Evangelical Church (Griedel)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Church from the East
Church from the south

The Evangelical Church in Griedel , a district of Butzbach in the Wetteraukreis in Central Hesse , consists of a round, late Gothic choir tower from the 14th century and a two-aisled church, which was built in 1909–1911 in place of a previous medieval building based on plans by Heinrich Walbe . It shapes the townscape and is a Hessian cultural monument .

history

Gothic sacraments niche in the tower vault with the coat of arms of the Griedel landlords

Like the one in Ostheim, the Griedeler church was a branch church of the sending place Nieder-Weisel , but in 1265 it had its own pleban called Arnold, who was still in office in 1297. Because of this, a church is assumed around 1250, which was later extended by a side aisle. Tiles embedded around the tower door date from the Romanesque period and have the same pattern as tiles in a chapel from Eberbach monastery from the 12th century. This is the only evidence so far that there was possibly a church in Griedel before 1250. In 1344 it was elevated to an independent parish church. The pastor of the mother church initially retained the patronage until it passed to the local Johanniterkommende in 1356 . This exercised the collature until the abolition of the coming in 1809. In the pre-Reformation period the church had several altars, an altar of the Holy Cross and an altar of Our Lady as well as the altar of Peter. In 1327 at least two priests were already officiating in Griedel.

Ecclesiastically, under the patronage of Peter in the late Middle Ages , the church belonged to the dean's office in Friedberg in the archdeaconate of St. Maria ad Gradus in the archdiocese of Mainz to the district Niederweisel.

The tower was probably added to the church in the second half of the 14th century by donations from the Lords of Bellersheim and Kolnhausen . This explains the defensive character of the tower and the keystone with the Kolnhauser coat of arms.

With the introduction of the Reformation (1549 or earlier), the congregation accepted the Evangelical Lutheran creed. In the year 1539 a soul mass is celebrated for the last time and the word “ communion ” is mentioned for the last time on All Saints' Day in the church accounts books. This year the “communicants”, but not the entire congregation, will receive wine to celebrate the Lord's Supper. The term “Nachtmahl” only appears in the documents from 1567. In the minutes of a visit that was carried out in 1549 in the entire diocese of Mainz, it can be read that the pastor of Griedel, Petrus Dauernheim, was married and no longer celebrated mass according to the Roman rite . He no longer kept the sacraments in the church and he had abolished the Eternal Light . The parish changed to the Reformed creed in 1582, returned to the Lutheran in 1624 and finally adopted the Reformed creed in 1647.

Drawing of the church in the land register from 1770

The church was already in need of renovation around 1610; In 1614 the mayor asked for funds for a renovation. The church suffered damage in the Thirty Years War , so that in 1637 the services had to take place in Butzach. Extensive repair and renovation work followed between 1640 and 1642, the roof was repaired in 1645, and further renovations in 1653. From 1760 to 1774 schoolmaster Johannes Knoth and from 1774 to 1777 schoolmaster Reinhard Daniel Bingel were second pastors in Griedel, albeit with little spiritual competence. A church renovation was carried out during the term of office of Pastor Johann Adolf. Chance described the state of the church on the occasion of his inauguration as follows: “The church was more like a stable; dark and gloomy. Parts even threatened to collapse. ”In 1830 the tower was given a new helmet structure. Until then, the late Gothic pyramid helmet with four flanking wich houses was preserved. The Evangelicals from Rockenberg and Marienschloss were parished from Münzenberg to Griedel in 1841. From 1904/1905 they formed an independent parish that was affiliated to Griedel. A comprehensive interior renovation followed in 1888/1889.

Old church before 1911

After initial negotiations in 1898 about a renovation or a new building, the parish decided on September 20, 1909 to build a new church while retaining the tower. This happened against the multiple recommendation of the monument conservator Heinrich Walbe , according to which "the interior of the Griedeler church was the most picturesque and most comfortable church space in all of Upper Hesse". The community rejected the first building draft and insisted on an increase to 500 seats. After the government master builder Pfeiffer had submitted the revised construction plans based on Walbe's sketches on February 3, 2011, the old two-aisled church, which was still partly medieval, was torn down on February 27, 1911. When it was demolished, a figurative was made on the reveal of a bricked-up east window A depiction of St. John from the 14th century discovered, which was copied by the church painter Velte and transferred to a wall in the tower hall, but was whitewashed in the 1950s. The construction work was awarded on March 30, 1911. The foundation stone was laid on April 30th. The masonry was completed on June 10th. The new building of the two-aisled facility was inaugurated on December 10, 1911. The tower hall, which once served as a choir and into which stalls and galleries were later built, was freed from the fixtures and separated from the nave by an iron grating. The shape, equipment and painting of the new church are based on the medieval predecessor building, but on an enlarged floor plan. The total construction costs including demolition work and new organ construction amounted to 61,309 marks.

