Johann III. (Gützkow)

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Johann III. von Gützkow († 1334 ) was a count of Gützkow .

Research history

The differentiation of the individual Gützkow counts named Johann is just as difficult as it is the case with their relatives named Jaczo . From the original assumption that there were four Gützkower Count Jaczo of the same name, the research could be reduced to three or possibly two people. With the Gützkower Count Johann , Theodor Pyl assumed five of the same name, Roderich Schmidt only mentioned three in his brief treatise, while Detlev Schwennicke assumed that six counts Johann von Gützkow could be distinguished . In addition, the castle men of the same name from Wieck before Gützkow had at least one relative named Johann von Gützkow , who appeared in a document at the beginning of the 14th century.

It is certain and indisputable that Johann III. von Gützkow († 1334) a son of Johann II. von Gützkow and the older brother of Count Johann (Henning) IV. was.

The view that Johann III. the one who died between January 16 and June 18, 1334, probably from the wounds he received in the battle at Kremmer Damm , was first derived from Johannes Hoffmann and later shared by Rymar and Schwennicke. There is no clear documentary evidence as to which of the two count's brothers survived the year 1334.

Documented appearance

Seal of Count Johann III. by 1327

The counts Nikolaus , Johann III. and Johann IV von Gützkow left half of the village of Hanshagen to the Greifswald bourgeois family von Krebsow for 640 Mark Wendisch on April 21, 1320 , along with the two Untermühlen, 15 Landhufen and a few cottages to cover the debt of their recently deceased cousin Count Bernhard von Gützkow . Bernhard's sister Margarete von Gützkow also put her seal on the certificate. The counts Nikolaus and Johann III. In the same year they transferred twice to the Eldena monastery , first one Hufe of land in Weitenhagen and 5 marks from the bede of the village and then ten Hufen of land in Diedrichshagen .

As a feudal lord , Count Johann III confirmed. of Gützkow ( John Dei gracia comes in Gutzecowe ) on 15 August 1322 Sarnow his vassals , the Behr selling some hooves in regent , Stresow , Groß Kiesow , Bandelin , Sanz , Müssow and a half hooves and the pitcher Busdorf to the Greifswald citizens Eberhard and Johann Letzenitz, which was settled on April 23, 1321 for 3,600 marks.

The Counts Johann III. and Johann IV von Gützkow ( Johannes et Johannes, fratres, Dei gracia comites de Gutzekow ) pledged three marks from three hooves of their estate in Diedrichshagen for 30 marks to the Greifswald citizen Martin von Münster on March 27, 1323 . Also in 1323, both counts awarded the Eldena monastery five Marks Bede in Weitenhagen.

In the first War of the Rügen Succession , the Counts of Gützkow were initially partisans of the Mecklenburg people . After the cities of Demmin and Greifswald refused an armistice in mid-August 1326, Count Johann III also declared. from Gützkow the open feud to the cities . On June 13, 1327, however, Johannes et Henninghus, Dei gracia comites de Gutzecowe in Greifswald with their vassals of the Duchess Elisabeth of Pomerania, widow of Wartislaw IV , and their underage children , vowed loyalty to Pomerania. As Duke Heinrich II of Mecklenburg and Messrs Johann II and Johann III. moved from Werle to Treptow in 1328 , the Pomeranians threw themselves under the leadership of Gützkower Count Johann III. opposed and defeated the Mecklenburgers at Völschow . As a result, on June 27, 1328, the Peace of Brudersdorf came about , in which the Counts of Gützkow ( de greven van Gutzcowe ) had a significant share and which they also signed.

The Counts Johann III. and Johann IV. von Gützkow ( Johannes et Hennyngus, Dei gracia comes in Ghutzecow ) put on June 26, 1330 Mechtild von Schwerin , the wife of Johann IV. von Gützkow, a personal property of 300 marks and an inheritance in the village of Vorwerk near Loitz for in the event that he dies. In the same year, on August 10th, Prince Johann von Werle and Count Johann III. von Gützkow ( van der gnade godes de aldeste greve van Gützekowe ) with their vassals, the contract between Duke Barnim III. and to adhere to the Knights of Thun , which concerned the fortification of the von Thun in Kiekindepene near Demmin and the mutual debts between the Duke and the von Thun. Lippold von Behr was also in 1330 by Count Johann III. von Gützkow used as Vogt on Krowelin .

On July 15, 1331, the Counts Johann III reconciled. and Johann IV. von Gützkow ( Johannes and Johanes de Gutzkouwe comites ) again with Duke Barnim III. and promised army successes outside the country.

