Salzburg High Limestone Alps

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Salzburg High Limestone Alps
Highest peak Hochkönig ( 2941  m above sea level )
location Salzburg , Austria
part of Northern Limestone Alps , Eastern Alps
Classification according to Salzburg spatial planning
Salzburg High Limestone Alps (Alps)
Salzburg High Limestone Alps
Coordinates 47 ° 25 '  N , 13 ° 4'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 25 '  N , 13 ° 4'  E
Type Limestone karst stocks
rock Mountain ranges: Dachstein Limestone
Age of the rock 230 million years (later Triassic )
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The Salzburger Kalkhochalpen , also called Steinberge in regional geography , are the parts of the Austrian state of Salzburg in the Northern Kalkhochalpen .

geography

View of the Steinerne Meer and the Hochkönig massif

The Salzburg Kalkhochalpen comprise the Steinplatte , Loferer , Leoganger and Reiter Steinberge (Reiteralpe) , the Steinerne Meer , the Hochkönig massif , the Hagengebirge , the Göllmassiv and the Untersbergstock and the Tennengebirge - of these, only the Tennengebirge and the Hochkönig are completely in Salzburg, all of them others protrude beyond the country, partly to Germany, partly to Tyrol. They thus extend as an approximately 70-kilometer long belt from the Tiroler Ache to the Lammertal and Salzburg Basin across the State of Salzburg and are divided by the Salzach and Saalach breakthroughs ( Lower Salzachpongau , Pinzgauer Saalachtal ). They therefore include the Salzburg shares in the Waidringer and Berchtesgaden Alps (also known as the Salzburg Alps ) as well as the Tennengebirge, which lies entirely in Salzburg and which are collectively referred to as the North Tyrolean-Salzburg Limestone Alps . The Dachsteinstock adjoining to the east , of which the Gosaukamm , the Bischofsmütze and the southern templates of the main summit belong to Salzburg, are often no longer counted as a mountain group in the Salzburg Limestone Alps.

To the south they are accompanied by the slate Alps ( Kitzbüheler Alpen , Salzburg Schieferalpen ) , to the north they border the Bavarian Alps , to the west the Kaiser Mountains follow , and in the northeast they set themselves off against the Salzburg basin ( Alpine foothills ) and the Salzburg Prealps . In the east follows the corresponding Upper Austrian regional geographic zone Kalk-Hochalpen .

In general, however, the area of ​​the Salzburg Limestone Foothills in the Osterhorn area is also included, which, according to the Salzburg spatial planning, is part of the Salzburger Mittelgebirge region .

Name and landscape form

Steinberge is a common local name for the Salzburg Limestone Alps. The term delimits the limestone against the undulating grass mountains of the slate Alps that adjoin to the south . The name means mountains made of lime and dolomite , in contrast to those made of slate, which weather more easily, form water-storing soils, are more eroded, lower and therefore much stronger and are greened up to the summit corridor. In the stone mountains, on the other hand, the bare rock emerges above the forest zone , at least where it does not carry a dormant layer of rubble and rubble .

Limestone and dolomite are practically mono-mineral and dissolve in rainwater without leaving any residue ; there are then no water-storing clay minerals or the like. Hence the baldness of the mountains. Only where a dormant layer of rubble lies on the rock, for example with moraine deposits or the like, can soil, which often gets its nutrients for the most part from the dust blown by the wind; this comes from the central Alps during foehn storms. The forest, on the other hand, filters this loess from the air and is therefore better supplied with nutrients. After a short phase of lush alpine meadows, deforestation easily leads to the barrening of these mountains.

geology

The mightiest rock series that build up the Steinberge in the sense of the Salzburg Limestone Alps are the Dachstein limestone and the Ramsaudolomite , which actually represents a summary over a time limit, and the two series of the Wetterstein dolomite and the main dolomite .

natural reserve

The entire parts between Saalach and Salzach, i.e. the Salzburg parts of the Berchtesgaden Alps , are comprehensively protected. The protection zone covers 342.5 km² and represents the southern extension of the Berchtesgaden National Park (also Natura 2000 area, DE8342301 ), which is conceived as a large cross-border protection area in the context of the EuRegio Salzburg - Berchtesgadener Land - Traunstein and perhaps one day a common one Becomes national park.