The parish has parish offices with Rockenberg and Oppershofen. It belongs to the Evangelical Deanery Wetterau in the provost of Upper Hesse of the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau .

architecture

View from the west of the nave
Tower vault

The church on the southeastern outskirts of the village is not exactly faces east , but facing northeast. The late Gothic tower from the 14th century is made of exposed stone masonry on a slight elevation. The nave from 1911 is a half-timbered building with white plaster .

It is regionally unusual that the choir tower is built up over a round floor plan. In earlier research, it was considered, the tower is older than the predecessor of today's nave or have freestanding keep the castle Griedel served. The uniform masonry with its Gothic tracery windows , however, suggests that it was built in the 14th century and that the tower was attached to an older nave. The well-fortified choir tower (8 meters in diameter) made of basalt and sandstone is integrated into the nave and cuts its gable roof , which is equipped with small dormers. The walls of the tower reach a thickness of 1.90 meters and a height of about 12 meters. The four-storey round tower is accessed today in the north through a portal with a segmented arch, which is followed by a pointed arched passage through the masonry. Originally, the pointed arched door from the tower hall led into a northern tower extension, which probably served as a sacristy . In the outer masonry, the remains of the vaulted caps point to a domed room and the remaining supporting stones to a low shed or pyramid roof. The ground floor is illuminated through two Gothic tracery windows made of black lung stone with three -pass and four-pass in the pointed arch. On an upper floor there is a small pointed arch window in the north and a window made of lung stone with a three-pass in the south-west. Otherwise the upper floors are windowless. On the south side a stone staircase leads to the rectangular entrance of the aisle. The completely slated, wooden spire from 1830 develops over six dormer windows with rectangular sound openings and triangular gables. Part of the old roof beam construction was taken over in 1830 and has been preserved at the level of the bell chamber. Curved pent roofs lead over to the small octagonal upper floor, which has small rectangular sound openings and the clock face to the north. A small pointed helmet is crowned by a tower knob, a cross and a gold-plated weathercock.

The low main nave is adjoined to the south by a side aisle, which is emphasized by two gables . Six tall rectangular windows on the north side and smaller rectangular windows in three zones on the south side provide light for the interior. In the far west of the north side and above the north portal as well as on the west side of the aisle there is a small oval window. Remnants of colored lead glass windows were taken from the previous building and integrated into two rectangular windows above the north portal. They are marked with the year 1653 and bear the names of the donors with explanatory verses. One shows Jacob's ladder , the other a shield between the figures of Justitia and Prudentia . The western gable side is windowless except for a small round window in the gable triangle. The church is accessed on the north and west side by a rectangular portal and on the south side by a round arched portal, all three of which have a slated canopy. The profiled north portal has console stones in the corners , which are decorated with masks. The door leaves are ironed. The profiled south portal from the Baroque period was taken over from the previous church.

Furnishing

Interior towards the choir
Ceiling paintings with the four evangelists

The interior of the main nave is closed off by a wooden barrel vault. Church painter Kienzle from Frankfurt am Main created the ceiling painting with tendril ornaments and six medallions for 900  Reichsmarks . According to an inscription in a medallion, Auguste Bender and her sons Daniel and Moritz donated the paintings. One medallion bears a biblical inscription, the others have representations of the four evangelists . The two tie bars are held in place by a hanging post. A staggered gallery is built into the flat-roofed south nave, which is continued on three sides as a simple gallery on the west and north sides of the main nave. The gallery rests on octagonal wooden posts with arches that include the south pore and support a girder there . The west gallery serves as the installation site for the organ. A high gallery on the east side gives access to the upper floors of the tower.

A pointed arch, over which the Bible verse from Mt 28.20  LUT is painted, opens the choir to the main nave. The tower hall with ribbed vaults above consoles probably served as a chancel in the past. The keystone is covered with the coat of arms of those of Kolnhausen. A sacramental niche from the late Gothic period (between 1419 and around 1458) has been preserved in the north-east wall, the rectangular niche of which is closed with an iron grille. The coats of arms of those of Bellersheim and Kolnhausen are affixed above a profiled keel arch, the coat of arms of those of Eppstein- Münzenberg above the crowning battlements . A small niche in the south wall is the remainder of a closet. Two larger ogival niches were probably used to accommodate three seats .

