Heinrich II. Erndel

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Heinrich II. Erndel (born April 7, 1595 in Regensburg ; † July 25, 1646 in Oschersleben ), buried there on July 27, 1646, was the personal physician of Elector Johann Georg I of Saxony .

Career

Youth and Studies

Heinrich was born on April 7, 1595 at 6 a.m. in Regensburg. His mother Jacobina died on April 1, 1603 in Regensburg. In 1610 he was registered as a student at the grammar school in Regensburg . In 1611 he was tutored in Prague by Thomas Reinesius , whom his father Heinrich I. Erndel had employed as a private tutor . From March he became a student of philosophy at the University of Wittenberg ; because of the plague he had to leave Wittenberg. Between 1612 and 1615 Erndel was a medical student at the University of Helmstedt under Henning Arnisaeus and Johannes Wolf. On November 30, 1615 he enrolled at the University of Padua . In 1620, he received his doctorate in medicine on May 9th at the University of Helmstedt

  • Regensburg city gate

  • Prague old town with Charles Bridge around 1840

  • University of Wittenberg, 19th century

  • Illustration of the University of Helmstedt

  • Illustration of the University of Padua

Working life

Ferdinand II. Coronation as King of Bohemia

Erndel was a practicing doctor in Prague from 1620 to 1623. His father married as a widower in his second marriage on July 9th, 1604 in Regensburg with Anna Maria, a daughter of Hieronymus Widholz, a businessman in Augsburg and Sabina Stenglin. At that time she accompanied him to Prague and was a beloved stepmother. Emperor Ferdinand II (born July 9, 1578 in Graz , † February 15, 1637 in Vienna ) represented a course of absolutism and the Counter-Reformation . He followed this course as King of Hungary and Bohemia . The Bohemian classes rose up against him, which triggered the Thirty Years' War . In 1624 Catholicism was proclaimed the only permitted denomination in Bohemia and the Erndels, as Protestants, had to sell their belongings and leave the country. Erndel's great-great-grandmother Anna Grünbach b. Schwarzerdt (born April 5, 1499 in Bretten , † before 1560 in Heilbronn ) was a sister of Philipp Melanchton . How very much a Protestant believer Erndel was, one learns from his funeral sermon: “ Because as the father: soon after the mother died of the most highly thought of keys. Mayt. In the Hoff Apotecke he did not want to take him with him immediately, but because he worried that he would like to be led away from the right faith in his childhood and, as can easily happen at such an age, papal atrocities can lead him to rain streak in there Leaving a well-designed school with good and well-known people behind him, he finally bitch with the merciful and virtuous virgin Anna Marien Wiedholtzin von Augspurg at that time by special divine gift, because he soon fetched him to Prague and because he was capable and stately ingenium will note him there in private to let him know . ”In Heinrich III. Erndel's funeral sermon under "Lebens-Lauff" is written to the parents Heinrich and Dorothea: who on both sides in the persecution of the Evangelical Religions = relatives in such kingdoms (Böheim) / prefer the most arduous exile / and leave their God in honor / than continue Expect distress / and the compulsion of conscience / also want to turn away from God and his holy word and the known truth.
1624–1627 After being expelled from Prague, stays in Saxony. He took the stepmother-widow Anna Maria with him to Sanct Annaberg and on to Dresden, where after August 6, 1628 (marriage letter) she was married to Wilhelm Wechtenbrugk von Hohenberg (* 1571 in Prague; † September 10 in Dresden) ), former court trader in Prague, married. On March 12, 1644, Anna Maria von Wechtenbrugk (also Wechtenbruck) named Dr. Heinrich Erndl, Churf. Saxon. Leibmedicus, and bequeathed him a silver bottle and bracelets, and a gold ring to his daughter the Virgin Dorothea. The will recorded on July 31, 1644.

Wallenstein
View of Scheffelgasse on the Altmarkt, around 1840. Dr. Heinrich Erndel bought a house on this street in 1634.

