Liliane Juchli

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Liliane Juchli, 2014

Liliane Juchli SCSC (born October 19, 1933 as Klara Ida Juchli in Nussbaumen / Obersiggenthal ; † November 30, 2020 in Bern ) was a Swiss nurse , Roman Catholic nun of the Sisters of Mercy of the Holy Cross (Ingenbohl Sisters) and nursing scientist .

She has the development, professionalization and teaching of nursing in the entire German, partly also in Dutch and Italian-speaking Europe in the last four decades of the 20th century through the nursing textbook she developed (in the jargon «der Juchli» or Called “die Juchli”). Her name has long become synonymous with the care model of the activities of daily living .

Juchli died on November 30, 2020 in the Bern House for Nursing as a result of a SARS-CoV-2 infection.

life and work

Juchli campaigned for a systematization, structuring, deepening and updating of the existing nursing knowledge. Her main concern was a holistic view of the people being cared for; the wholeness and unity of body, soul and spirit of man. According to their mission statement, care includes both care for the patient (the quality of care) and self-care (the quality of life of the carer).

Education and training, entry into the order

As a child, Juchli developed the desire to get involved in development cooperation. She learned that at that time women were only able to do this through a church institution, which is why Juchli wanted to become a religious sister in order to be sent to the mission areas. After finishing school, at the age of 15, Juchli initially worked as a nurse's assistant in the hospital in Yverdon-les-Bains . This was followed by training as a nurse at the Theodosianum nursing school in Zurich from 1953 to 1956 . In 1956 she entered the Order of the Sisters of Mercy of the Holy Cross (called Ingenbohl Sisters ) at the Ingenbohl Institute , Brunnen , Switzerland; In 1959 she made her profession and took the religious name Sister Liliane. In 1964 she obtained a diploma as a nursing teacher at the management school of the Swiss Red Cross in Zurich and in 1978 as an adult educator at the Lucerne Academy for Adult Education . She also took part in advanced training courses, including as a student with Karlfried Graf Dürckheim in Todtmoos-Rütte (Germany) and on gestalt education with Albert Höfer in Graz ; Juchli completed a logotherapy training according to Viktor Frankl at the Institute for Logotherapy in Tübingen .

Work and teaching

After ten years of nursing activity in various hospitals of all disciplines (e.g. Walenstadt , Locarno , Zurich), Juchli began to teach at the nursing school there after her return to the Theodosianum in 1962, without prior further training in teaching. During the following ten years she worked in school, theory and practice in Aarau , Basel and Zurich. Since Juchli could not fall back on any specialist literature for this area, she developed her own scripts, which she, with the support of the headmistress at the time, put together in the »internship book«, which formed the basis of her later care textbook, which was first published in 1973. From 1971 to 1977 Juchli worked at the nursing school for the Swiss Red Cross (SRK) in Aarau and from 1983 to 1990 she was a lecturer in didactics and nursing. From 1974 Juchli took over the management of the order's own nursing school at the Clara-Spital in Basel and worked on the next edition of the book. According to her own statements, the increased workload led Juchli to a depression of exhaustion, which she needed therapeutic and pastoral support to overcome. In 1979 she interrupted her teaching activities to work again in practical patient care at the Inselspital in Bern for two years . She then began extensive teaching activities in adult education as well as continuing education for nurses, managers and teachers at home and abroad.

Travelers in terms of care

At the beginning of the 1980s, Juchli was released from the order; as an ambassador or “traveler” of care, according to her own statement, more like a “traveler in hope”. As part of her teaching activities and as a speaker at international congresses, she traveled all over Europe, the USA and Taiwan.

The examination of her departure from work resulted in the book Holistic Care - Vision or Reality . As a representative of a generation that had shaped the nursing profession for decades both by tradition and by new ways of thinking, she was aware that a younger generation of nurses had come who saw, shaped and changed care in their own way.

