Everytown for Gun Safety

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The Congressman Jim Moran ( D ) speaks at an event of Mayors Against Illegal Guns (2010).

Everytown for Gun Safety ( English for: "Every city for gun safety "; often for short: Everytown ) is an American non-profit organization based in New York City that campaigns for gun control and against gun violence.

Everytown was created in 2014 from the merger of the organizations Mayors Against Illegal Guns and Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America . The organization was founded by the entrepreneur, politician and philanthropist Michael Bloomberg , who also financed it to a large extent.

The organization has set itself the task of educating politicians, the press and the public about the consequences of gun violence and promoting efforts to prevent criminals from taking possession of firearms. More recently, she has been particularly committed to subjecting people who want to acquire firearms to a general background check , during which, among other things, criminal records are researched. Everytown also conducts its own research on the subject of gun violence.

Emergence

Mayors Against Illegal Guns (MAIG) was founded in April 2006 at a summit meeting to which Michael Bloomberg, who was then Mayor of New York City, invited his Boston counterpart Thomas Menino . Bloomberg and Menino shared the chairmanship of the alliance. 15 mayors were involved in the initial signing of the coalition principles. At the end of 2014, the coalition had 855 mayors.

In April 2014, MAIG teamed up with Moms Demand Action . The new umbrella organization was named Everytown for Gun Safety . Almost a year earlier, the founding was preceded by debates that had been held in the US Senate on changes to federal gun law. The background to these debates was the rampage at Sandy Hook Elementary School in December 2012; Senators Joe Manchin (D) and Pat Toomey (R) had unsuccessfully campaigned for a law that would force people who want to purchase weapons at gun shows or on the Internet to do a background check .

Bloomberg has said that with Everytown an organization was to be created that could match the National Rifle Association (NRA) in political influence.

Positions

Everytown has come out with the following positions and political demands:

Background checks

The organization advocates expanding the background checks of people who wish to purchase firearms and is calling for changes to state and federal laws accordingly. It considers it necessary that background checks are carried out without distinction on every acquisition of firearms (“universal background checks”). Everytown advocates that the background check should not only include an examination of the criminal record, but also any psychiatric files that may be present.

In neighboring Canada , such background checks are already required by law. A corresponding amendment to the American federal laws, which Barack Obama initiated after the rampage at Sandy Hook Elementary School (2012), was repealed by Donald Trump in 2017 .

Relationship violator

Everytown supports the creation of laws that prevent people who are on record of domestic violence from acquiring firearms. Everytown's own research has shown that in states that require a background check , fewer people are subjected to gun violence by their sexual partner than in states that do not require such checks. In 2014, Everytown campaigned in six states in particular that people who have been convicted of domestic violence or who have been banned from contact ( violence restraining order ) are not allowed to acquire firearms: Louisiana , Minnesota , New Hampshire , Vermont , Washington and Wisconsin .

In the United States, about 50 women are shot dead by their current or former partners every month.

Firearm accidents involving children

The organization advocates technology that makes firearms safe and laws that require the safe storage of firearms. The main aim of this is to prevent children from being harmed by firearms.

A study published in 2017 showed that in the US from 2012 to 2014, an average of 5,790 children up to 17 years of age had to go to hospital emergency rooms due to gunshot wounds. Around 21% of them were killed in a firearm accident . The number of children who died in firearms accidents averaged 1,297 per year over the same period.

Firearms smuggling and illegal firearms trafficking

Laws criminalizing smuggling and trafficking in firearms exist only at the state level in the United States , not at the federal level. This is unusual because criminal offenses such as B. Carjacking , bank robbery , child pornography , credit card fraud or computer crime , which also tend to exceed the jurisdiction of the individual states, are prosecuted as federal crimes for the latter reason . In contrast to criminal offenses that are solely under the jurisdiction of the states, the resources of the federal police and the United States Attorney can be used to prosecute federal crimes . Everytown works to ensure that gun trafficking and the illegal trade in guns are classified as federal crimes by law .

In the United States, more than half a million firearms are stolen each year, many of which are subsequently resold as stolen goods .

Position on semi-automatic weapons

Unlike other gun control groups, Everytown is currently not making demands for a ban on semi-automatic firearms ( assault weapons ).

