Jurki (Świętajno)

Jurki also: Jurki (osada)
	Jurki also: Jurki (osada)
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Olecko
Gmina :	Świętajno
Geographic location :	54 ° 4 '  N , 22 ° 21'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 4 '18 "  N , 22 ° 21' 1"  E
Residents :
Postal code :	19-411
Telephone code :	(+48) 87
License plate :	NOE
Economy and Transport
Street :	Doliwy / ext . 655 ↔ Niemsty - Cichy
Rail route :	no rail connection
Next international airport :	Danzig

Jurki ( German  Jurken , 1938 to 1945 Jürgen (Ostpr.) ) And Jurki (osada) are two places in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . They belong to the rural community Świętajno (Schwentainen) in Powiat Olecki ( Oletzko district , from 1933 to 1945 Treuburg district ).

Geographical location

Jurki is located in the northeast of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , eleven kilometers northwest of the district town of Olecko (Marggrabowa , colloquially also Oletzko , 1928 to 1945 Treuburg ). Less than a kilometer west of the village is the hamlet of Jurki (osada) .

history

The former Juregen was founded in 1560. After 1785 the place was called Jurcken , then until 1938 Jurken .

The small village was incorporated into the Czychen ( Polish Cichy ) district in 1874, which - renamed "Bolken District" in 1938 - existed until 1945 and belonged to the Oletzko district (1933 to 1945 Treuburg district) in the Gumbinnen district of the Prussian province of East Prussia .

In 1910 there were 285 inhabitants registered in Jurken. Their number rose to 308 by 1933 and decreased to 244 by 1939.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Jurken belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Jurken, 203 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, while Poland did not vote.

For political and ideological reasons to avoid foreign sounding place names Jurken was renamed on July 3, 1938 in "Jürgen (Ostpr.)".

As a result of the war, the village came to Poland in 1945 along with all of southern East Prussia and since then has borne the Polish name form "Jurki", which was also assigned to the newly created hamlet ( Polish osada ). Jurki is today the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish sołectwo ), which also includes Jurki (osada). Both places are now part of the rural community Świętajno (Schwentainen) in the Powiat Olecki ( Oletzko district , from 1933 to 1945 Treuburg district), before 1998 the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then part of the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship .

Religions

Before 1945 Jurken was parish in the Evangelical Church of Czychen in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Catholic parish church Marggrabowa (1928 to 1945 Treuburg, Polish Olecko) in the Diocese of Warmia .

Today Jurki and Jurki (osada) belong to the Protestant parish Gołdap (Goldap) , a subsidiary of the Suwałki parish in the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland , and the Cichy Catholic parish in the Ełk diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .

traffic

Jurki can be reached via a country road that branches off from the voivodship road DW 655 at Doliwy (Doliwen , 1938 to 1945 Teichwalde) and leads to Cichy via Niemsty (Könitzberg , 1929 to 1945 Gertrudenhof) . A railway connection has not existed since the Kruglanken – Marggrabowa (Oletzko) / Treuburg ( Polish: Kruklanki – Olecko ) railway with the nearest railway station Doliwy (Doliwen , 1938 to 1945 Teichwalde) was not reopened after 1945 as a result of the war.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 408
2. ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Jürgen (Ostpr.)
3. ^ Rolf Jehke, Czychen / Bolken district
4. ^ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, district of Oletzko
5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Treuburg (Oletzko). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : "Self-determination for East Germany - A Documentation on the 50th Anniversary of the East and West Prussian Referendum on July 11, 1920"; Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 64
7. ↑ ^{a b} Jurken (Oletzko district)
8. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church of East Prussia , Volume 3 Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen, 1938, p. 484