Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Koblenz)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Koblenz
The south side of the church

The Herz-Jesu-Kirche is a Catholic church in the old town of Koblenz , which was built between 1900 and 1903 as part of the southern city expansion . It is one of the most important neo-Romanesque sacred buildings in Germany. To the north of the parish church is the Löhr-Center , an inner-city shopping center . She bears the patronage of devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus .

history

The Herz-Jesu-Kirche with the original tall spiers, postcard around 1905
The heavily damaged Herz-Jesu-Kirche in 1945 with burned-out spiers

The Herz-Jesu-Kirche characterizes the transition from the historic inner city center to the southern suburb , which was created in the course of the Prussian city expansion at the end of the 19th century. The parish Herz-Jesu was founded on February 13, 1895. The church was built from 1900 to 1903 according to plans by the later Mainz cathedral builder Ludwig Becker . The consecration took place on May 19, 1904. The first pastor was Josef Maximini.

The construction of the church had become necessary because the city of Koblenz with more than 30,000 inhabitants only owned the two Catholic parish churches Liebfrauen and St. Kastor at the end of the 19th century . When the Prussian city ​​fortifications were abandoned and demolished in 1890 , the time had come to build new parish churches. In the middle of the now emerging southern suburb, the parish church of St. Josef was built by 1897 . The Herz-Jesu-Kirche became the second large church in the area of ​​urban expansion. The west wing of the Löhrtor barracks was bought in 1899 as a building site for the new church and then demolished. The stone material obtained was used in the construction of the foundation of the Sacred Heart Church. The foundation stone was covered with a marble slab that came from a Roman catacomb and that the Koblenz-born Jesuit and church historian Hartmann Grisar had procured. The third new church building of the city expansion was the Protestant Christ Church , completed in 1904 , also located on Friedrich-Ebert-Ring.

During the heaviest air raid on Koblenz on November 6, 1944, the church suffered severe damage and burned down completely. After the Second World War , it was rebuilt slightly changed in the years 1950–1953 under Pastor Johannes Metzdorf and consecrated on March 29, 1953. Metzdorf also succeeded in building the now independent parish church of St. Beatus in the years 1946–1948 for the Karthauses belonging to the parish Herz-Jesu . The current interior of the Herz-Jesu-Kirche was created during the restoration in 1978–1979. The last exterior renovation took place from 1991 to 2009, while the interior was also renovated in 1992–1998. Since 1999 the Catholic parishes Herz-Jesu and Liebfrauen have been forming a parish community and have a common pastor . In 2005 the parish of St. Kastor was added to this community.

On March 22, 2011, an incorrectly connected power line caused a serious fire in the sacristy during electrical installations . The fire not only damaged the sacristy, but the resulting soot also polluted the nave and the other rooms. The church could not be used for months during the extensive renovation work that followed. The Sacred Heart Church reopened on Christmas Eve , December 24th, 2011.

Construction and equipment

Outside

For town planning reasons, which is three-nave pillar basilica not faces east , but aligned to the south. The historicizing architectural style was politically motivated and is intended to be a reminder of the late Staufer era and to form a counterpart to the Prussian government building on the Rhine built in the same style . The building made of tuff stones stands on a cross-shaped floor plan and with its massive double tower facade faces the city center, the choir faces Friedrich-Ebert-Ring. In addition, it has an inwardly open crossing tower and a choir flank tower. The architect Ludwig Becker chose forms of late Rhenish Romanesque to design his essentially modern building. The north facade of the towers is reminiscent of the Assumption of Mary in Andernach and the choir of the ruins of the choir in Heisterbach . Originally, the church had pointed spiers designed to work from a distance, but these were restored as diamond roofs during the reconstruction .

Within Becker's oeuvre , there is the most obvious architectural similarity between the Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Koblenz and the Lutwinuskirche in Mettlach . The more modestly dimensioned Mettlach Church, which was built almost at the same time as the Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Koblenz, also has a projected nave, two recessed facade towers and two choir-flank towers. After the destruction of the Second World War and the covering of the Herz-Jesu church towers with Rhenish rhombus helmets, the Becker churches in Koblenz and Mettlach look even more similar in terms of their cubage than in the pre-war state.

The neo-Romanesque St. Joseph 's Church, built between 1903 and 1906 in Montigny near Metz von Becker, is directly linked to the architecture of the Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Koblenz. According to an article in the Metzer Zeitung, the pastor of Montigny, Philipp Châtelain, saw the plans of the Sacred Heart Church on display in Koblenz in 1899 and was so enthusiastic about them that he commissioned Becker for a similar church in Montigny. The church in Montigny was consecrated on June 31, 1906.

Inside

The interior of the Sacred Heart Church is very spacious. The space is dominated by the open crossing tower, vaulted with a ribbed dome, in which the nave , the transverse arms and the choir meet. The main choir is closed by an ambulatory choir . Inspired by the liturgical movement of the 19th century, Ludwig Becker created a space in which every believer had a clear view of the chancel as the center of the church. Most of the original ribbed vaults were replaced with groined vaults during the reconstruction .

Only a few of the original pieces of equipment have been preserved. Colored seated figures of Maria and Joseph, created by Alexander Iven from Cologne , and a high -quality station of the cross by Anton Mormann from Wiedenbrück , who is also probably the creator of the figures of a Pietà and the statue of the Sacred Heart, have survived .

