House Arenberg
The house Arenberg (also Aremberg ) is a noble family of the German high nobility , which was resident in the Eifel , was named after the castle Aremberg in the district of Ahrweiler and after the extinction of the original family von Arenberg in the male line a sideline of the counts to the mark or later the Lords of Ligne represents. The original domain was the rule, later the county or duchy of Arenberg . This area went under in the course of the First Coalition War . After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , the Duchy of Arenberg-Meppen was created . The current head of the House of Arenberg holds the title of Duke, while the remaining family members hold the title of Prince or Princess.
history
1. Noble Free von Arenberg, Burgrave of Cologne, 12th century
The noble-free von Arenberg family was accessible from 1117–1129 and was first mentioned in 1166. She temporarily held the office of burgrave in Cologne , which she sold to the archbishop in 1279. There were two main areas of ownership. The first was around the ancestral castle Aremberg in the Ahreifel , the second on the Sieg ( Kirburg and Wissen with Schönstein Castle ). The possession of the Sieg probably came to the family through the marriage of Eberhard von Arenberg to Aleidis von Molsberg . Aleidis was heir to the noble lords of Freusburg . Eberhard's sons shared ownership of the victory. Heinrich received the property south of the river and continued to call himself "von Arenberg", Gerhard received the property north and called himself " von Wildenburg " (also "Wildenfels"). The main line died out around 1280 (before 1281) in the male line.
2. Arenberg of the tribe of the Counts of the Mark , 1299
By marriage of the heiress Mathilde with Engelbert II. Von der Mark (1308-1328) the property came in 1299 to the Counts of the Marks and the second line of the Counts of Arenberg arose. Engelbert gave the county of Aremberg to his second son Johann as an independent heir.
3. Arenberg of the Ligne tribe , 1549
When after the death of Robert III. This line was also extinct in the male line, his sister Margaretha married on October 18, 1547 Johann von Ligne (Jean de Ligne), through his father Ludwig Erbe, among other things, the barony of Barbençon and through his mother heir of goods of the lords of Glimes-Bergen op zoom . The connection between Margaretha and Jean de Ligne, who took the name Arenberg in 1549, created the third line of the House of Arenberg (Arenberg-Ligne), which was elevated to the rank of imperial count by Charles V in 1549 and Prince Maximilian II in 1576. The focus of ownership was thus relocated to the Spanish Netherlands ; The Arenbergers were - like the Lignes - loyal followers of the Habsburgs , which continued in the era of the Austrian Netherlands from 1714.
In 1606 or 1607 Karl von Arenberg bought the lordships of Enghien and Rebecq from Heinrich IV. In 1612 his family received the duchy of Aarschot from the inheritance of his wife Anne de Croÿ . 1644 was Arenberg by Ferdinand III. finally raised to the duchy.
As compensation for the losses of the left-bank territory during the First Coalition War were Duke Louis Engelbert d'Arenberg from the Feb. 25, 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the Office Meppen from the Bishopric of Münster and Recklinghausen Vest awarded from the Archbishopric of Cologne, a total area of 660 square kilometers with 76,000 Inhabitants, from which the northern part was later named as the Duchy of Arenberg-Meppen . This was annexed by France in 1810. The Congress of Vienna gave the territory back to the dukes, but they lost sovereignty for the Meppen office to the Kingdom of Hanover and for Vest Recklinghausen to Prussia. As noblemen , the dukes were able to retain certain privileges for a long time, especially in the Kingdom of Hanover. These were not completely repealed until 1875.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Duke Engelbert-Maria von Arenberg still owned around 20,000 hectares of real estate in Belgium, the castles of Enghien, Heverlee, Wisbecq, the Palais d'Egmont on the Place du Petit Sablon in Brussels, and also mostly from purchases of real estate in the area of Meppen (Emsland) and Herzford Castle on the Lower Rhine, which he added in 1903 to include the "Westphalian Versailles", Nordkirchen Castle . However, because he took part in the invasion of the German armies in Belgium as a reserve officer of the Prussian guard cuirassier regiment in 1914 and then belonged to Army High Command VII during the First World War , he was ridiculed by the Belgian press as " Boche du Petit Sablon" and in the defeat of Germany in 1918 Immediately expropriated or forced to sell, so that he lost the entire historical family property in Belgium in a very short time. A small forest estate in Champlon-Famenne (Belgium) and a property acquired through marriage in Gerbéviller (Lorraine) are still part of the family today. He brought the property in the Emsland, which was expanded to around 13,000 hectares, and other properties in the South Munsterland, acquired in 1903, to Arenberg-Meppen GmbH and in 1932 to Arenberg-Nordkirchen GmbH as well as Arenberg-Recklinghausen GmbH, Arenberg-Schleiden GmbH and Arenberg-Düsseldorf GmbH, of which his three children became shareholders. His son, the Hereditary Prince (later Duke) Engelbert Karl von Arenberg (also "Englebert-Charles") left his shares in 1974 to his widow, Duchess Mathildis von Arenberg, nee. Calley, which she bequeathed to the charitable "Stiftung Herzog Englebert-Charles and Duchess Mathildis von Arenberg" after her death in 1989.