In the Pomeranian-Brandenburg War , the battle on the Kremmer Damm took place on August 1, 1332 . One of the count's brothers is said to have sustained serious injuries before the Brandenburgers, to which he later succumbed.

When the dukes Otto I and Barnim III. von Pomerania on June 28, 1333 in Lippehne in the Neumark agreed a land peace with the Margrave Ludwig of Brandenburg for three years, a Count Johann von Gützkow ( greve Johannes van Gutzecowe ) was also involved.

The Counts Johann III. von Gützkow ( Johannes senior comes de Gutzecowe ) and Johann IV. von Gützkow ( Johannes junior Dei gracia comes de Gutzecow ) confirmed on January 16, 1334 in Gützkow that 11 ½ hooves had been released in Sanz to the brothers Heinrich and Ludekin Long in Greifswald as a buyer by the Behr brothers and enfeoffed the buyer. Among the document witnesses in Gützkow was a Rudolfo de Gutzecow, civibus in Gripeswold .

Count Johann IV von Gützkow ( Johannes Dei gracia comes de Gutzecow ) repeated and affirmed on June 18, 1334 in Gützkow the willful donation of Hebungen from the village of Weitenhagen to the Eldena monastery by his deceased brother Johann III. ( frater noster Johannes bone memorie comes eciam in Gützecow ) for the establishment of an eternal vicariate . Accordingly, Johann III died. before June 18, 1334.

family

While Schwartz and Pyl saw Elisabeth as a sister of a Mechthild , at least a niece of Johann III., I.e. daughter of Johann IV, Hoffmann first indicated that it was much more likely to be his wife, but probably a sister of Mechthild , his sister-in-law , acts. He only recognizes one Mechthild in the documents and sees her and Elisabeth as daughters of Count Günzel VI. von Schwerin and the Richardis von Tecklenburg . Schmidt also shares this view, while Rymar and Schwenicke again differentiate two Mechthilds , each into a sister-in-law and a great niece, i.e. the granddaughter of Johann IV . The latter put Elisabeth as his sister, a wife of Johann III. do not call them.

Johann V, on the other hand, see both Hoffmann and Schwennicke and Rymar as the undisputed son of Johann III. Pyl still saw him as a nephew, Schmidt also mentions Johann V without assigning him.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Theodor Pyl :  Jaczo von Salzwedel . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, pp. 633-636.
  2. ^ A b c d Johannes Hoffmann: Studies on the history of the counts of Gützkow. Dissertation, University of Greifswald 1946
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Detlev Schwennicke : European Family Tables , Volume III, Part I, Verlag Vittorio Klostermann , Frankfurt am Main 1984, Plate 7A (based on a manuscript by Edward Rymar )
  4. ↑ a b c d Theodor Pyl :  Johann III. and IV. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, pp. 218-221.
  5. ^ A b c Roderich Schmidt :  Gützkow, Count of. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 290 f. ( Digitized version ).
  6. ↑ Such a knight Johann von Gützkow appeared in documents from 1300 to 1304 and is perhaps to be equated with the documentary mentions of Johannes de Gutcekowe in the Pomeranian document book nos .: 1606, 1642 and 1643 in the years 1292 and 1293.
  7. ↑ a b Erwin Assmann (Ed.): Pommersches Urkundenbuch (PUB), Vol. 8, Cologne 1961, No. 5656
  8. ^ A b c Albert Georg Schwartz : Diplomatic history of the Pomeranian-Rügischen cities of Swedish sovereignty: In addition to the attached history of the county of Gützkow. Hieronymus Johann Struck, Greifswald 1755, p. 766
  9. ↑ PUB No. 3356
  10. ↑ PUB No. 3436
  11. ↑ PUB No. 3437
  12. ↑ PUB No. 3484, 3626
  13. ↑ PUB No. 3670
  14. ↑ PUB No. 3739
  15. ↑ PUB No. 4221
  16. ↑ PUB No. 4211, 4212, 4320
  17. ↑ PUB No. 4395
  18. ↑ PUB No. 4577
  19. ↑ PUB No. 4581
  20. ^ Norbert Buske : Nikolai Church in Gützkow - Church history. 1986
  21. ↑ PUB No. 4889
  22. ↑ PUB No. 5073
  23. ↑ PUB No. 5134, 5135
  24. ↑ PUB No. 5169
personal data
SURNAME Johann III.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count von Gützkow
DATE OF BIRTH 14th Century
DATE OF DEATH 1334