Ernesto Teodoro Moneta

Ernesto Teodoro Moneta (1907)

Ernesto Teodoro Moneta (born September 20, 1833 in Milan ; † February 10, 1918 there ) was an Italian publicist and politician. For his engagement in the Lombard Peace League " Unione Lombarda per la Pace e l'Arbitrariato " , of which he was the founder and president, he received the 1907 Nobel Peace Prize .

biography

Ernesto Teodoro Moneta was born in Milan in 1833 as the son of an ironmonger and had ten siblings. He was raised patriotically by his parents . The popular unrest against the Austrian occupation began in 1847, and in 1848 Moneta took part in the Milan uprising . In 1859 he joined the Alpine regiment with five of his brothers and in 1860 he fought for Giuseppe Garibaldi in Calabria as an adjutant to his general, where he fought , among other things, in the Battle of Volturno and the capture of Gaeta . In 1866 he left the army after the lost battle at Custoza and became editor of the Milanese newspaper " Il Secolo " .

In 1870 his commitment to the Italian peace movement began . In 1878 Moneta founded the “Lega di Liberta, Fratellanze e Pace” in response to the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina , but it remained insignificant. In 1887 he was the founder of the Lombard Peace League "Unione Lombarda per la Pace e l'Arbitrariato" , which quickly became the most important peace organization in Italy. In 1890 he built up the editorial team of the annual association magazine “Almenace della Pace” , and one year later he became president of the organization. He also organized the Conference of the Italian Peace Societies in 1891 and was subsequently present at most of the European peace congresses. Through a pacifist propaganda exhibition organized by him in 1894, the movement received further support and in 1896, after the Battle of Adua , he brought a list of signatures with 120,000 names to the Italian government to settle the war, which he also enforced. In 1898 Moneta founded the biannual newspaper “ La Vita Internazionale ”, one of the most important pacifist newspapers in Europe.

In 1904 Moneta became the chairman of the first international peace congress in Turin , in 1907 he received the Nobel Peace Prize for his work, and he donated most of the prize money to the Unione Lombarda . In 1911 Moneta came under criticism for his support for a war of conquest by the Italian troops in Turkey. During the First World War , he tried to encourage the Italian people, mainly through articles in his newspaper. Moneta died in his hometown of Milan in 1918.

Web links

Commons : Ernesto Teodoro Moneta  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Information from the Nobel Foundation on the 1907 award ceremony for Ernesto Teodore Moneta (English)
• Literature by and about Ernesto Teodoro Moneta in the catalog of the German National Library