1628–1634 personal physician (with provisions with six bushels of flour, as mentioned on June 16, 1632 in Dresden regarding a loan declaration) by Wilhelm Graf Kinsky von Wchinitz and Tettau (* 1574 Eger ; † (murdered) February 25, 1634 ibid) - mentioned in Erndel's funeral sermon as "Wilhelm Graf von Chynitz and Tödtau at Neuschloß, Teplitz, Kemnitz, Bensen, Rumburg, Hainspach and Schorsann" - who was also expelled from Bohemia. When the king was elected on August 26, 1619, Wilhelm and his brother Ulrich voted in favor of the Saxon Elector Johann Georg . After he was not ready to convert to Catholicism, he was forced to leave the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1628. In Dresden, Wilhelm lived with his family at the Electoral Saxon court, where he played an important role as a counselor and diplomat, which made Erndel famous among the Electors. On January 8, 1634, with a diplomatic assignment, he went to Pilsen to be his brother-in-law Wallenstein , whom he accompanied on the subsequent escape to Eger . There he was murdered together with Wallenstein and his confidante Christian von Ilow as well as Adam Erdman Trčka and his adjutant Rittmeister Neumann on the evening of February 25, 1634. Thus Erndel's employment relationship was ended. There is no evidence as to whether Erndel, as was customary for personal physicians at the time, accompanied Wilhelm on the trip, but it would have been very unusual if he had not traveled with them.
1634 Erndel buys a house on July 8th in the Scheffelgasse in Dresden. In December 1636, every tenth family was already living in their own house. As was the case four years earlier, these 17 property purchases were still made exclusively in the fortress. With thirteen homeowners, the bourgeoisie had meanwhile surpassed the nobility. The nobility could afford the most expensive houses. Wilhelm Graf Kinsky, for example, bought a house and rear building on Pirnaische Gasse in 1628 for 8,500 guilders and in 1631 a garden adjacent to his house for 545 Reichstaler. Also on Pirnaische Gasse, Johann Habart Freiherr von Wrzesowitz bought a house for 7,500 guilders in 1630. Elisabeth Hrzan von Haras bought a house on Elbgasse for 6,000 guilders in 1628 and paid a further 2,100 guilders for four houses, a barn and a garden, all of which were in front of the city walls. And Katharina Kaplíř von Sulovice was also able to raise 4,200 guilders for her house on Neumarkt in 1628. The physicians were the middle-class people with the most affluent purchasing power. In 1634 Heinrich Erndel paid 2500 guilders for his house on Scheffelgasse, and the personal physician Dr. Sylvester Kundmann (born May 26, 1597 in Falkenau; † September 10, 1676 in Wölfnitz ) acquired several properties, including a house in 1636 for 1900 guilders and in 1638 a piece of land in front of the Pirnaischer Tor for 1800 guilders and three vineyards in Loschwitz for 1000 guilders. Not quite as high anymore, but the prices of the houses bought by the dealer Matthias Tax (1220 guilders) and the schoolmaster Valentin Flauger (1100 guilders) in 1636 and 1635 were still above the 1000 guilder limit. A rare stroke of luck is also the enumeration of the servants that are normally not tangible for research. Only every third middle-class household (47 = 33.6%) had its own service staff in 1636, with a total of 68 people representing just 15% of all people belonging to a middle-class household. As is generally the case, female servants dominated with 79.4% (54), only 14 servants were male. Of the 47 households that had servants, 32 had one servant each, another ten had two each and only four had three each. With four maids, the physician Heinrich Erndel not only had most of the service personnel, but also the largest bourgeois household with a total of eleven people; in addition to his wife, three sons and two daughters were counted. If the servants are subtracted from the total number of persons, then a middle-class immigrant family had on average only 2.7 members instead of 3.2. Overall, the Dresden exile households have a significantly lower head count than is estimated by research for an early modern household with five people.
1636 Citizenship in Dresden on August 30, 1636.
1640 Appointment on December 15, sworn in on December 29, as Leib-Medici ( personal physician ), Viletudinarius (hospital doctor) and Podagricus (one of the people who treat gout) of Elector Johann Georg I to Saxony . Since he himself suffered from gout, he did not want to accept the position, but the elector insisted on his request. His area of ​​responsibility included the Elector, Magdalena Sibylle, Electress of Saxony, b. Duchess of Prussia and three unmarried sons, August (1614–1680), Duke of Saxony-Weißenfels , Christian I (1615–1691), Duke of Saxony-Merseburg and Moritz (1619–1681), Duke of Saxony-Zeitz . For this he received 500 florins and eight beech wood trays as a fee.