From 1990 she found new fields of activity:

  • Educational work with sisters from various orders and congregations in the third and fourth phases of life, as well as with sisters who accompany, care for and care for old and sick sisters (specialist training in gerontological care),
  • Life courses with topics such as finding meaning and shaping life, life processes and life turns, pain, suffering and borderline experiences as well as the rediscovery of the resources of a healthy life,
  • Life counseling and support (logotherapy and / or pastoral care ).

The changing understanding of care

Nursing developments

A look at the professional history of how Liliane Juchli experienced nursing and how she helped to shape it through her knowledge and teachings:

The 1950s

The pupil experienced nursing as an independent area of ​​the department nurse. This was something like a turntable on site, a point of orientation for the other services such as laboratory , X-ray , physiotherapy , pastoral care . She determined the daily routine, the night watch took care of the patients according to her instructions.

Care was shaped by the personality of the respective department nurse. The student learned from the model; Even if it was primarily about the execution of care services, the needs of the patient were given high priority. In this way, the students acquired intuition -based, individual, independent and often idiosyncratic care.

The 1960s and 1970s

With the development of medicine and nursing in the 1960s, which Juchli experienced as a teacher, a new era began: nursing became increasingly medicine and action-oriented. The technology and doctor-oriented assistance, "serving", developed. Technology was increasingly in demand; Functional care shaped the hospital at this time. Juchli develops care documents and teaches courses of action tailored to the needs of patients. As a result, the first manuscript, Comprehensive Nursing, was published in 1971 , which became the forerunner of the nursing book.

In the 1970s, the mechanization and medical orientation of nursing increased further. Combined with increasing discomfort on the part of the carers themselves, this situation led to the so-called ' care emergency ' towards the end of this period . Headlines like: "Dehumanization in the hospital" and "Health care gone sick" appeared in the press. A surge of change was due, an awareness of the weighty role of the nursing profession awoke and grew.

The 1980s and 1990s

A new development is taking off, which is diametrically opposed to the previous one: Juchli is developing a new concept for the 4th and 5th edition of the standard work on the basis of holistic and networked thinking. At the same time, the WHO is propagating a new understanding of health and developing models for more responsibility for individuals and society. The Age Research develops new life stage models worn by the changing age structure of the account and the life period " Age gives" more differentiated attention. The ecologists fight for an environmentally friendly way of life and for the networking of disintegrated systems in nature and the living environment. In the nursing profession, a more conscious professional and self-image is developing. New nursing theories, models and concepts are developed that trigger a more conscious integration of the problem-solving and relationship process and the strengthening of professionalization . The function care is being replaced by care and patient-oriented models . Nursing science and research are establishing themselves. Dedicated nurses and nurses campaigned for access to universities and the recognition of universities of applied sciences.

Juchli supported these efforts, encouraged them and exerted influence wherever the opportunity arose. Her main concern was:

  • The concern about the quality of care in the specific field of practice.
  • The promotion and targeted support of quality assurance in day-to-day care with corresponding training and further education offers for theory and practice.

As much as Liliane Juchli emphasized the importance of the academization of nursing, her main concern was and remained to support and promote the quality of nursing in the specific field of practice. The new thinking on which the 4th edition is based - and with it a new understanding of nursing care - has been consolidated and developed further in the following years. To this end, three focal points are mentioned here:

Image of man, human dignity

According to Liliane Juchli, a body that functions as a machine, which at most imagines it touches soul and spirit, is an abbreviated image of man. For them it is clear that the basis of holistic care and the basis of holistic thinking - the worldview and the human image - must also be holistic. So has z. B. every woman also male and every man also female parts. However, depending on their cultural, social and individual character, these are lived or repressed quite differently. Where a society promotes repression, it promotes a one-sided, in this case sexist, human image. This irrespective of the human goal of wholeness, which is required of men and women alike. This means that the one-sided feminine or masculine attitude and classification (of course in: man above - ordering, knowing, leading; woman below - executing, depending on instructions, docile) must be revised.

