King's Hammer

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King's Hammer
Wendelstein market
Coordinates: 49 ° 20 ′ 21 ″  N , 11 ° 6 ′ 16 ″  E
Height : 329  (327-339)  m above sea level NHN
Residents : 7  (May 4, 2016)
Postal code : 90530
Area code : 09129
Image of King's Hammer
View from the east
Imperial urban area of ​​Nuremberg 1505–1806

Königshammer is a district of the Wendelstein market in the Roth district of Central Franconia .

Geographical location

The wasteland is about 15 kilometers south of Nuremberg and five kilometers east of Schwabach on a dead end junction of State Road 2239 between the Wendelsteiner districts of Neuses and Kleinschwarzenlohe . The Schwarzach flows south of the village and, with the exception of the power plant levels, meanders mostly in its natural state . The place is located in the middle of an extensive water and landscape protection area . (LSG-00428.01). A local road leads to State Road 2239 (0.3 km north), which leads to the neighboring villages of Neuses (1.5 km south-west) and Kleinschwarzenlohe (0.8 km north-east).

history

The Schwarzachtal was already settled by people in the Stone Age, as individual finds show. Some Bronze Age graves are only a few kilometers upstream. These date from around 1600 to 1300 BC. A pre-Roman Iron Age furnace was discovered in 2013 in Wendelstein during archaeological excavations, but could not be recovered due to the ingress of groundwater. In the municipality of Wendelsteins, around 20 ground monuments from the Mesolithic , Neolithic and Latène periods have so far been qualified. Around the year 650, Boirian settlers advanced into the Schwarzachtal from the southeast. However, these were pushed back around 725 by the Franks coming from the west . The originally four hectare site east of Königshammer was called “Muhlbuhel” and was an ideal place for cattle breeding, as it is bordered all around by steep slopes. It is now only 2.4 hectares in size, as the slightly higher, narrow eastern section has housed the Kleinschwarzenlohe sewage treatment plant since the 1960s.

It is assumed that the place already existed around 1200. In 1347 the place was first mentioned as "Kungsmühl" in which the bakers from Kornburg were ordered to have their grain ground in this mill. In 1471 the place was mentioned as "Kungshamer". The building material for the mill building, the residential building and the water duct structures could be broken directly on site from an 8–12 meter thick formation of the castle sandstone immediately to the south .

The Thirty Years War brought Königshammer, as well as the neighboring towns, multiple looting, the town was partially destroyed and burned down. Around 1630, Swedish troops were camped just 300 meters to the south-east, bringing the plague into their wake. An atonement cross still reminds of the victims there today. In the late Middle Ages , the Nuremberg patricians owned nearby properties. From 1505 to 1806 Königshammer is documented as one of the border towns between the Principality of Ansbach and the area of ​​the imperial city of Nuremberg (see map).

Towards the end of the 18th century, Königshammer belonged to Kleinschwarzenlohe . There were 2 properties in Königshammer. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbach judge's office in Kornburg . The judge's office in Kornburg was the landlord of the grinding mill and the paper mill . Under the Prussian administration (1792–1806) of the Principality of Ansbach, Königshammer was given house numbers 32 and 33 in Kleinschwarzenlohe. In 1801 there were still 2 households in the village.

As part of the municipal edict in 1808, Königshammer was assigned to the Großschwarzenlohe tax district , Section II. It belonged to the rural community Kleinschwarzenlohe formed in 1818 .

The beginning of the industrial age gave Königshammer an everlasting raison d'être thanks to water power, and it was constantly being rebuilt from the horizons of fire, flooding and devastation. On the south-western part of the mill wing, a full fire damage can still be clearly seen, which was previously only repaired on the shell side and has since given home to numerous bats and breeding birds, e.g. swallows and swifts.

No destruction is known from the Second World War , but billeting took place. The attempted rape by an American to the detriment of a young woman from Hamburg is known from Königshammer on Wednesday, April 18, 1945; however, he managed to escape. The pastor in Leerstetten mentions the incident in the following Sunday sermon and gives additional advice on behavior.

In 1960 the former hammer mill in the south-eastern wing of the mill wing was rededicated for generating electricity. Since then, the Goldfuchs-Bronzefarbenwerk has been based there, which produces 80% green electricity.

On May 1st, 1978 Königshammer was incorporated into Wendelstein as part of the regional reform in Bavaria .

Architectural monuments

  • The historic house of the hammer mill dates from 1738. A few other outbuildings have also been preserved in situ as architectural monuments.

Population development

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987 002016
Residents 31 15th 68 59 58 18th 21st 25th 25th 16 12 7th
Houses 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2
source

religion

Since the Reformation the place has been predominantly Evangelical-Lutheran. The inhabitants of the Evangelical Lutheran denomination are parish to St. Nikolaus (Kornburg) .

literature

Web links

Commons : Königshammer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Königshammer in the Bavaria Atlas
  2. ↑ See also: List of landscape protection areas in the district of Roth
  3. ↑ Wendelstein Monument List, pages 20–22.
  4. ↑ Origin of name Kungmuhl, first mention , VGN Goldschläger hiking trail description , page 5
  5. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 256.
  6. ↑ Swedish Cross at Königshammer
  7. ↑ a b F. Eigler, p. 401.
  8. ↑ JK Bundschuh, Vol. 3, Col. 181.
  9. ↑ a b F. Eigler, p. 475f.
  10. ^ Attempted rape in 1945
  11. ^ History of the Königshammer Mill , operator's webpage, accessed on January 8, 2015
  12. ↑ Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  13. ↑ Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkkreis according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 49 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 236 ( digitized version ).
  15. ^ Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1086 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized ).
  16. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1252 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized ).
  17. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1187 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1260 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1297 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1125 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 824 ( digitized version ).
  22. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 180 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 349 ( digitized version ).