The United States Congress passed the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act in 1994 , banning the manufacture, transfer, and possession of semi-automatic weapons nationwide. The law was provided with an expiry clause and expired in 2004. Initiatives of various senators and members of the House of Representatives to make the law permanent failed. Since then, the states themselves have again decided whether they want to tolerate or ban semi-automatic weapons. Only a few states make use of the ban.

The use of semi-automatic weapons explains the high number of fatalities and injuries. a. in the massacres of Columbine (1999) , Aurora (2012) , Sandy Hook (2012) and Orlando (2016) . One of the organizations that campaigns for a ban on such weapons is the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence .

Position on the 2nd additional article

Everytown is making no requests to revise Amendment 2 to the United States Constitution .

This amendment, passed in 1791, prohibits the federal government from restricting the right to own and carry weapons. The American militias had remained involved in armed conflict even after the Civil War , and the amendment was intended to ensure that the male residents remained fit for duty. Since hardly any noteworthy military conflicts have been fought on American soil since the Civil War (1861–1865), the continuation of the 2nd Supplementary Article has recently become highly controversial. A survey in February 2018 showed that 21% of Americans (Democrats: 39%, Republicans: 8%) would welcome the removal of the 2nd Amendment.

Tiahrt Amendment

Before the founding of Everytown, a key goal of Mayors Against Illegal Guns (MAIG) was to repeal the Tiahrt Amendment .

background

At the heart of this law is the National Tracing Center of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF). This agency, which is under the United States Department of Justice , is the only body in the United States that systematically collects information on possible firearm-related crimes. Your job is to assist law enforcement agencies.

The law, which came into force in 2003 and named after its initiator, Congressman Todd Tiahrt (R), prevents information from being passed on to third parties. Information that nevertheless reaches third parties is z. B. not recognized as evidence in civil jurisdiction . MP Tiahrt said the law was necessary to protect the privacy of gun owners and to prevent misuse of information.

MAIG's criticism of the Tiahrt Amendment

In calling for the Tiahrt Amendment to be repealed, MAIG asserted the following reasons:

  • The law prevents state and local law enforcement agencies from obtaining information about firearms possession history. It prevents local police authorities from tracing the sellers of illegally acquired weapons, investigating the trade routes of the fence and from being able to identify connections between individual firearms crimes. Michael Bloomberg, then Mayor of New York City, described the amendment as "an insult to thousands of police officers facing the threat of illegal firearms . "
  • The Tiahrt Amendment stipulates that background check documents created as part of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System must be destroyed within 24 hours. MAIG argues that this makes it harder to find criminal firearms dealers; The regulation continues to make it difficult to identify and prosecute straw men who acquire weapons for criminals who do not pass a background check . It also makes it easier to let buyers get away who have only passed a background check due to procedural errors.
  • The Tiahrt Amendment denies the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives the authority to search dealerships for lost or stolen firearms. Among the laws that authority can only once a year authorized arms dealer without a warrant search .

Controversy about the supporters of the campaign

In its initiative to abolish the Tiahrt Amendment , MAIG were supported by ten national police organizations, such as the International Association of Chiefs of Police , the International Brotherhood of Police Officers , the Major Cities Chiefs Association and the Police Executive Research Forum . As the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence has shown, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has not been able to prove a single case prior to 2003 in which press releases of data from the National Tracing Center harmed police officers.

After the House Committee on Appropriations rejected attempts to repeal the law, the Senate Committee on Appropriations went a step further and in July 2007 passed a law that, according to the New York Times , "law enforcement officers, gun-tracing data use beyond a specific investigation, threaten with imprisonment, for example for the identification and fight against stolen goods ”. Congressman Tiahrt countered in 2007:

It's about a campaign that urges the repeal of the Tiahrt Amendment, which prohibits the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) from disclosing gun trace data to the public. The Gun Trace database contains investigation-specific information and is available to law enforcement agencies and prosecutors for criminal investigations. The AFT and the Fraternal Order of Police (FOP), the largest police organization in the country, support the Tiahrt Amendment and have requested its re-authorization every year since 2003. Both organizations claim that repealing the Tiahrt Amendment would jeopardize ongoing criminal investigations and endanger the lives of undercover police officers ... The organization Mayors Against Illegal Guns is behind the repeal campaign . This group claims to be backed by a wide variety of police chiefs across the country, which is also misleading, according to FOP National President Chuck Canterbury:

