Himmelsberg (Kirchhain)

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Himmelsberg
City of Kirchhain
Coat of arms of Himmelsberg
Coordinates: 50 ° 51 ′ 32 ″  N , 8 ° 54 ′ 59 ″  E
Height : 290 m
Area : 2.97 km²
Residents : 175  (Jun. 30, 2017)
Population density : 59 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st February 1971
Postal code : 35274
Area code : 06422
map
Location of Himmelsberg in Kirchhain

The Kirchhain district of Himmelsberg is a village in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district in Central Hesse .

geography

Himmelsberg in the district is framed by the foothills of the southern, no longer completely wooded castle forest , one of the largest contiguous forest areas in Germany. Due to its altitude of around 290 m, a view of the adjacent Amöneburg basin is possible.

View of Himmelsberg, to the right of the church tower the almost 1000-year-old summer linden tree. In the background the 773 m high Vogelsberg , about 43 km away, in front of it the unforested, 362 m high Hochberg ( Northern Vogelsberg foreland ) with the basalt works in Homberg - Nieder-Ofleiden (right of the church tower); to the right of it the up to 407 m high Lumda plateau , in front of it half right the Amöneburg . To the left of the church tower in the background the new development area Kirchhain -Nord at the southern foot of the Burgholz

history

church

The first documentary mention as "Himelesberg" is dated to the year 1243; According to the document, Count Berthold von Ziegenhain donated the place to the Cistercian monastery of Haina. Around 1360, in exchange for other villages, the Archbishop of Mainz acquired the town of Himmelsberg from the Count of Ziegenhain, making it subordinate to the Mainz district and court administration in Amöneburg. From 1526 to 1608 Himmelsberg was Protestant due to the Reformation. With the contract of 1608 between the Archbishop of Mainz Johann Schweickhard and the Hessian Landgrave Moritz, Himmelsberg got the Catholic faith back and came under the jurisdiction of the Amöneburg St.-Johannes-Stift.

The Catholic Church of St. Nicholas was built in 1870. A church with the same patronage is documented for the first time as early as 1243. The Himmelsberger church is a hall church in neo-Gothic style. It is characterized by a five-sided choir and has a square bell tower on which a pointed, pyramid-like roof rises towards the sky. The large filigree tracery window above the main entrance is particularly striking. The tracery is an element of Gothic architecture and one of the most important features of the High and Late Gothic. Several historical tombstones can be found outside the church. The cemetery is outside the village in the immediate vicinity of the entrance to the village. As in other villages in the area, in Himmelsberg, right in front of the church but also in the area, three crucifixes, a Marian column - a figure of Mary with a child - and a wayside shrine, in the barred top of which a statue of St. John Nepomuk was placed, symbolize evidence of piety and signs of the Catholic faith.

Further events in a table overview:

  • 1803 - after the Electorate of Mainz lost its independence, the Amöneburg office and thus also Himmelsberg came to the newly established Electorate of Hesse .
  • 1821 - Himmelsberg was incorporated into the Rauschenberg district and belonged to the newly created Kirchhain district , which existed until 1932.
  • 1827 - Construction of a communal baking house
  • 1871 - Inauguration of the newly built St. Nicholas Church
  • 1891 - Acquisition of a fire engine from J. Klee & Sohn Spritzen-Fabrik Marburg
  • 1914 - with the commissioning of the Wohratalbahn , Himmelsberg is connected to the railway network and has a stop; the line was closed on January 1, 1982
  • 1923 - connection to the electricity network
  • 1932 - Himmelberg belongs to Marburg on
  • 1950 - Connection to the Allendorf water network
  • 1960 - Construction of a community freezer, closed on March 1st, 2006
  • 1970 - The school is closed after almost 300 years of existence

On February 1, 1971, the previously independent municipality of Himmelsberg was incorporated into the city of Kirchhain as part of the regional reform in Hesse .

  • 1973 - Construction of the village community center with a fire-fighting equipment room
  • 1983 - Construction of a grill hut
  • 1987 - First used fire engine TSF Ford Transit (year of construction: 1976, body: Ziegler)
  • 1993 - Celebration of the 750th anniversary and publication of a village chronicle
  • 1998 - Silver medal in the national competition " Our village should be more beautiful - our village has a future "
  • 2001 - Issue of the postage stamp as part of the special postage stamp series "Natural monuments in Germany"
  • 2004 - Creation of a municipal coat of arms
  • 2008 - opening of a premium hiking trail "Extratour Himmelsberg"
  • 2009 - Extension / renovation of the grill hut
  • 2010
    • Extension / conversion of the fire department equipment room
    • Publication of a children's book "Almost like in heaven: Story of the linden tree in Himmelsberg"
  • 2011 - Replacement procurement of a new fire fighting vehicle TSF-W Mercedes-Benz Sprinter portable fire engine (body: Ziegler)
  • 2011/12 - Extension / renovation of the village community center with energy-efficient renovation
  • 2012 - Foundation of the Friends of the Village Community House Himmelsberg eV

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Himmelsberg was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts since 1821

With an edict of June 29, 1821, administration and justice were separated in Kurhessen. Now judicial offices were responsible for the first instance jurisdiction, the administration was taken over by the districts. The Kirchhain district was responsible for the administration and the Rauschenberg judicial office was the court of first instance for Himmelsberg. The Supreme Court was the Higher Appeal Court in Kassel . The higher court of Marburg was subordinate to the province of Upper Hesse. It was the second instance for the judicial offices.

