Liver (bobonaro)
| liver | |||
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| Data | |||
| surface | 41.35 km² | ||
| population | 1,225 (2015) | ||
| Chefe de Suco | Joanico da Silva (election 2016) |
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| Aldeias | Population (2015) | ||
| Butuc | 234 | ||
| Holbese | 161 | ||
| Holsa Taz | 297 | ||
| Liver Taz | 352 | ||
| Mabelis | 181 | ||
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Leber is an East Timorese village and Suco in the administrative office of Bobonaro ( municipality of Bobonaro ).
The place
The place Leber is located in the northwest of the Sucos at an altitude of 1280 m above sea level and forms a closed settlement with Butuc ( Bucuk ). There is a primary school in the village.
The Suco
| liver | ||
| places | position | height |
| Butuc | 9 ° 5 ′ S , 125 ° 15 ′ E | 1280 m |
| Holbese | 9 ° 5 ′ S , 125 ° 18 ′ E | 1001 m |
| Holsa | 9 ° 5 ′ S , 125 ° 18 ′ E | 1101 m |
| Jimelai | 9 ° 5 ′ S , 125 ° 16 ′ E | 1182 m |
| liver | 9 ° 5 ′ S , 125 ° 15 ′ E | 1280 m |
| Liver Taz | 9 ° 5 ′ S , 125 ° 17 ′ E | 1146 m |
| Mabelis | 9 ° 6 ′ S , 125 ° 16 ′ E | 950 m |
| Pugu | 9 ° 5 ′ S , 125 ° 16 ′ E | 1182 m |
| Tawaloto | 9 ° 5 ′ S , 125 ° 17 ′ E | 1203 m |
The Suco has 1225 inhabitants (2015), of which 567 are men and 658 women. The population density is 29.6 inhabitants / km². There are 226 households in the Suco. Almost 100% of the population name Bunak as their mother tongue. A small minority speaks Kemak .
Before the 2015 regional reform, Leber had an area of 36.44 km². Now there are 41.35 km². The Suco is located in the southwest of the administrative office of Bobonaro. To the north lies the Suco Tapo , northeast Ai-Assa and Sibuni and in the southeast Molop . To the south lies the administrative office of Lolotoe with the sucos Guda , Deudet , Lontas and Gildapil . In the northwest, Leber borders on the Suco Saburai, which belongs to the Maliana administrative office . The river Lelepo has its source in the center . It flows to the southeast, forms the border between Leber and Molop and finally flows into the Pa , a tributary of the Loumea , which forms the border between Leber in the north and Deudet and Guda in the south. In the west lies the Tapo , at 1934 m the highest mountain in the municipality of Bobonaro. A little south of it is the Leohito mountain at 1925 m .
Besides the location Mabelis are all bigger towns north of the river Lelepo, the northern border with Tapo close. These are from west to east Butuc / Leber , Jimelai , Pugu , Tawaloto , Leber-Taz ( Lebertas ), Holsa and Holbese . In addition to the primary school in Butuc / Leber, there is another one in Holsa.
The five Aldeias Butuc , Holbese , Holsa Taz , Leber-Taz and Mabelis are located in the Suco .
history
The region around Mount Leohito used to belong to the center of the empire of Lamaquitos .
The neighbors Leber, Tapo and Oeleo have had a long conflict behind them. For decades the men of the communities fought each other over land and borders. Violence broke out between them during the 1975 civil war . Tapo and Oeleo were considered strongholds of the UDT and were loyal to the Portuguese colonial administration. Leber was considered the center of the pro- Indonesian APODETI . Tapo residents accuse FRETILIN supporters of driving hundreds of UDT supporters to Cova Lima and West Timor in 1975 . In August 1975 FRETILIN, supported by residents from Tapo and Oeleo, burned down hundreds of houses in Leber, too, and the residents had to flee into the mountains.
During the Indonesian occupation (1975-1999), the villages were initially divided into supporters and opponents of the Indonesians. A special unit of the Indonesian armed forces was stationed in Leber , while FRETILIN now found support in Tapo and Oeleo. In 1976/77 the Indonesian Army repeatedly intervened in the armed conflict. The Indonesians killed civilians in Tapo and Oeleo and destroyed hundreds of houses in Tapo.
In 1977/78 there were attacks by the Indonesian army on settlements in Leber. Hundreds of residents were killed, another 100 died of starvation in the mountains while fleeing. In May 1981, the male residents of Lebers, who were older than 17, were forced to take part in the "Fence of Legs" campaign, during which thousands of civilians roamed the island to track down FALINTIL guerrillas . In the 1990s, young people from Leber joined the anti-Indonesian resistance and raised money for FALINTIL. In 1998, six young people were picked up by Indonesian special forces. One was killed and the others tortured. When the Indonesians founded the Wanra Dadarus Merah Putih in May 1999 , more young people were captured, beaten and houses set on fire. Despite the main support of FRETILIN in Tapo and Oeleo, recruits for the pro-Indonesian militias were also found here .
In 2003 a meeting of representatives from the three sucos was organized. The gathering of events made it clear to them that the political alliances ran across the communities and that all three were suffering from the conflicts. This should make a peaceful future possible.
politics
In the 2004/2005 elections , Ernestina Maia was elected Chefe de Suco. In the 2009 elections , Joanico da Silva won and was confirmed in office in 2016 .
Web links
- Results of the 2010 census for the Suco Leber ( tetum ; PDF; 8.5 MB)
- Results of the 2015 census for the Suco Leber (tetum; PDF)
- Seeds of Life: Suco information sheets Bobonaro (tetum)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Direcção-Geral de Estatística : Results of the 2015 census , accessed on November 23, 2016.
- ↑ a b UNMIT: Timor-Leste District Atlas version 02, August 2008 ( Memento of the original from November 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 535 kB)
- ↑ Fallingrain.com: Directory of Cities, Towns, and Regions in East Timor
- ↑ Results of the 2010 census for the Suco Leber ( tetum ; PDF; 8.5 MB)
- ↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Population Distribution by Administrative Areas Volume 2 English ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (2010 census; PDF; 22.6 MB)
- ↑ a b c d Timor-Leste GIS Portal ( Memento from June 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Nusaland
- ↑ a b Lugares
- ↑ Jornal da Républica with the Diploma Ministerial n. 199/09 ( Memento of February 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (Portuguese; PDF; 323 kB)
- ↑ CAVR report: Part 10: Acolhimento and victim support ( Memento of the original from September 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 518 kB)
- ↑ Secretariado Técnico de Administração Eleitoral STAE: Eleições para Liderança Comunitária 2004/2005 - Resultados ( Memento of August 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Secretariado Técnico de Administração Eleitoral STAE: Eleições para Liderança Comunitária 2009 - Resultados ( Memento of August 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Jornal da República: Lista Naran Xefe Suku Eleito 2016 , December 2, 2016 , accessed on June 17, 2020.
Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap
The administrative borders within East Timor changed in 2015. This article must therefore be checked and updated if necessary. See New Administrative Boundaries .