  • Heinrich Erndel was appointed on December 15, 1640

  • Elector Johann Georg I of Saxony

  • Magdalena Sibylle, Electress of Saxony

  • August, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels

  • Christian I of Sachsen-Merseburg

  • Duke Moritz of Saxony-Zeitz

1642 Erndel buys a garden in the Poppitzer community in Dresden's Wilsdruffer suburb.
1646 " Traveled to the Wunderbrunnen (spa) near Hornhausen due to illness, where he used the water for 3 days, afterwards a major operation and died" on July 15th. Because of the summer heat and the great distance to Dresden, Erndel had to find his last rest in the St. Nicolai Church in Oschersleben .

family

Erndel coat of arms

Heinrich II Erndel's parents were Heinrich I. Erndel , kaiserl. Personal and court pharmacist in Prague of Rudolf II. Kaiser of the HRR († 1612) and Matthias, Kaiser of the HRR , married to Jacobina born on October 17, 1591. Haller (* 1570 in Augsburg , † April 1, 1603 in Regensburg). Her father Nikolaus Haller (also Heller) (* November 1539 in Augsburg, † 1584 in Regensburg) was a Fugger factor in Genoa , Milan and in Spain , also Imperial and Bavarian Council; her mother Felizitas geb. Vischer (* 1540 in Augsburg). Erndel's sister Jacobina II. Erndel (born September 3, 1595; † November 28, 1668 in Hamburg), was married around 1618 in Prague to the pharmacist Georg Daurer (* 1590 in Franconia; † November 18, 1660 in Hamburg).

Erndel married Dorothea Verw. In 1630 in Sanct Annaberg . Dirleber born Huebner von Sonnleuthen. She was born in Prague around 1595 and was the daughter of Benedikt Hübner von Sonnleuthen (* around 1570 in St. Joachimsthal ; † after 1621), mint master in Prague and Bergrat in the Kingdom of Bohemia , ennobled since 1630 and born Lucia. Hartlebin von Angelshausen (baptized on 4th Advent in 1579 in St. Joachimsthal; † 1652). Her first husband was Daniel Balthasar Dirleber (* in Kuttenberg ; † 1621-1630), Imperial. Mint master in Prague. Benedikt Hübner invited the winter king Friedrich and the boehm to his daughter's wedding on August 8, 1620 in St. Joachimsthal . Chamber a.

The following children are known:

  1. NN daughter Erndel († before July 25, 1646)
  2. Dorothea Erndel (* around 1633)
  3. Lucien Erndel (* around 1635, was weak and died before July 25, 1646)
  4. Dr. jur. Christian Erndel (born July 18, 1636 in Dresden, † November 6, 1678 in Dresden), legal counsel in Dresden
  5. Dr. med. Henry III. Erndel (born June 17, 1638 in Dresden , † September 13, 1693 in Dresden), on Berreuth near Dippoldiswalde a . Mulda near Freiberg , royal Polish & Electoral Saxon. Personal physician

literature

The Albertine personal physicians before 1700 and their family relationships with physicians and pharmacies, by Andreas Lesser - Michael Imhof Verlag - Petersberg - 2015 - ISBN 978-3-7319-0285-0