After the annexation of Kurhessen by Prussia, the Rauschenberg Justice Office became the Royal Prussian District Court of Rauschenberg in 1867 . In June 1867, a royal ordinance was issued that reorganized the court system in the areas that belonged to the former Electorate of Hesse. The previous judicial authorities were to be repealed and replaced by local courts in the first, district courts in the second and an appeal court in the third instance. In the course of this, on September 1, 1867, the previous judicial office was renamed the Rauschenberg District Court. The courts of the higher authorities were the Marburg District Court and the Kassel Court of Appeal .

The district court of Rauschenberg was closed in 1932. His district went up in the district of the Kirchhain district court . In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Marburg Regional Court , the Frankfurt am Main Higher Regional Court and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1585: 13 house seats
• 1664: 15 households
• 1838: 20 local residents authorized to use, 4 local residents not authorized to use, 2  residents
Himmelsberg: Population from 1747 to 1967
year     Residents
1747
  
 80
1834
  
 146
1840
  
 152
1846
  
 161
1852
  
 165
1858
  
 141
1864
  
 137
1871
  
 131
1875
  
 140
1885
  
 148
1895
  
 136
1905
  
 115
1910
  
 113
1925
  
 155
1939
  
 141
1946
  
 191
1950
  
 158
1956
  
 163
1961
  
 158
1967
  
 181
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1861: all residents Roman Catholic
• 1885: 3 Protestant (= 2.03%), 145 Catholic (= 97.97%) residents
• 1961: 2 Protestant (= 97.97%), 155 (= 98.10%) Catholic residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1838: Families: 11 agriculture, 4 trades, 7 day laborers.
• 1961: Labor force: 50 agriculture and forestry, 23 manufacturing, 7 trade and transport, 7 services and other.

Culture and sights

The Himmelsberger Linden
Trunk of the dancing linden tree with supporting framework

societies

  • Himmelsberg Volunteer Fire Brigade
  • Beautification Association Himmelsberg eV
  • Association for Home, Customs and Culture Himmelsberg eV
  • Friends of the village community center Himmelsberg eV

Buildings and monuments

See: List of cultural monuments in Himmelsberg (Kirchhain)

Natural monument Himmelsberger Linde

The guided dance and judicial linden tree stands in the center of the village in front of the village church of St. Nicholas in its churchyard, the former cemetery of the village, which is now a park-like structure. This summer linden tree , designated as a natural monument and entered in the list of distinctive and old tree specimens , is popularly referred to as the "1000-year-old" linden tree. According to various sources, their estimated age is estimated at 450–1000 years. However, the time when the village was founded in 1243 at the latest can be assumed as a possible planting date, since the place under the linden tree is mentioned as a court place as early as 1289 .

From the massive, partly broken trunk of the tree veteran, which is hollow on the inside, four main branches in the form of a dancing linden tree were horizontally diverted at a low height (today approx. 3 m). Strong branches that are pushed out at their ends and strive vertically upwards form the candelabra-like crown. This is supported by a wooden beam frame and additionally secured by steel cables inside the crown. The tree is around 25 meters high with a trunk circumference of around 9 meters; the trunk diameter is around 2.9 meters. The crown measures 22 meters in diameter.

In honor of the natural monument , which has been protected since 1971, a special stamp Linde zu Himmelsberg was issued by Deutsche Post in 2001 in the series Natural Monuments in Germany .

Economy and Infrastructure

Public facilities

  • Village community center

Companies

  • A. Prize for painting company
  • FEGRA engravings and advertising technology

literature

  • Alfred Schneider: Himmelsberg - The career of an Upper Hessian village . Edited by the local council of the Kirchhain-Himmelsberg district, 1993.
  • Ute Verena Schneidewindt: Almost like in heaven: story of the linden tree in Himmelsberg . Published by the City of Kirchhain, 1st edition, October 2010, ISBN 978-3-936291-47-6 .
  • Chronicle "Himmelsberg - The Development of an Upper Hessian Village".
  • Literature on Himmelsberg in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Himmelsberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Himmelsberg, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 24, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Budget 2018. In: Internet presence. Stadt Kirchhain, p. 3 , accessed May 2018 .
  3. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , point 328, paragraph 54 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 402 .
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Ordinance of August 30th, 1821, concerning the new division of the area , Annex: Overview of the new division of the Electorate of Hesse according to provinces, districts and judicial districts. Collection of laws etc. for the Electoral Hesse states. Year 1821 - No. XV. - August., ( Kurhess GS 1821) pp. 223–224 .
  7. ↑ Latest news from Meklenburg / Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities, edited from the best sources. in the publishing house of the GHG privil. Landes-Industrie-Comptouts., Weimar 1823, p.  158 ff . ( online at HathiTrust's digital library ).
  8. ↑ Ordinance on the constitution of the courts in the former Electorate of Hesse and the formerly Royal Bavarian territories with the exclusion of the enclave Kaulsdorf from June 19, 1867. ( PrGS 1867, pp. 1085-1094 )
  9. ↑ Order of August 7, 1867, regarding the establishment of the according to the Most High Ordinance of June 19 of this year. J. in the former Electorate of Hesse and the formerly Royal Bavarian territorial parts with the exclusion of the enclave Kaulsdorf, courts to be formed ( Pr. JMBl. Pp. 221–224 )
  10. ↑ "The Himmelsberger Linde" in the local website www.himmelsberg.net
  11. ^ "Court of Justice in Himmelsberg" in: Court of Justice in Hesse at LAGIS
  12. ↑ "Tanzlinde in Himmelsberg" in "Monumental oaks and other tree species" by Rainer Lippert
  13. ^ "Tanzlinde in Himmelsberg" in the tree register at www.baumkunde.de
  14. ^ Postage stamp "Linde zu Himmelsberg" ( Memento from May 13, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) In: briefmarken-archiv.de .