermschwerd and shares in the neighboring Buttlarschen estates Stiedenrode and Freudenthal as well as in Elberberg and Laubach when the paternal inheritance was finally divided in March 1571 ; he became the progenitor of the Ermschwerder or Elberberger line of the Buttlar family. His descendants remained in possession of the estate and most of the village until 1813, in which the Wilhelmitenkloster Witzenhausen also owned property.
The place belonged to the Hessian office Ludwigstein / Witzenhausen until 1821 and then to the district of Witzenhausen . During the French occupation, the place belonged to the canton of Witzenhausen in the Kingdom of Westphalia (1807-1813).
The municipality of Ermschwerd was incorporated into Witzenhausen on January 1, 1974 as part of the Hessian regional reform by virtue of state law .
Population development
Source: Historical local dictionary
• 1466: | 25 house seats |
• 1575: | 56 house seats |
• 1681: | 45 house seats |
• 1747: | 72 teams with 77 fireplaces |
Ermschwerd: Population from 1834 to 2015 | ||||
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year | Residents | |||
1834 | 811 | |||
1840 | 837 | |||
1846 | 832 | |||
1852 | 793 | |||
1858 | 730 | |||
1864 | 750 | |||
1871 | 684 | |||
1875 | 706 | |||
1885 | 640 | |||
1895 | 640 | |||
1905 | 656 | |||
1910 | 634 | |||
1925 | 658 | |||
1939 | 796 | |||
1946 | 1,056 | |||
1950 | 1,051 | |||
1956 | 895 | |||
1961 | 895 | |||
1967 | 868 | |||
1970 | 882 | |||
2015 | 1.011 | |||
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Further sources:; 2015: |
Religious affiliation
Source: Historical local dictionary
• 1885: | 649 Protestant (= 98.63%), one Roman Catholic resident |
• 1925: | 292 Protestant (= 91.25%), 26 Catholic (= 8.12%) residents |
• 1961: | 754 Protestant (= 84.25%), 122 Catholic (= 13.63%) residents |
Personalities
- Theodor Neubauer (1890-1945) was a German parliamentarian ( KPD ) and resistance fighter .
Culture and sights
Ermschwerd Castle
In 1551 the Ermschwerd Castle was built. A sandstone staircase leads to a renaissance portal , above which the coats of arms of those of Buttlar and von Boyneburg can be seen. Today there are four apartments, a kindergarten and a large hall for events within the building.
Village church
The village church, evangelical since the Reformation, is not far from the castle "in the churchyard", which was probably walled in earlier times. After extensive construction work in the 1960s, only a small part of the old church remains today, which is used as a winter church. Before it was rebuilt and rebuilt, it consisted of a Romanesque choir tower with a half-timbered structure and slated hood from the 17th century and a nave, which was expanded in the late Gothic period and especially in the 17th century.
Web links
- Ermschwerd district on the website of the city of Witzenhausen.
- Ermschwerd, Werra-Meißner district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Literature on Ermschwerd in the Hessian Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Ermschwerd, Werra-Meißner district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of September 19, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ a b district of Ermschwerd on the website of the city of Witzenhausen, accessed in October 2018.
- ↑ Georg Landau: The Hessian knight castles and their owners, Volume 4. Bohné, Kassel, 1839, p. 317.
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Eschwege and Witzenhausen (GVBl. II 330-21) of September 28, 1973 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1973 No. 25 , p. 353 , § 10 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 410 .
- ^ Castle Ermschwerd