"The mayors want you to believe that the police will help them release gun-tracing information because many of their employees - especially police chiefs, who are often willing to help the mayor - have publicly supported their coalition," Canterbury said . “But the on-duty cops who actually deal with illegal weapons cases know that disclosing sensitive information about ongoing cases can compromise the integrity of an investigation or even put the lives of undercover cops at risk. For this reason, the Fraternal Order of Police has always supported the gun-trace data protection regime - now known as the Tiahrt Amendmend . For the men and women in uniform fighting illegal weapons, it is a question of personal safety and good police work. "

New York Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, the Bureau of Alcohol Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives (ATF), and the FOP have all requested that the law protect investigations and police officers. Hopefully it is true that not a single police officer ever died before the Tiahrt Protection came into effect. Representative Tiahrt joins the FOP, ATF and others in supporting policies that will ensure it stays that way.

In fact, Kelly had participated in events at which a repeal of the Tiahrt Amendment was requested.

Activities and impact

Walmart and Heeding God's Call

In April 2008 , at the urging of Mayors Against Illegal Guns, supermarket chain Walmart , which sells more firearms in the US than any other vendor, introduced a new sales practice to help keep firearms from falling into the wrong hands . J. P. Suarez, one of the company's top executives, stated that Walmart has signed a ten-point “ Responsible Firearms Retailer Partnership ” program to help the company “make the things we already do better and further strengthen our standards. ” He added, “ We hope that other retailers will join us in adopting our program. ”

The Responsible Firearms Retailer Partnership later influenced Heeding God's Call , an alliance of faith communities in Philadelphia that solicited local arms dealers to adopt the ten point program.

Thune Amendment

In 2009, Mayors Against Illegal Guns campaigned against the Thune Amendment (also known as Concealed Carry Reciprocity ). This proposal, initiated by Senator John Thune (R) to amend the Defense Authorization Bill, would have allowed people from states where covert firearms are legal to carry covert weapons in states where it is prohibited. Currently, each state has its own say in what to do with people entering from states with a travel permit.

Mayors Against Illegal Guns advertised the Thune Amendment in hundreds of newspapers with full-page advertisements and lobbied directly with Senator Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania. The NRA had supported the bill. This was then rejected in the Senate with 58 to 39 votes.

"Fix Gun Checks"

After the attack in Tucson , in which members of the House of Representatives Gabrielle Giffords (D), among others, were seriously injured in 2011 , Mayors Against Illegal Guns started a petition "Fix Gun Checks" (German: "Fixing background checks for firearms") signed by 250,000 people. The organization released research showing that 18 states had not provided even 100 psychiatric files for the background check system. She also supported the Fix Gun Checks Act proposed by Charles Schumer and Carolyn McCarthy . The organization also toured several countries with an information bus for two months in order to raise public awareness of gun safety.

Military personnel privately owned weapons

In 2012, Mayors Against Illegal Guns, in collaboration with retired military officers, broke a Congressional bill prohibiting military leaders and psychiatrists from investigating or keeping records of whether military personnel had private possession of firearms and ammunition.

Manchin-Toomey Amendment

In April 2013, the organization promoted the US Senate for the passage of a law that would make a background check mandatory for any firearms purchase that takes place in a commercial setting. This law, known as the Manchin-Toomey Amendment (Amendment 715 of the 113th US Congress), would have expanded the requirements that apply to weapons purchases on the Internet or at gun shows . However, the 60 required votes did not come together in the Senate, so the law was not passed.

After the vote on the Manchin-Toomey Amendment , Mayors Against Illegal Guns published ads in 13 states praising senators who supported the bill and criticizing those who rejected it. About $ 12 million was spent on the ad campaign.