  • Interior with a view of the apse

  • Station of the cross

  • Choir room

  • Crossing dome

organ

Interior with a view of the organ

Today's organ was built in 1955 by the Klais organ manufacturer in Bonn . The first organ of the Herz-Jesu-Kirche came from the Klais company. It had 31 stops on two manuals and a pedal , was expanded between 1939 and 1940 and destroyed in an air raid in 1944. Today's instrument has 39 registers (2606 pipes ) on three manuals and a pedal. The game actions are mechanical, the stop actions are electric.

I Rückpositiv C – g 3
1. Wooden dacked 8th'
2. Pointed 8th'
3. Venetian flute 4 ′
4th Larigot 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
5. Principal 2 ′
6th third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
7th Octave 1'
8th. Cymbel II
9. Krummhorn 8th'
II Hauptwerk C – g 3
10. Quintad 16 ′
11. Principal 8th'
12. Reed flute 8th'
13. Octave 4 ′
14th Gemshorn 4 ′
15th Suavial 2 ′
16. Cornett III
17th Mixture IV-VI
18th Trumpet 8th'
III Swell C – g 3
19th Wooden flute 8th'
20th Salicional 8th'
21st Principal 4 ′
22nd Singing dumped 4 ′
23. Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
24. Hollow flute 2 ′
25th Echomixtur V
26th Dulcian 16 ′
27. Schalmey oboe 8th'
28. Head trumpet 4 ′
Pedal C – f 1
29 Pedestal 32 ′
30th Principal 16 ′
31. Sub-bass 16 ′
32. Octave 8th'
33. Drone 8th'
34. Quintatön 4 ′
35. Night horn 2 ′
36. Mixture IV
37. trombone 16 ′
38. Trumpet 8th'
39. Clarine 4 ′
  • Coupling : I / II, III / II, III / I, I / P, II / P, III / P
  • Playing aids : two free combinations, free pedal combination, tutti, shelf

Bells

Disposition: a ° c ′ d ′ e ′ f ′

Bells 1–4: Mabilon bell foundry, 1962

Bell 5: Otto bell foundry, 1924

Parish community

The Herz-Jesu-Kirche is part of the “ parish community Koblenz-Innenstadt Dreifaltigkeit”, which also includes the Basilica of St. Castor and the Church of Our Lady in the old town as well as St. Josef in the southern suburb and St. Menas in Stolzenfels .

Monument protection

The Herz-Jesu-Kirche is a protected cultural monument according to the Monument Protection Act (DSchG) and is registered in the list of monuments of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . It is located in Koblenz's old town at Löhrrondell 1a .

The Sacred Heart Church has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 . Furthermore, it is a protected cultural asset according to the Hague Convention and marked with the blue and white trademark.

See also

literature

  • Energieversorgung Mittelrhein GmbH (ed.): History of the city of Koblenz . Overall editing: Ingrid Bátori in conjunction with Dieter Kerber and Hans Josef Schmidt
    • Vol. 1: From the beginning to the end of the electoral era . Theiss, Stuttgart 1992. ISBN 3-8062-0876-X
    • Vol. 2: From the French city to the present . Theiss, Stuttgart 1993. ISBN 3-8062-1036-5
  • Fritz Michel : The art monuments of the city of Koblenz. The profane monuments and the suburbs , Munich Berlin 1954, (Die Kunstdenkmäler von Rheinland-Pfalz, first volume).
  • Udo Liessem: The Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Koblenz . Munich, Berlin: Deutscher Kunstverlag 1979 (= great architectural monuments , issue 317).
  • Udo Liessem: Fifty Years of Koblenz City History. 1890-1940. Koblenz: Görres-Verlag 1983. ISBN 3-920388-01-1
  • Herbert Dellwing (arr.): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3.1: City of Koblenz. Southern suburb and Oberwerth. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986. ISBN 3-590-31033-2
  • Castle of God among the people. The Herz Jesu Church in Koblenz. Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the consecration of the church. Edited by the Catholic parish Herz Jesu in Koblenz on the Rhine and Moselle. Editor: Manfred Böckling. Koblenz: Catholic parish Herz Jesu 2004.
  • Manfred Böckling: Koblenz Herz Jesu Church. Publisher: Catholic Parish Office Herz Jesu, Koblenz. Passau: Art Publishing House Peda Gregor 2013 (= Peda Art Guide No. 897/2013). ISBN 978-3-89643-897-3
  • Ulrike Weber (edit.): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3.3: City of Koblenz. Districts. Werner, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-345-9 .

Web links

Commons : Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Koblenz)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Fire in Sacristy of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in: Rhein-Zeitung , March 24, 2011
  2. ↑ Christmas fairy tales in the Heart of Jesus: Church open again on Christmas Eve in: Rhein-Zeitung , December 23, 2011
  3. ↑ Clemens Jöckle: Catholic Parish and Pilgrimage Church of St. Lutwinus Mettlach, Regensburg 2004.
  4. ^ Udo Liessem: Die Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Koblenz (Große Baudenkmäler, Issue 317), 3rd, modified edition, Munich and Berlin 1998.
  5. ^ New church building in Montigny, in: Metzer Zeitung, June 29, 1906.
  6. ^ The inauguration of the new Catholic parish church in Montigny, in: Metzer Zeitung, July 31, 1906.
  7. ^ Niels Wilcken: Architecture in the border area, The public building industry in Alsace-Lorraine (1871-1918), Saarbrücken 2000, pp. 273-275.
  8. ^ Niels Wilcken: Architecture in the border area, The public building industry in Alsace-Lorraine (1871-1918), Saarbrücken 2000, pp. 273-275.
  9. ↑ http://www.dreifaltigkeit-koblenz.de/
  10. ↑ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - district-free city of Koblenz (PDF; 1.5 MB), Koblenz 2013

Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 24.5 "  N , 7 ° 35 ′ 27.6"  E