Sister Liliane stood up for human dignity all her life ; this commitment is at the center of her life, a value that lived deeply in her and urged her work. It describes dignity as the highest human value, as well as a counterforce to a performance society that is confronted with a demographic change in which people are getting older and older.

The maintenance of humanity and human dignity in our hospitals and homes must not be left to the caregivers alone. A positive mastery requires the interaction of all forces, political-social as well as ethical responsibility.

The activities of daily living as a model of life

The different levels of the ATL (based on the pyramid by Maslow )

In the 8th edition of her standard work, Juchli defined the historical background of the activities of daily life (ATL): Just as there are healthy and sick as traditional primal experiences of humans, there are also "models of healthy life". Their occidental roots find their classic expression in the » Corpus Hippocraticum «, which is known as the “dietary model” and can still be considered today as the roots of all models that deal with life care and health education.

The six basic themes of healthy living described in it have been further developed in the course of history by different thinkers and given different names according to the time. If Hippocrates still speaks of the six things, Hildegard von Bingen (1098–1179) has six rules, which Heinrich Schipperges (1988) recently referred to as the control circuits of the order of life. In questioning the basic motivations of humans, Abraham Maslow (1954) introduced the concept of basic needs. Virginia Henderson first related this to nursing. Nancy Roper later uses the concept of life activities; Juchli preferred the term »activities of daily living« (ATL). What all models have in common is the attempt to say something about life, the expressions of life and the art of healthy living.

Juchli describes the 12 ATL in relation to their effects on life itself (health care, self-care) and on the perception and observation of sick people. She sees the ATL as an instrument for the implementation of a holistic care process because they encompass all levels of human existence: the physiological, the personal-social and the spiritual. As a result, the order in which the ATL lists it is not a random sequence.

Physiological level

  1. Be awake and sleep
  2. Move
  3. Wash and dress
  4. To eat and drink
  5. Retirement
  6. Regulate body temperature
  7. To breathe

Personnel-social level

8. Feel and act safe
9. Shaping space and time - working and playing

Including spiritual level

10. Communicate
11. Being a child, a woman, a man
12. Find meaning in becoming, being, passing away

For Juchli it is also important to have a holistic view of perception such as:

  • Influencing factors in all areas of life: physical (biophysical), emotional and spiritual, social (including economic, societal, political and cultural) and ecological factors.
  • Observation of healthy and sick expressions of life. The most important information on the respective subject area is offered.
  • Care for the healthy, which takes into account both aspects of health education and health promotion.

Since the content of the Juchli model was based on everyday nursing, it spread rapidly and served as the basis for further models.

Holism

The areas and expressions of the person. “Person” is dynamic, wants to express himself (personare), strives beyond himself.

Juchli tried to bring the basic knowledge of philosophy and physics into nursing, so the knowledge that a whole is more than the sum of its parts. Wholeness is not something closed, homogeneous, uniformly perceptible. Rather, the holistic character shows itself in properties that cannot be found on any of the isolated parts, e.g. B. in the expression of the face of a person in his feeling in a difficult life situation, in illness, suffering or joy etc.

Seeing people holistically means understanding them in their entirety, in all of their dimensions - physical, psychological and spiritual. Wholeness is a body-soul-spiritual unity. This realization requires the practice of more complex thinking, network thinking.

Diversity is a characteristic of holistic care, it is the basis on which creativity, the flash of inspiration and intuition find their place - ultimately the art of care. Here, cognitive thinking and creative and creative sensing (male and female values) shake hands.

When talking about professional or holistic care, it is important to look - whether the patient really benefits from it, whether the structures allow such an approach at all and whether caregivers give space to life and vitality, including their own life and well-being. Because "healing care" stands or falls with the health and wellbeing of the caregiver. Holistic thinking is a necessary prerequisite for holistic action. The carers themselves become more holistic. Because holistic care is geared equally to the healthy (resources, self-care potential) and the sick (problems, deficits, need for help).

