Muhammad Yunus

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Muhammad Yunus (2006)
2013 at a lecture in Wiesbaden

Muhammad Yunus ( Bengali মুহাম্মদ ইউনুস Muhāmmad Iunus ; born June 28, 1940 in Chittagong ) is a Bengali economist . He is the founder and former managing director of the Grameen Bank, which grants microcredits , and thus one of the founders of the microfinance idea. In 2006 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Life

Muhammad Yunus, the third of nine children of a Muslim family, was born on June 28, 1940 in the town of Bathua in the Chittagong district of the former Bengal in India , now Bangladesh . His parents were the jeweler Hazi Dula Mia Shoudagar and Sufia Khatun. He spent his early childhood in his home village until the family moved to Chittagong City in 1944. There he attended the Lamabazar Primary School. He later passed the high school diploma at Chittagong Collegiate School and was among the top sixteen of 39,000 students in what was then East Pakistan . During his school days, Yunus was an active scout . He traveled to West Pakistan and India in 1952 and to Canada in 1955 to take part in Jamborees .

Yunus studied from 1966 with the help of a Fulbright scholarship at Vanderbilt University (USA). In 1969 he received his doctorate there in economics . From 1970 to 1972 he was Assistant Professor of Economics at Middle Tennessee State University in Tennessee , USA. In 1972 he got a professorship at Chittagong University in Bangladesh. From 1976 he was project manager of a development project at the university from which the Grameen Bank emerged . He became Managing Director of the bank, which was finally founded in 1983. Since 1996 he has advised the government of Bangladesh.

As managing director of the Grameen Bank, Yunus was dismissed in March 2011 for reasons of age; he took legal action against his dismissal without success. In this context, he accused the government of Bangladesh of wanting to bring the Grameen Bank under its control. The bank would become a government organization and its life's work would be jeopardized by mismanagement, inefficiency and the pursuit of profit.

Since March 2010, Yunus can be seen in the documentary The 4th Revolution - EnergyAutonomy .

In 2011, Yunus sat on a jury consisting of renowned public figures who were involved in the selection of the universal logo for human rights .

In October 2012, Yunus Chancellor joined the Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland.

Yunus is married and has two daughters.

Awarded the Carl Theodor Prize 2016 to Muhammad Yunus.jpg

Awards

Yunus has now received honorary doctorates from numerous universities around the world . In 1984 he received the Ramon Magsaysay Prize , 1987 the Shadhinata Padak , 1994 World Food Prize , 1995 the Freedom Prize of the Max Schmidheiny Foundation , 1996 the Simón Bolívar Prize of UNESCO , 1997 the Planetary Consciousness Prize and 1998 the Sydney Peace Prize and Prince- of Asturias Prize , the Seoul Peace Prize in 2006 , the Vision Award in 2007 . He is also a founding member of the Global Academy of Ashoka , an international organization by and for social entrepreneurs and member of the Board of Trustees of the German Foundation Entrepreneurship . He and the bank he founded were awarded the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize in equal parts for promoting economic and social development from below . After Rabindranath Tagore and Amartya Sen, he is the third Bengal to be awarded a Nobel Prize. In 2008 he was awarded the Corine Future Prize for his book Defeating Poverty . In 2009 he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Bayreuth Model Prize from the bayreuther dialoge. In 2010, Yunus gave the keynote address to the senior class of Duke University , which awarded him an honorary doctorate "Doctor of Humane Letters". In 2016, his commitment to greater fairness in education was recognized with the Carl Theodor Prize of the Rhine-Neckar metropolitan region .

Concept social enterprise

Muhammad Yunus at the Woodstock stop in 2014

According to Yunus' ideas, “the structure of capitalism must be completed” through the introduction of social enterprises . The purpose of these companies should not be to maximize profits , but to solve social and environmental problems. "If you take off your profit-maximizing glasses and take on social glasses, you see the world from a different perspective, " he said. If a profit is made, it will be reinvested in the company. The shareholders do not earn anything, but they can get their capital back over time. Such an investment is attractive for people who want to do good, of which there are many, according to Yunus' conviction.

Works

  • Another capitalism is feasible. How social business eradicates poverty, eradicates unemployment and promotes sustainability. With the work of Karl Weber . Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2018, ISBN 978-3-579-08715-3 (English: A World of Three Zeros. The New Economies of Zero Poverty, Zero Unemployment, and Zero Net Carbon Emissions . Translated by Monika Ottermann).
  • Social business. From vision to action . Hanser, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-446-42351-0 (English: Building Social Business . Translated by Werner Roller).
  • Conquer poverty . Hanser, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-446-41236-1 (English: Creating a world without poverty . Translated by Stephan Gebauer).
  • For a world without poverty . The autobiography of the Nobel Peace Prize Laureate. Lübbe, Bergisch Gladbach 2006, ISBN 978-3-404-28513-6 (French: Vers un monde sans pauvreté . Translated by Helmut Mennicken).

literature

  • Peter Spiegel : Muhammad Yunus - Banker of the Poor. The Nobel Peace Prize Laureate; his life, his vision, his impact . Herder-Verlag, Freiburg im Breisgau, Basel, Vienna 2006, ISBN 978-3-451-05880-6 .

Web links

 Wikinews: Muhammad Yunus  - on the news
Commons : Muhammad Yunus  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Nobel laureate Yunus takes action against his dismissal in: NZZ Online from March 9, 2011
  2. ^ Spiegel online on May 13, 2011: Resignation as bank manager. Nobel laureate Yunus gives up. Retrieved July 26, 2011 .
  3. ^ Süddeutsche Zeitung on June 24, 2011: Interview. Retrieved July 26, 2011 .
  4. ↑ https://www.humanrightslogo.net/sites/default/files/HRL_A2_Yunus.pdf
  5. ↑ Muhammad Yunus accepts Glasgow Caledonian University post . In: BBC News , July 1, 2012. 
  6. ↑ Early day motion 417 - MUHAMMAD YUNUS CHANCELLOR OF GLASGOW CALEDONIAN UNIVERSITY - UK Parliament
  7. ↑ Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation: Yunus, Muhammad ( Memento from October 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ UNESCO press release No. 1996-183e , last accessed: February 15, 2012
  9. ↑ The Advocate : Obama Extends Honors in Show of Unity ( Memento from August 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) , August 12, 2009 (English)
  10. ↑ Bayreuth Model Prize. In: bayreuther dialoge 2019. Retrieved on August 20, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Yunus, Muhammad
ALTERNATIVE NAMES ইউনুস, মুহাম্মদ (Bengali); Iunus, Muhāmmad
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bangladeshi economist
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1940
PLACE OF BIRTH Chittagong , Bangladesh