Mazury (Świętajno)

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Mazury
Mazury does not have a coat of arms
Mazury (Poland)
Mazury
Mazury
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Olecki
Gmina : Świętajno
Geographic location : 54 ° 5 '  N , 22 ° 15'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 4 '54 "  N , 22 ° 15' 25"  E
Residents :
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NOE
Economy and Transport
Street : Dybowo ↔ Borki - Leśny Zakątek
Gryzy → Mazury
Mazury / Masurian Nature Reserve → Mazury
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Mazury ( German  Masuhren , 1938 to 1945 Masuria ) is a village in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , which belongs to the rural community Świętajno (Schwentainen) in the Powiat Olecki ( Oletzko district , Treuburg district from 1933 to 1945 ).

Geographical location

Mazury is located in the northeast of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship on the south bank of the Jezioro Mazurskie (Lake Masuria) , 17 kilometers northwest of the district town of Olecko (Marggrabowa , 1928 to 1945 Treuburg) . Just one kilometer further north is a small settlement of the same name: Mazury - but already part of the municipality of Kowale Oleckie (Kowahlen , Reimannswalde from 1938 to 1945 ) . It seems obvious that there was a geographical connection between the two places before 1945.

history

The small village of Mazuhren was founded in 1566. At that time, Duke Albrecht von Prussia prescribed the sons of Masur von Plotzitzen, Moyses, Tenning and Bartusch two hooves, 27 hooves, to occupy interest farmers. Until 1938 the village was called “Masuhren”, until 1938 the spelling “Masuria” was ordered.

In 1874 Masuhren came to the Haasznen district (1936 to 1938: Haaschnen, 1938 to 1945: Haschnen, in Polish Łażne ), but was reclassified to the Rogonnen district before 1908 . Both belonged to the Oletzko district - called "Treuburg district" from 1933 to 1945 - in the Gumbinnen administrative district of the Prussian province of East Prussia .

In 1818 a total of 261 inhabitants were registered in Masuhren, in 1839 there were 318, in 1867 already 551. The number rose to 456 by 1910 and amounted to 412 in 1933 and 398 in 1939.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Masuhren belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus Germany) or join Poland. In Masuhren, 320 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote.

In 1945 Mazury came in consequence of the war with the entire southern East Prussia to Poland and received the Polish form of the name "Mazury". Today the place is the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) and a district within the rural municipality Świętajno in Powiat Olecki , before 1998 the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship belongs.

Religions

Before 1945, the majority of the population of Masuhren was Protestant . The place was in the parish of the church in Czychen (1938 to 1945: Bolken, Polish Cichy ), which belonged to the parish of Oletzko / Treuburg in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . Since 1945 the Protestant church members Mazurys have been assigned to the parish in Gołdap (Goldap) , a branch parish of the parish in Suwałki in the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Since 1945 there has been an almost exclusively Catholic population in Mazury . Before 1945 it was oriented towards Marggrabowa (1928 to 1945: Treuburg, Polish Olecko ) in the Diocese of Warmia , but Mazury itself now has its own church, which is subordinate to the parish in Cichy , which has been one of the two deaneries in Olecko , since 1992 in the Diocese of Ełk (Lyck) , which belongs to the Catholic Church in Poland .

school

Before 1945 there was a separate two-class elementary school in Masuhren . It was filled with only one teaching position.

traffic

Mazury is located on a subordinate side road that connects Dybowo (Diebowen , 1938 to 1945 Diebauen) with Borki (Borken) and Leśny Zakątek (Waldkater) in the Borkener Forest (also: Borker Heide, Polish Puszcza Borecka ). In addition, one street each from Gryzy (Griesen) and from the neighboring town of Mazury lead here.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dietrich Lange: Geographical register of places East Prussia: Masuren. (2005)
  2. ↑ a b c Location information Masuria
  3. ↑ a b Rolf Jehke: Haasznen / Rogonnen district.
  4. ^ Uli Schubert: Community directory, district of Oletzko
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Treuburg (Oletzko). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : Self-determination for East Germany - A documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 65.
  7. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 484.