According to Juchli, true professionalism is only fulfilled in the reality of holistic life, it draws from the depths of faith, hope and love just as it lives from teaching and research.

Alternative, additive or complementary practices that can be effective in nursing are also aimed directly at people. They are based on a holistic understanding of health and see themselves as an aid to self-help, as an introduction to more responsibility (awareness-raising) in the integration of body, soul and spirit.

The nursing textbook

The nursing book written by Juchli, known in professional circles as "die" or "der Juchli", was created from collected worksheets that she had developed for her students as a young school nurse in the 1960s. Until then, books on nursing were written exclusively by doctors, who described the nursing activity as being a doctor's assistant. It was also made available to the graduates as a bound book entitled Comprehensive Nursing . This 300-page manuscript was soon sought after in Germany as one of the few maintenance books of the post-war period. Finally, Thieme-Verlag published it as a textbook; a new edition appeared every three to four years. Since then, it has been the standard work for care in the German-speaking area for decades up to modern times; more than a million copies have been sold.

The titles of the various editions

Based on the title of this book, its development over the years can be read. These titles are also an expression of the search for identity in a profession that had to face new challenges.

  • 1953–1969 worksheets are used to create a 300-page “internship booklet”, which is initially only used as a bound book at the Theodosianum school.
  • 1969 "Comprehensive Nursing - Basic Nursing-Treatment Care" appears as a manuscript from the Theodosianum school; then
  • 1971 as Liliane Juchli, Beda Högger: Comprehensive nursing. at Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart; ISBN 3-13-484901-1 .
  • 1973 »General and Special Nursing«, 1st – 3rd Edition
    • Liliane Juchli: General and special nursing: a teaching u. Study book. 1st edition. Thieme, Stuttgart 1973, ISBN 3-13-500001-X .
  • In 1978, 1982 and 1989 100, 250 and 550 thousand copies were sold in total (Thieme-Verlag)
  • 1983, 1987 and 1991 "Nursing - Practice and Theory of Health Promotion and Care of the Sick", 4th – 6th Edition; the 1,000-page mark is reached. The Book Art Foundation honors the 5th edition as the most beautiful book of the year . With this edition A. Vogel leaves the didactic participation.
  • 1994–1997 »Nursing - Practice and Theory of Health and Nursing«, 7. u. 8th edition
  • With the 8th edition, Juchli is handing this work over to Thieme-Verlag, which continues it as "Thiemes Pflege".
  • 2009 Thiemes Pflege: the textbook for nurses in training , 11th edition, Schewior-Popp, Susanne Hrsg., With a plea by Liliane Juchli and Ursula Geissner on the sustainable importance of the ATL in nursing, ISBN 978-3-13-500011- 4th
  • 2012 Thiemes Pflege: the textbook for nurses in training. : 302 tables; (Learning control questions and care planning on CD-ROM) / Ed. Susanne Schewior-Popp; Authors: Franz Sitzmann; Lothar Ullrich; Founded by Liliane Juchli; ISBN 978-3-13-500012-1

Juchli's standard work has meanwhile far exceeded the one million circulation. This work has also appeared in several editions in Italian and Dutch, for example: 1980 "Leerboek verpleegkunde - Basisverpleegkunde", Juchli, Liliane, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2 ed .; 1994 "L 'assistenza infermieristica di base", Juchli, Liliane, Rosini, Firenze, 3rd ed. Italiana.

Personal crisis and a new perspective (1979–1981)

After the third edition of her textbook, Sister Liliane Juchli worked as the headmistress of a nursing school in Basel and at the same time as a teacher at the nursing schools of the SRK in Zurich and Aarau, and was also active in various working and project groups and as a book author. Due to the various challenges, Juchli suffered depression from exhaustion, which she was able to overcome with the help of therapy and pastoral care.