European and nature reserve Kalkhochalpen

IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area

location Salzburg , Austria
Area / extent 236.467 km² / 32.6 km
Identifier NSG00012, ESG00009
Natura 2000 ID AT3211012
FFH area / extent 236.1 km² / 32.6 km
Geographical location 47 ° 29 '  N , 12 ° 59'  E
Setup date 1983 (ESG 1997/2006)
particularities 2 sub-areas

The European and nature reserve Kalkhochalpen covers 236.5 km² as a core zone. The Kalkhochalpen nature reserve was designated in 1983 with 23646.6456  hectares (LGBl. 93/1983, NSG00012 ). In 1997 the area (designated with 23,610.0 ha) was also a European protected area, according to the Natura 2000 FFH directive (LGBl. 51/2006, AT3211012 / ESG00009 Kalkhochalpen, Salzburg ). The area stretches north – south from the Kuchler Gasteig to the Dientner Sattel , east – west over 32½ kilometers from the Lueg Pass to the Hundsofen , dividing into two parts between Karlkogel (Steinerner Meer) and Hirschbichlkogel (Reiter Steinberge). It also includes the ESG  Bluntautal (FFH, AT3206007 ), where the area deviations between the NSG and ESG Kalkhochalpen lie on the Göll  , the differing 46½ ha belong to the ESG  Bluntautal . This area in the outer Bluntau valley is also a protected part of the landscape and partly a protected landscape area. Also included are the majority of the wild-Europe reserve Kematen , and the natural forest reserves Biederer Alpswald and Mitterkaser (both natural monument and biogenetic reserve).

Protected landscape area Göll, Hagen, Hochkönig Mountains, Steinernes Meer

IUCN Category V - Protected Landscape / Seascape

location Salzburg , Austria
Area / extent 36.738 km² / 26.7 km
Identifier LSG00030
Geographical location 47 ° 29 '  N , 12 ° 59'  E
Setup date 1995
particularities 7 sub-areas

As Göll, Hagen-, Hochköniggebirge, Steinernes Meer , additional areas totaling 3673.8458 hectares are also designated as landscape protection areas ( LSG00030 ) and thus form a buffer zone. These include a smaller area of ​​the Göll east flank above the Gollinger waterfall (this also a natural monument), the inner Buntautal (partly ESG), the inner Blühnbachtal and the rearmost Höllngraben , the inner Riedingtal and Trockenbachtal- Moosalm on the Dientner Sattel, as well as the Buchweißbachtal near Saalfelden.

To the west lies the Weißbach Nature Park (also the Gerhardstein – Hintertal – Weißbacher Gemeinschaftalm landscape protection area, around 2800 ha), and the Joching European Wildlife Protection Area is somewhat separated .

The Tennengebirge is also a large nature reserve with 85.4 km².

In the area of ​​the Waidringer Alps there are some smaller protected areas, but no comprehensive protection zone.

literature

Web links

Commons : Kalkhochalpen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Great Landscapes (Mosochoren) by F. Dollinger: The natural areas of the province of Salzburg (=  research on German regional studies . Band 245 ). Flensburg 1998. Quoted in Land Salzburg - Department 7 Spatial Planning, Friedrich Mair; Working group update of the state development program (publisher): Salzburger Landesentwicklungsprogramm. Complete revision 2003 (LEP 2003) . Office of the Salzburg State Government, Salzburg 2003, ISBN 3-901343-63-6 , explanations on the Salzburg State Development Program . The landscape structure of the state of Salzburg ; with map 12 The large landscapes of the State of Salzburg , p.
     111,112 ( ( page no longer available , search in web archives: salzburg.gv.at ) - bound version, loose-leaf collection ISBN 3-901343-64-4 ).@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.salzburg.gv.at
  2. a b sub-group 1330 and large unit 1300. Hubert Trimmel : Mountain group structure for the Austrian cave directory . Ed .: Association of Austrian Speleologists. Vienna 1962.
  3. Alexander Tollmann : Tectonic map of the Northern Limestone Alps . In: Geological Society in Vienna (ed.): Releases the Geol.Ges.iW . Volume 61, Part 2: The Middle Section . Vienna 1968 ( uibk.ac.at [PDF]).
  4. Gerald Schlager: The Salzburg Kalkhochalpen nature reserve as part of a future cross-border national park Berchtesgaden-Salzburg? In: Yearbook of the Association for the Protection of the Mountains . 1985, p. 175-207 .
  5. ^ Salzburger Landesgesetzblatt (LGBl.) 93/1983, 42/2000
  6. Kalkhochalpen in the nature protection book of the state of Salzburg
  7. Kalkhochalpen nature reserve . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .
  8. Ordinance of the Salzburg state government of May 16, 2006, with which the nature reserves Wallersee-Wenger Moor, Oichten-Riede, Winklmoos, Obertauern-Hundsfeldmoor, Kalkhochalpen, Sieben Möser-Gerlosplatte and Gerzkopf are declared nature and European protected areas . LGBl No. 51/2006 (as amended online, ris.bka ).
  9. Kalkhochalpen in the nature protection book of the state of Salzburg
  10. The name to avoid confusion: "Kalkhochalpen" is a term that is generally used in Austria, and specifically in Upper Austria it describes a regional planning zone
  11. Göll, Hagen, Hochkönig Mountains, Steinernes Meer in the nature protection book of the State of Salzburg