The Arenberg Castle in Heverlee, Belgium; from today University of Leuven used
Nordkirchen Castle , today a university of applied sciences and museum, family-owned from 1903–1932, indirectly owned by Arenberg-Nordkirchen GmbH from 1932–1959
Hunting lodge Clemenswerth , family owned 1803–1928, from 1928 to 1968 indirectly owned by Arenberg-Meppen GmbH
coat of arms
The ancestral Arms of the House Arenberg is as follows described : "In Red three (2: 1) five-leaved golden Mispelblüten (in some versions with red slug). On the helmet with red and gold covers a natural-colored peacock feather covered with the three flowers (also a fan-shaped umbrella board , like the shield, with peacock feathers on top). "
Coat of arms of Claude de Vergy
(* 1496; † 1560), knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece , a coat of arms and apparently also a tribe with that of Arenberg
Counts, princes, dukes and chiefs of Arenberg
Burgraves of Cologne, Lords and Counts of Arenberg
- 1032 Ulrich, burgrave of Cologne
- 1061-1074 Franco I.
- 1082-1135 Arnold
- 1106–1135 Franco II.
- 1136–1159 Heinrich I.
- Gerhard
- 1166 / 67–1197 Heinrich II. De Arberg
- Eberhard (1200–1218) ⚭ Aleidis von Molsberg (also called Countess von Freusburg )
- Henry III. (1220–1252)
- Gerhard ⚭ Mechthild von Holte
- Johann (1267–1280), ⚭ Johanna von Jülich, sold the Cologne burgrave office in 1279
- Mechthild / Mathilde, ⚭ 1299 Count Engelbert II. Von der Mark .
Counts of Arenberg
- 1299–1328 Count Engelbert II von der Mark
- 1328–1387 Count Eberhard von der Mark , Lord of Aremberg
- 1387–1454 Count Eberhard II von der Marck-Arenberg
- 1454–1480 Count Johann von der Marck-Arenberg
- 1480–1496 Count Eberhard III. from the Mark-Arenberg
- 1496 - ???? Count Robert I. von der Marck-Arenberg
- ???? - 1536 Count Robert II von der Marck-Arenberg
- 1536–1541 Count Robert III. from the Marck-Arenberg
- after this line in the male line died out, his sister Margarethe (1541–1596) married Count Johann von Ligne in 1547
House Ligne
- 1541–1547 Countess Margaretha von der Marck-Arenberg (1527–1599)
- 1547–1568 Count Johann von Ligne , since 1549 Imperial Count of Arenberg
- 1568–1616 Count Karl von Arenberg (raised to prince in 1576)
Prince of Arenberg
- 1576–1616 Prince Karl von Arenberg , married Anna von Croÿ, Duchess and heiress of Aarschot
- 1616–1640 Philipp Karl von Arenberg (* 1587, † 1640) Prince of Arenberg and Duke of Aarschot
- 1640–1674 Philipp Franz von Arenberg (* 1625, † 1674), made Duke in 1644
Dukes of Arenberg
- 1644–1674 Philipp Franz von Arenberg (* 1625, † 1674), first Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
- 1674–1681 Karl Eugen von Arenberg (* 1633, † 1681), Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
- 1681–1691 Philipp Karl Franz von Arenberg (* 1663, † August 25, 1691) Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
- 1691–1754 Leopold Philipp von Arenberg (* 1690, † 1754), Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
- 1754–1778 Karl Maria Raimund von Arenberg (* 1721, † 1778) Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
- 1778–1803 Ludwig Engelbert von Arenberg (born August 3, 1750 in Brussels , † March 7, 1820), Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot, Duke of Meppen and Prince of Recklinghausen, went blind in 1775, resigned in 1803
- 1803–1861 Prosper Ludwig von Arenberg (* 1785, † 1861), last ruling Duke of Arenberg, Aarschot and Meppen, Prince of Recklinghausen
- 1861–1875 Engelbert-August von Arenberg (* 1824, † 1875) Duke of Arenberg, Aarschot and Meppen, Prince of Recklinghausen
- 1875–1919 Engelbert-Maria von Arenberg (born August 10, 1872, † January 15, 1949) Duke of Arenberg, Aarschot and Meppen, Prince of Recklinghausen, head of the House of Arenberg
Heads of the Arenberg family after 1918
- 1919–1949 Engelbert-Maria von Arenberg (born August 10, 1872, † January 15, 1949)
- 1949–1974 Engelbert Karl von Arenberg (born April 20, 1899 in Heverlee , † April 27, 1974 Monte Carlo )
- 1974–1992 Erik von Arenberg (born October 17, 1901 in Heverlee , † September 13, 1992 in Punta del Este , Uruguay )
- 1992–2011 Duke Jean Engelbert von Arenberg (* July 14, 1921 in The Hague † August 15, 2011 in Lausanne- Ouchy; 1993 Belgian recognition as head of the house with the title Duke of Arenberg)
- since 2011 Duke Léopold von Arenberg (born February 20, 1956 in Tervuren )
Other important personalities of the Arenberg family
- Amalie Luise von Arenberg (1789–1823), married to Pius August in Bavaria , mother of Duke Max Joseph in Bavaria and grandmother of Empress Elisabeth of Austria .