It was at this time that the decision to redesign the fourth edition of the nursing book was made. With its publication (1983), Liliane Juchli broke through the traditional way of thinking in nursing, to which she had orientated herself until then; a more action-oriented model with a focus on basic care , treatment care and care for organ diseases, which primarily addressed the deficits of the patient. The title of the new edition "Nursing - Practice and Theory of Health Promotion and Nursing the Sick" conveyed a new perspective: away from the deficit model towards a primary focus on the healthy, with care being much more focused than before on individual resources as well as physical and should orientate people's spiritual needs. In Juchli's view, nursing should not only focus on illness, but also on health and what is healthy; Care is "primarily help to self-help, [...] which is provided by the whole person and means the whole person".

Based on the care literature that was available to Juchli at the time, she developed her own approach: the activities of daily life. This rethinking about being human and caring for it was prepared by taking a break, which enabled her to reflect on life values ​​as well as to study the fundamentals of human sciences such as philosophy, psychology and theology. In a two-year practical assignment in almost all care areas, she was able to check the theoretical knowledge with the concrete reality at the patient's bed and finally prepare it as the basis for the new edition. After the fourth edition was published, Juchli received a large number of inquiries about further training, especially on the subject of " holistic care ". Soon afterwards she published a book entitled Healing through Rediscovering Wholeness , which summarized the contents and experiences of seminars on this topic.

Passion for the possible

Liliane Juchli describes what was important to her, also as a "passion for what is possible"; perhaps also as what can be made possible:

Words away
- Juchli's most important motto: I care for who I am.

Works (selection)

  • Being and acting - an ABC for nurses and carers. RECOM Basel, 1987, ISBN 3-7244-8646-4
  • What sick people need. Help for holistic care. Herder Freiburg, 1988, ISBN 3-451-21025-8
  • Care - support - life: sick and handicapped people at home - an ABC for all concerned. F. Reinhardt Basel, 1992, ISBN 3-7245-0576-0
  • Getting old - being old: An ABC for accompanying and looking after the elderly. RECOM Basel, 1993, ISBN 3-7244-8649-9
  • Healing by rediscovering wholeness. Kreuz Stuttgart, 1993, ISBN 3-7831-0794-6
  • Images of Depression - Living with the Forces of the Deep. Kreuz Stuttgart, 1993, ISBN 3-7831-0870-5
  • Holistic care: vision or reality. RECOM Basel, 1993, ISBN 3-315-00076-X
  • Where to put my pain Herder Freiburg, 1996, ISBN 3-451-04212-6
  • Somebody's land - man's way of salvation. (together with Silja Walter and Michaele Puzicha); Paulus Freiburg i.Ü., 1997, ISBN 3-7228-0420-5

The care textbook associated with Liliane Juchli's name in its various editions and titles see above. Liliane Juchli remained the author / editor of this textbook with various title changes up to and including its eighth edition.

Some books have also been published in Dutch and Italian.

literature

Liliane Juchli, approx. 2007
  • gsh innovation team (ed.): Liliane Juchli - A contemporary document of care. The life and work of Liliane Juchli . gsh-Verlag, Dietzenbach 1998 (no ISBN).
  • Trudi von Fellenberg-Bitzi : Liliane Juchli - a life for care. Thieme, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-13-173021-3 .

