Essentuki

city Yessentuki Ессентуки flag coat of arms Federal district North Caucasus region Stavropol Urban district Essentuki mayor Larissa Pissarenko Founded 1825 City since 1917 surface 54  km² population 100,996 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1870 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 610  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 87934 Post Code 357600-357637 License Plate 26, 126 OKATO 07 410 Website http://adm-essentuki.ru/ Geographical location Coordinates 44 ° 2 '  N , 42 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 44 ° 2 '0 "  N , 42 ° 51' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in the Stavropol Territory

List of cities in Russia

Yessentuki , even Essentuki ( Russian Ессентуки ) is a city in Russia in the Stavropol region at the foot of the Caucasus . The population is 100,996 (as of October 14, 2010).

location

Essentuki is located west of Pyatigorsk on the Bolshoi Essentukjok not far from its confluence with the Podkumok , on the railway line that connects Mineralnye Vody with Kislovodsk .

history

One of the mud bath houses in Essentuki

In 1798 the Russian Empire established a military post in Essentuki. After Kislovodsk, located further south, was founded in 1803, Essentuki initially remained a Cossack settlement . Friedrich Haass examined the town's mineral water in 1810 and heralded the rise of Essentuki to a health resort . In 1839 the first bathing facility was built in the village, which has now been relocated around 3.5 km further to the northeast. The Vice-Regent in the Caucasus, Mikhail Voronzow, ordered the expansion of Essentuki and from the late 1840s onwards, bottling and shipping of the mineral water to all of Russia began. In 1883 5,000 spa guests were counted here, 13,000 in 1900 and 38,600 in 1913. The guests included u. a. Korolenko , Kuprin , Gorki , Balmont , Taneyev , Sergei Rachmaninow , Sergei Prokofiev , Fyodor Chalyapin , Vera Komissarschewskaja and Konstantin Stanislavski .

In 1917 Essentuki was granted city rights, but the facilities threatened to deteriorate due to the turmoil of the civil war . The reorganization began in 1920, a clinic opened in 1922, and six sanatoriums were added in 1925 for a total of 13,000 patients. During the Second World War , the city was occupied by the Germans from August 10, 1942 to January 11, 1943. After the war, the facilities were expanded so that today treatment options are available for over 200,000 patients. The population grew from 7,000 in 1926 to 48,000 in 1959 to over 100,000 today.

Population development

year	Residents
1926	7,000
1939	16,365
1959	48.101
1970	64,928
1979	77,686
1989	85,082
2002	81,758
2010	100,996
2017	107.104

Note: census data (1926 rounded)

Mineral springs

Of the numerous sources, around 20 are medically significant. Mention should be made of thermal springs with a temperature of 35–46 ° C as well as sources containing sodium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur. The mud of Lake Tambukan, 8 km southeast of Pyatigorsk , is also used for medical applications .

Together with Pyatigorsk , Kislovodsk and Zheleznovodsk , Yessentuki is one of the four North Caucasian mineral water health resorts (also known as Kawminwody ("Caucasian mineral water"); however - despite the name - Mineralnyje Vody , where there are no mineral water springs, is not one of them.

economy

The city is dominated by the food processing industry (in particular a canning factory, a dairy factory, a brewery and a meat processing factory) and the clothing industry.

Attractions

The oldest surviving building in the city is St. Nicholas Church from the 1820s, which was probably built by the Bernardazzis . The Kurortny or Glawny Park, which was laid out as a spa park and around which the majority of the sanatoriums are located, dates back to 1849 . To the north of it, towards the train station, there is a quarter laid out at the beginning of the 20th century with villas typical of the time. The modern Essentuki with the industrial facilities is located in Novyje Essentuki.

sons and daughters of the town

• Valentina Koslowskaja (* 1938), chess player
• Valerios Leonidis (* 1966), Greek weightlifter
• Ewklid Kjurdsidis (born 1968), actor
• Wassilissa Berschanskaja (* 1993), opera singer (mezzo-soprano)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

Web links

Commons : Essentuki  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• City administration website (Russian)
• Internet portal KMV-City for Essentuki, Pyatigorsk and the surrounding area (Russian)
• Essentuki on mojgorod.ru (Russian)