House Arenberg

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Coat of arms of the Dukes of Arenberg

The house Arenberg (also Aremberg ) is a noble family of the German high nobility , which was resident in the Eifel , was named after the castle Aremberg in the district of Ahrweiler and after the extinction of the original family von Arenberg in the male line a sideline of the counts to the mark or later the Lords of Ligne represents. The original domain was the rule, later the county or duchy of Arenberg . This area went under in the course of the First Coalition War . After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , the Duchy of Arenberg-Meppen was created . The current head of the House of Arenberg holds the title of Duke, while the remaining family members hold the title of Prince or Princess.

history

The Aremberg , Ahreifel

1. Noble Free von Arenberg, Burgrave of Cologne, 12th century

The noble-free von Arenberg family was accessible from 1117–1129 and was first mentioned in 1166. She temporarily held the office of burgrave in Cologne , which she sold to the archbishop in 1279. There were two main areas of ownership. The first was around the ancestral castle Aremberg in the Ahreifel , the second on the Sieg ( Kirburg and Wissen with Schönstein Castle ). The possession of the Sieg probably came to the family through the marriage of Eberhard von Arenberg to Aleidis von Molsberg . Aleidis was heir to the noble lords of Freusburg . Eberhard's sons shared ownership of the victory. Heinrich received the property south of the river and continued to call himself "von Arenberg", Gerhard received the property north and called himself " von Wildenburg " (also "Wildenfels"). The main line died out around 1280 (before 1281) in the male line.

2. Arenberg of the tribe of the Counts of the Mark , 1299

By marriage of the heiress Mathilde with Engelbert II. Von der Mark (1308-1328) the property came in 1299 to the Counts of the Marks and the second line of the Counts of Arenberg arose. Engelbert gave the county of Aremberg to his second son Johann as an independent heir.

3. Arenberg of the Ligne tribe , 1549

When after the death of Robert III. This line was also extinct in the male line, his sister Margaretha married on October 18, 1547 Johann von Ligne (Jean de Ligne), through his father Ludwig Erbe, among other things, the barony of Barbençon and through his mother heir of goods of the lords of Glimes-Bergen op zoom . The connection between Margaretha and Jean de Ligne, who took the name Arenberg in 1549, created the third line of the House of Arenberg (Arenberg-Ligne), which was elevated to the rank of imperial count by Charles V in 1549 and Prince Maximilian II in 1576. The focus of ownership was thus relocated to the Spanish Netherlands ; The Arenbergers were - like the Lignes - loyal followers of the Habsburgs , which continued in the era of the Austrian Netherlands from 1714.

Karl von Arenberg and Anne de Croÿ with children (around 1593)

In 1606 or 1607 Karl von Arenberg bought the lordships of Enghien and Rebecq from Heinrich IV. In 1612 his family received the duchy of Aarschot from the inheritance of his wife Anne de Croÿ . 1644 was Arenberg by Ferdinand III. finally raised to the duchy.

As compensation for the losses of the left-bank territory during the First Coalition War were Duke Louis Engelbert d'Arenberg from the Feb. 25, 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the Office Meppen from the Bishopric of Münster and Recklinghausen Vest awarded from the Archbishopric of Cologne, a total area of 660 square kilometers with 76,000 Inhabitants, from which the northern part was later named as the Duchy of Arenberg-Meppen . This was annexed by France in 1810. The Congress of Vienna gave the territory back to the dukes, but they lost sovereignty for the Meppen office to the Kingdom of Hanover and for Vest Recklinghausen to Prussia. As noblemen , the dukes were able to retain certain privileges for a long time, especially in the Kingdom of Hanover. These were not completely repealed until 1875.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Duke Engelbert-Maria von Arenberg still owned around 20,000 hectares of real estate in Belgium, the castles of Enghien, Heverlee, Wisbecq, the Palais d'Egmont on the Place du Petit Sablon in Brussels, and also mostly from purchases of real estate in the area of ​​Meppen (Emsland) and Herzford Castle on the Lower Rhine, which he added in 1903 to include the "Westphalian Versailles", Nordkirchen Castle . However, because he took part in the invasion of the German armies in Belgium as a reserve officer of the Prussian guard cuirassier regiment in 1914 and then belonged to Army High Command VII during the First World War , he was ridiculed by the Belgian press as " Boche du Petit Sablon" and in the defeat of Germany in 1918 Immediately expropriated or forced to sell, so that he lost the entire historical family property in Belgium in a very short time. A small forest estate in Champlon-Famenne (Belgium) and a property acquired through marriage in Gerbéviller (Lorraine) are still part of the family today. He brought the property in the Emsland, which was expanded to around 13,000 hectares, and other properties in the South Munsterland, acquired in 1903, to Arenberg-Meppen GmbH and in 1932 to Arenberg-Nordkirchen GmbH as well as Arenberg-Recklinghausen GmbH, Arenberg-Schleiden GmbH and Arenberg-Düsseldorf GmbH, of which his three children became shareholders. His son, the Hereditary Prince (later Duke) Engelbert Karl von Arenberg (also "Englebert-Charles") left his shares in 1974 to his widow, Duchess Mathildis von Arenberg, nee. Calley, which she bequeathed to the charitable "Stiftung Herzog Englebert-Charles and Duchess Mathildis von Arenberg" after her death in 1989.