An iron grating is built into the choir arch that separates the two structures. In front of the arch there is a wooden table with turned feet as an altar. The polygonal pulpit without a sound cover rests on a wooden post and has a continuous, profiled cornice. The three narrow pulpit fields are decorated with tendrils, the two larger fields carry the Christ monogram XP and the biblical words from Lk 11,28  LUT . The parish chair with its barred diamondwork and flat carved crown under the south pore dates from the middle of the 18th century . The wooden church stalls leave a central aisle free and show painted tendril ornaments on the parapets.

The church has a triple bell. Before the world wars, the disposition was as follows:

No. Casting year Foundry, casting location
1 1730 Philipp Schweitzer , Werdorf
2 1792 Johann Peter Bach , Hungen
3 1856 Philipp Heinrich Bach, Windecken

According to the inscription on the big bell, Schweitzer rang a triple bell in 1730 and had married his wife that year.

The two smaller bells were lost in the world wars. Today's disposition, which forms a paternoster motif, is:

No. Casting year Foundry, casting location Chime
1 1730 Philipp Schweitzer, Werdorf as ′
2 1953 Gebr. Rincker , Sinn b ′
3 1953 Gebr. Rincker , Sinn c ″

organ

Organ behind the historical prospectus of Grieb (1673)
Decorations on the organ's right pointed tower

The organ builder Grieb from Griedel built the first organ in 1673. The baroque prospectus has been preserved. The instrument was rebuilt around 1750. The renovation is attributed to Johann Georg Dreuth , whose family continued the Grieb workshop. In the years 1769, 1780 and 1799 repairs are demonstrated by Friedrich Dreuth, more in the years 1807 and 1808. According to Adam Karl Bernhard , who in 1834 carried out a repair, the organ in 1722 was of Griedel in the Evangelical Church Hochelheim implemented , "A work that was already unusable at that time".

August Bernhard created a new interior for the new church behind the old Dreuth prospectus and rearranged the pedals. Ten registers are distributed over two manuals and pedal . The baroque prospectus has a raised central tower on a trapezoidal floor plan and two flanking pointed towers, which protrude from the flat area , as with the organs in Sichertshausen and Trais-Münzenberg . The four pilaster strips are decorated with gold-plated cords . The middle two carry pendants of fruit, the outer two colorful flowers. The openwork, flat-carved veil boards above the pipe fields show green tendrils with red flowers and colorful parrots, the side blind wings apples and the crowning attachments on the central tower a winged angel's head, over the pointed towers angels blowing trumpets and outside white doves in green bas-reliefs. The disposition is as follows:

I Manual C – f 3
Principal 8th'
Calm harmonique 8th'
Viola di gamba 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Doublette II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ +2 ′
II Manual C – f 3
Salicional 8th'
Dumped 8th'
Flauto dolce 4 ′
Pedal C – d 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Violon 8th'
Gedackt bass (from II) 8th'