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Baptismal register, Ev. Luth. Church Regensburg, on www.archion.de
  2. ↑ Christian funeral sermon, with the respectable and popular Begengniß Des weyland Wohl-Ehrenvesten Groß-Achtbarn and highly experienced Mr. Heinrici Erndels, The Artzney famous Doctoris, and Churf. Pass through to S.'s well-ordained body = Medici, who blissfully fell asleep in the Lord on July 25th at around one o'clock at Oschersleben / and the 27th afterwards was honestly buried there / and placed in the churches. Held at Dreßden in the church of S. Sophien / August 9, 1646. And coveting made in print / By M. Christianum Zimmermann / City = preaching in Dreßden. Printed in Leipzig by Fridr. Lansky S. Erb. ( digital )
  3. ^ Matriculations of the University of Wittenberg, Vol. 4, p. 119
  4. ^ Page 314, Mitteilungen, Volume 4 of Geschichts- und Altertumsforschende Gesellschaft des Osterlandes, Altenburg, monthly books for music history - Volume 24 - page 35
  5. ^ Matriculation of the University of Helmstedt:: "Facultas medica. Decanus Jan. 22 - June 1612: 10. Henricus Erndl, Ratisponensis Baiurus".
  6. ↑ http://uni-helmstedt.hab.de/
  7. ↑ http://uni-helmstedt.hab.de/ (* 1580 in Stadtoldendorf ; † 1645), medical faculty, medical or professor in Helmstedt (1612–1645).
  8. ↑ Matricula Nationis Germanicae Artistarum, 172-173.
  9. ↑ Matrikel Volume 1, p. 280, GND 128408006 , 1620
  10. ^ Heinrich Erndels funeral sermon by M. Christianum Zimmermann, city preacher in Dresden, Leipzig 1646
  11. ^ Funeral sermon by Heinrich Erndel, 1694, Dresden
  12. ↑ Dresden Sächs. Main State Archives: 10047 Dresden Office. Book of Wills, 1644-1658, Vol. 7; Dresden City Archives: Ratsarchiv. Acta and Churf. gn. Complainants, so because of those from Bohemia, Moravia, Austria and other places, anhero disappeared to Dresden and their admission, both Vereyd- u. Obligatory service given, 2, 1630-1642, G. XXV. 17 c, fol. 144
  13. ^ The immigration and integration of exiles in Dresden during the 17th and 18th centuries, by Frank Metasch, dissertation, TU Dresden. Dresden, 2010, pp. 138, 139, 133
  14. ↑ 10036 Financial Archives, Loc. 33344, Rep. LI, No. 1944, Sächsisches Staatsarchiv, Dresden
  15. ^ The Albertine personal physicians before 1700 and their family relationships with physicians and pharmacies, by Andreas Lesser - Michael Imhof Verlag - Petersberg - 2015 - ISBN 978-3-7319-0285-0 , page 47
  16. ^ New archive for Saxon history and antiquity, 1901
  17. ^ Heinrich Erndels funeral sermon by M. Christianum Zimmermann, city preacher in Dresden, Leipzig 1646
  18. ^ The nobility of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia by Adalbert Ritter Kral von Dobra Voda, Prague, 1904, I. Taussig
  19. ↑ Dresden Sächs. Main State Archives: 10024 Secret Council. Third book, perception of those who have to leave Bohemia and other places…, 1629-1632, Loc. 10331/14, fol. 8th
  20. ↑ page 30, list and partial description of a collection of for sale, mostly Bohemian coins. Compiled by Jos. Neumann, secretary of the Numismatics Association in Prague. Prague, 1854
  21. ↑ Funeral sermon for Heinrich Erndel from file no. 4067 of inventory 20532 Rittergut Rötha with Trachenau, Saxon State Archives, Leipzig
personal data
SURNAME Erndel, Heinrich II.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Erndl, Heinrich; Erndtel, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Personal physician to Elector Johann Georg I.
DATE OF BIRTH April 7, 1595
PLACE OF BIRTH regensburg
DATE OF DEATH July 25, 1646
Place of death Oschersleben