coat of arms

The ancestral Arms of the House Arenberg is as follows described : "In Red three (2: 1) five-leaved golden Mispelblüten (in some versions with red slug). On the helmet with red and gold covers a natural-colored peacock feather covered with the three flowers (also a fan-shaped umbrella board , like the shield, with peacock feathers on top). "

  • Family coat of arms of the von Arenberg family

  • Coat of arms of the Dukes of Arenberg based on Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605

  • Coat of arms of Claude de Vergy
    (* 1496; † 1560), knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece , a coat of arms and apparently also a tribe with that of Arenberg

Counts, princes, dukes and chiefs of Arenberg

Burgraves of Cologne, Lords and Counts of Arenberg

  • 1032 Ulrich, burgrave of Cologne
  • 1061-1074 Franco I.
  • 1082-1135 Arnold
  • 1106–1135 Franco II.
  • 1136–1159 Heinrich I.
  • Gerhard
  • 1166 / 67–1197 Heinrich II. De Arberg
  • Eberhard (1200–1218) ⚭ Aleidis von Molsberg (also called Countess von Freusburg )
  • Henry III. (1220–1252)
  • Gerhard ⚭ Mechthild von Holte
  • Johann (1267–1280), ⚭ Johanna von Jülich, sold the Cologne burgrave office in 1279
  • Mechthild / Mathilde, ⚭ 1299 Count Engelbert II. Von der Mark .

Counts of Arenberg

Johann von Ligne , Count of Arenberg since 1549

House of Marck

House Ligne

Prince of Arenberg

Dukes of Arenberg

Heads of the Arenberg family after 1918

Other important personalities of the Arenberg family

Portrait gallery

Others

The Arenberg house was a co-owner and namesake of the Arenberg mining company. The hard coal mines Zeche Prosper and Zeche Arenberg-Continuation in Bottrop were named after members of this family. Some of the family's considerable estates are managed by Arenberg-Schleiden GmbH, while some of the former family estates are managed by Arenberg-Meppen GmbH , which is no longer family-owned.

literature

Coat of arms of the Dukes of Arenberg
  • Alexander V. Dachenhausen: Family table of the ducal house of Arenberg since the middle of the 16th century and its descent from the Counts of the Mark . Rein, Brussels 1905 ( digitized version )
  • Hellmuth Gensicke: State history of the Westerwald . 3. Edition. Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 3-922244-80-7 .
  • Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 (Art. Arenberg p. 23f., Art. Croy (Herzog) p. 125)
  • Heinrich Neu:  Arenberg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 341 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Peter Neu: The Arenbergs and the Arenberger Land. Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 1989–2001, 6 vols.
  • Emsländischer Heimatbund (Ed.): The Arenbergers in Emsland, Sögel 2003.
  • William D. Godsey, Veronika Hyden-Hanscho (ed.): The House of Arenberg and the Habsburg Monarchy. A transterritorial aristocratic family between prince service and independence (16th – 20th centuries) . Schnell & Steiner 2019, ISBN 978-3-7954-3299-7

See also

Web links

Commons : Haus Arenberg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

swell

  1. ↑ The Duke and the Princes and Princesses of Arenberg . The Arenberg Foundation.
  2. ^ Gerhard Köbler: Art. Arensberg. In: ders., Historical Lexicon of the German States. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 23f.
  3. ^ Annals of the Historical Association for the Lower Rhine, especially the Old Archdiocese of Cologne, issue 211/2008, Cologne 2009, p. 250 f. ( Digitized version )
  4. ^ Arenberg Foundation Genealogy
  5. ^ Hermann Grote, Stammtafeln, Leipzig 1877, p. 294
  6. ↑ Excerpt from the Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility (Gotha) ( Memento from December 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Arenbergfoundation.eu: Excerpt from the Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility (Gotha) ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: Biography: SAS le Duc (Jean-Engelbert) d'Arenberg ) (PDF; 223 kB), Order of the Knights of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem , September 2011 (French)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.holysepulchre.be