literature

  • Rudolf Adamy: Art monuments in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. Province of Upper Hesse. Friedberg district. Arnold Bergstraesser, Darmstadt 1895, pp. 128-130 ( online ).
  • Dieter Bertram: The parish and its pastors since the Reformation. In: Dieter Bertram (ed.): The church in Griedel. History of the parish and its church. Butzbach 1986, pp. 29-64.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments . Hesse II. Darmstadt administrative district. Edited by Folkhard Cremer and Tobias Michael Wolf. 3rd edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03117-3 , pp. 377–378.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the sovereign lands and the acquired areas of Darmstadt. (= Hassia sacra , vol. 8). Self-published, Darmstadt 1935, pp. 160–163.
  • Wilhelm Diehl: Pastor and schoolmaster book for the Hessian-Darmstadt sovereign lands. (= Hassia sacra , vol. 4). Self-published, Darmstadt 1930, pp. 176–178.
  • Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 2nd Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1995, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 326.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.); Heinz Wionski (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hessen. Wetteraukreis II. Teilbd. 1. Bad Nauheim to Florstadt. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-528-06227-4 , pp. 398-399.
  • Gail Schunk-Larrabee: Fragments of History - Griedel in the Reformation. In: Butzbacher Geschichtsblätter. No. 158, 2001, pp. 37-40.
  • Ulrich Schütte (Ed.): Churches and synagogues in the villages of the Wetterau. (= Wetterau history sheets 53 ). Verlag der Bindernagelschen Buchhandlung, Friedberg (Hessen) 2004, ISBN 3-87076-098-2 , pp. 406-407.
  • Werner Wagner: The Protestant Church in Griedel. In: Butzbacher Geschichtsblätter. No. 159, 2001, p. 44.
  • Klaus-Jürgen Wetz: The church building in Griedel from 1911 as reflected in the political and social conditions of its time. Griedel 2011.
  • Dieter Wolf : From the building history of the old parish church (Griedel). In: Dieter Bertram (ed.): The church in Griedel. History of the parish and its church. Butzbach 1986, pp. 65-75.
  • Dieter Wolf: On the history of the parish of St. Peter (Griedel). In: Dieter Bertram (ed.): The church in Griedel. History of the parish and its church. Butzbach 1986, pp. 11-28.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Parish Church (Griedel)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Ev. Parish Church In: DenkXweb, online edition of Kulturdenkmäler in Hessen , accessed on July 5, 2019.
  2. ^ Wolf: On the history of the parish of St. Peter (Griedel). 1986, p. 15.
  3. ↑ New questions about the history of Griedel. In: Butzbacher Zeitung of March 3, 2017, p. 19.
  4. ↑ Griedel. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 5, 2019 .
  5. ↑ a b Diehl: Pastor and school master book. 1930, p. 160.
  6. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1935, p. 176.
  7. ^ Wolf: On the history of the parish of St. Peter (Griedel). 1986, pp. 18-19.
  8. ^ Wolf: On the history of the parish of St. Peter (Griedel). 1986, p. 13.
  9. ^ Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area. (= Writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 ). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, pp. 29-30.
  10. ^ Wolf: On the history of the parish of St. Peter (Griedel). 1986, p. 26.
  11. ↑ Schunk-Larrabee: Fragments of History. 2001, p. 39.
  12. ↑ Bertram: The parish and its pastors since the Reformation. 198, p. 32.
  13. ↑ Schütte (Ed.): Churches and synagogues in the villages of the Wetterau. 2004, p. 407.
  14. ^ Diehl: Pastor and schoolmaster book. 1930, pp. 160, 163.
  15. ^ Wetz: The church in Griedel. 2011, p. 5.
  16. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1935, p. 177.
  17. ↑ a b c State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.); Heinz Wionski (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hessen. Wetteraukreis II. 1999, p. 398.
  18. ^ Wetz: The church in Griedel. 2011, p. 13.
  19. ↑ Wolf: From the building history of the old parish church (Griedel). 1986, pp. 67-68 (with illustration).
  20. ↑ See the photos of the old church in: Wagner: The Evangelical Church in Griedel. 2001, p. 44.
  21. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1935, p. 178.
  22. ^ Wetz: The church in Griedel. 2011, p. 14.
  23. ↑ Evangelical Dean's Office Wetterau , accessed on April 10, 2019.
  24. ↑ Wolf: From the building history of the old parish church (Griedel). 1986, p. 71.
  25. ↑ a b Knappe: Medieval castles in Hesse. 1994, p. 326.
  26. ↑ a b Wolf: From the building history of the old parish church (Griedel). 1986, pp. 71-72.
  27. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.); Heinz Wionski (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hessen. Wetteraukreis II. 1999, p. 399.
  28. ↑ Wolf: From the building history of the old parish church (Griedel). 1986, p. 73.
  29. ^ Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Hessen II. 2008, p. 377.
  30. ↑ Wolf: From the building history of the old parish church (Griedel). 1986, p. 74.
  31. ^ Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Hessen II. 2008, pp. 377-378.
  32. ^ Adamy: Art monuments in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. 1895, p. 129 ( online ).
  33. ↑ a b Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Hessen II. 2008, p. 378.
  34. ^ Wetz: The church in Griedel. 2011, p. 18.
  35. ^ Adamy: Art monuments in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. 1895, p. 128 ( online ).
  36. ↑ Wolf: From the building history of the old parish church (Griedel). 1986, p. 72.
  37. ↑ Krystian Skoczowski : The organ builder family Zinck. A contribution to the research of organ building in the Wetterau and the Kinzig valley in the 18th century. Haag + Herchen, Hanau 2018, ISBN 978-3-89846-824-4 , p. 30.
  38. ^ A b Franz Bösken , Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3: Former province of Upper Hesse (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history 29.1 . Part 1 (A – L)). Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1330-7 , p. 405 .
  39. ^ Franz Bösken: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 2: The area of ​​the former administrative district Wiesbaden (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history 7.1 . Part 1 (A – K)). Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1307-2 , p. 436 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 26 ′ 16.3 "  N , 8 ° 42 ′ 22.1"  E