Movie

At the beginning of 2013 (for Liliane Juchli's 80th birthday) a film was made about her with the title Suffering creates care - a life for human dignity . Director: Marianne Pletscher . The film premiered on the occasion of the Health Symposium on 23/24. January 2013 in St. Gallen , organized by the St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital .

honors and awards

Sr. Liliane Juchli Library

Juchli's complete works have been made available to the public since June 2014 in the Sr. Liliane Juchli Library in Siebnen (CH) and contain:

  • all of her books and published monographs
  • all anthologies that contain one of your articles
  • a collection of her professional articles since 1980
  • all of her lectures since 1979
  • a collection of photographs about their work
  • a digital archive with video and sound recordings
  • various loans from her and from Ingenbohl Abbey

Web links

Commons : Liliane Juchli  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Stephan Lücke: Biographical conversation. "There is no professional care without charity". In: Die Sister Der Pfleger , 25 September 2018, p. 14
  2. ↑ "Great Pioneer" of German-speaking nursing dies - mourning for sister Liliane Juchli. In: BibliomedPflege. November 30, 2020, accessed on December 1, 2020 (German).
  3. ↑ a b c Stephan Lücke: Biographical conversation. "There is no professional care without charity". In: Die Sister Der Pfleger , 25 September 2018, p. 16
  4. ↑ a b book: Liliane Juchli - A contemporary document of care. The life and work of Liliane Juchli pp. 39ff, 129, 44
  5. ↑ Sr. Liliane Juchli Library. To person. lilianejuchli.ch; accessed on December 2, 2020
  6. ↑ a b c d e Biographical conversation. "There is no professional care without charity". In: Die Sister Der Pfleger , 25 September 2018, p. 17
  7. ↑ Nursing sister receives medal. tagblatt.ch, August 3, 2018; accessed on December 2, 2020
  8. ^ From a presentation by Sr. Liliane on the occasion of 10 years of nursing studies at the Alice Salomon University of Applied Sciences, Berlin; in German nursing journal 3/1988
  9. ↑ a b Book: Holistic Care: Vision or Reality Sect. "The Unity in Diversity", "Movement of Departure - Trends in Wholeness"
  10. ^ Siegfried Huhn: Nursing philosopher and great humanist. In: Die Sister Der Pfleger, edition 10/2018, p. 21
  11. ↑ Stephan Lücke: Sister Liliane Juchli: “There is no professional care without charity.” In: Die Sister Der Pfleger, Edition 10/2018, p. 13
  12. ↑ Book: Liliane Juchli - Ein Zeitschrift der Pflege , p. 203
  13. ↑ a b Stefan Lücke: Sister Liliane Juchli: "There is no professional care without charity". In: Die Sister Der Pfleger , 25 September 2018, p. 18.
  14. ↑ The book Studying is about trying. Anniversary publication of the Master in Nursing Science, WE'G Aarau, CH - University of Maastricht, NL 2006, ISBN 978-3-033-00979-0
  15. ↑ These come from your books. Retrieved on April 24, 2014 (More "Wegworte" from Sr. Liliane can be found on pflegewiki.de).
  16. ↑ Trailer of the film. Retrieved April 24, 2014 .
  17. ↑ Health Symposium. Retrieved April 24, 2014 .
  18. ↑ Granting of honorary citizenship of the Obersiggenthal community to Sister Dr. hc Liliane Juchli. Retrieved April 24, 2014 .
  19. ↑ Well-known Liliane Juchli is an honorary citizen of Obersiggenthal. SRF Swiss Radio and Television, accessed on April 24, 2014 .
  20. ↑ Award ceremony for special commitment in out-of-hospital intensive care / first 'aIP Award' in the Maritim Hotel in Cologne. (No longer available online.) September 2, 2016, archived from the original on October 10, 2016 ; accessed on October 10, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.presseportal.de
  21. ↑ Swiss nursing pioneer receives from the German Ambassador Norbert Riedel in the Hotel Maritim in Cologne. In: highest distinction. July 30, 2018, accessed August 4, 2018 .
  22. ↑ Quality of Life Foundation. Sr. Liliane Juchli's field of activity, accessed on February 9, 2015 .
personal data
SURNAME Juchli, Liliane
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss nun and nursing scientist
DATE OF BIRTH October 19, 1933
PLACE OF BIRTH Obersiggenthal
DATE OF DEATH November 30, 2020
Place of death Bern