- Franz von Arenberg (Franz von Assisi Ludwig Prinz von Arenberg; 1849–1907), member of the Prussian House of Representatives and the Reichstag
- Maria Viktoria Pauline von Arenberg (1714–1793), wife of the last Margrave of Baden-Baden
- August Maria Raimund zu Arenberg (1753–1833), French officer and member of the Constituent Assembly
- Philipp von Arenberg (1848–1906), Cathedral Chapter in Eichstätt
Portrait gallery
Countess Margaretha von der Marck-Arenberg (1527–1599)
Count Johann von Ligne , Count of Arenberg since 1549 (1525–1568)
Karl von Arenberg (1550–1616), prince since 1576
Philipp Karl von Arenberg (1587–1640) Prince of Arenberg and Duke of Aarschot
Philipp Franz von Arenberg (1625–1674), made Duke in 1644
Karl Eugen von Arenberg (1633–1681), Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
Philipp Karl Franz von Arenberg (1663–1691), Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
Leopold Philipp von Arenberg (1690–1754), Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
Karl Maria Raimund von Arenberg (1721–1778), Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot
Maria Viktoria Pauline von Arenberg (1714–1793), Margravine of Baden-Baden
Ludwig Engelbert von Arenberg (1750–1820), Duke of Arenberg and Aarschot, Duke of Meppen and Prince of Recklinghausen, Comte de l'Empire
Prosper Ludwig von Arenberg (1785–1861), last ruling Duke of Arenberg, Aarschot and Meppen, Prince of Recklinghausen
Engelbert-August von Arenberg (1824–1875), Duke of Arenberg, Aarschot and Meppen, Prince of Recklinghausen
Others
The Arenberg house was a co-owner and namesake of the Arenberg mining company. The hard coal mines Zeche Prosper and Zeche Arenberg-Continuation in Bottrop were named after members of this family. Some of the family's considerable estates are managed by Arenberg-Schleiden GmbH, while some of the former family estates are managed by Arenberg-Meppen GmbH , which is no longer family-owned.
literature
- Alexander V. Dachenhausen: Family table of the ducal house of Arenberg since the middle of the 16th century and its descent from the Counts of the Mark . Rein, Brussels 1905 ( digitized version )
- Hellmuth Gensicke: State history of the Westerwald . 3. Edition. Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 3-922244-80-7 .
- Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 (Art. Arenberg p. 23f., Art. Croy (Herzog) p. 125)
- Heinrich Neu: Arenberg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 341 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Peter Neu: The Arenbergs and the Arenberger Land. Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 1989–2001, 6 vols.
- Emsländischer Heimatbund (Ed.): The Arenbergers in Emsland, Sögel 2003.
- William D. Godsey, Veronika Hyden-Hanscho (ed.): The House of Arenberg and the Habsburg Monarchy. A transterritorial aristocratic family between prince service and independence (16th – 20th centuries) . Schnell & Steiner 2019, ISBN 978-3-7954-3299-7
See also
Web links
- Arenberg Foundation
- Köbler, Gerhard: "Historisches Lexikon der Deutschen Länder", p. 23
- Arenberg - coat of arms
swell
- ↑ The Duke and the Princes and Princesses of Arenberg . The Arenberg Foundation.
- ^ Gerhard Köbler: Art. Arensberg. In: ders., Historical Lexicon of the German States. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 23f.
- ^ Annals of the Historical Association for the Lower Rhine, especially the Old Archdiocese of Cologne, issue 211/2008, Cologne 2009, p. 250 f. ( Digitized version )
- ^ Arenberg Foundation Genealogy
- ^ Hermann Grote, Stammtafeln, Leipzig 1877, p. 294
- ↑ Excerpt from the Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility (Gotha) ( Memento from December 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Arenbergfoundation.eu: Excerpt from the Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility (Gotha) ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: Biography: SAS le Duc (Jean-Engelbert) d'Arenberg ) (PDF; 223 kB), Order of the Knights of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem , September 2011 (French)