"No More Names"

Under the name “No More Names” (German: “No more names”), the organization carried out another campaign with the information bus, which was on the road for 100 days in 25 states and solicited support for legislation to prevent armed violence. The program, launched on June 14, 2013 (6 months after the killing spree at Sandy Hook Elementary School , Newtown ), promotes "common sense laws, including extensive background checks, that will reduce gun violence and save lives." At each station were "survivors of gun violence, mayors, religious leaders and other citizens" invited "read [about] aloud the names of Americans who have been killed with firearms since Newtown." the aim of the program was that members of the US Congress in Encourage them to “pass common sense firearms laws” .

Referendum for background checks

In the run-up to the November 2014 elections , Everytown supported more than 100 applicants who ran for various political offices in 28 states. In Washington State, the organization promoted the adoption of Initiative 594 , a referendum that was finally accepted and ensured that all firearms purchases now require a background check. Everytown spent more than $ 3.2 million on this campaign, making it one of the top five contributors to the Washington Alliance for Gun Responsibility , the group that campaigned for the initiative to be passed. Everytown also opposed the Washington State Initiative 591 , a gun rights group-backed counter- initiative to Initiative 594 .

The Initiative 594 was adopted with 59.3% votes on November 4, 2014. The Initiative 591 , voted on the same ballot, received only 44.7% of the votes.

Everytown also campaigned for the re-election of Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper (D) and the Colorado Senators who supported the passage of laws to prevent gun violence in 2013, including a law requiring background checks on all gun purchases.

Following the success of the campaign in Washington State, the organization began a similar campaign in Nevada seeking a referendum in the 2016 election. The initiative was accepted by Attorney General Adam Laxalt, but suspended because of the proposed law after his This view would be impracticable in that it requires coordination with the Federal Bureau of Investigation . The group that officially took the initiative, Nevadans for Background Check , filed a lawsuit against Laxalt and Governor Brian Sandoval on October 4, 2017 , demanding that the law be enacted . Everytown has announced similar campaigns for Arizona , Maine, and Oregon .

Working with the NBA

In December 2015, Everytown began working with the National Basketball Association (NBA). The aim was a series of commercials aimed at ending firearm violence without recommending specific policy measures. NBA players who appeared in this spot included Stephen Curry and Carmelo Anthony . The first spots were broadcast on December 25, 2015.

organization

Advisory Board

Every Town has an Advisory Board ( Advisory Board ), which consists of mayors, business leaders, high-ranking military personnel and survivors of gun violence. In January 2014 the advisory board consisted of the following people

Mayors Against Illegal Guns

MAIG membership consists of “more than 1,000 incumbent and former mayors”. Between the December 2012 rampage at Sandy Hook Elementary School and a February 2014 census, membership fell 15%, from 1,046 to 885. NRA President James W. Porter II said there was “a lot little political will to tackle any of these weapons issues ” . Some mayors said the group, which initially only opposed illegal firearms, ended up rejecting firearms in general. MAIG chairman John Feinblatt, however, reported that the group had not changed its principles in any way and that the decline in membership was "only the natural consequence of mayors joining and leaving our coalition depending on their terms of office."

In 2009, in response to an NRA letter campaign, at least four mayors publicly acknowledged their support for the organization. A mayor confirmed her membership and stated at the same time: "This organization did not advocate getting rid of weapons altogether or taking away the rights of the Second Amendment from the people."

Moms Demand Action For Gun Sense in America

Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America was launched on December 15, 2012, the day after the rampage at Sandy Hook Elementary School. It was founded out of a grassroots movement that first gathered around a Facebook page “One Million Moms for Gun Control” and was then converted into an organization in Indianapolis by Shannon Watts . The end of 2013 had Moms Demand Action 130,000 members and local associations ( Chapters ) in all 50 states. The group itself has named the Mothers Against Drunk Driving organization as one of its role models. Moms Demand Action is committed to the prevention of gun violence and has lobbied members of the US Congress to promote the expansion of background checks for gun buyers. The organization also claims to have persuaded Starbucks to ban people with firearms from entering their coffeehouses. In an advertising campaign that the group carried out, laws prohibiting offensive weapons such as B. concern semi-automatic rifles compared to laws against the proliferation of other things, such as. B. Kinder surprise eggs (the sale of which is prohibited in the USA), temporarily banned books ( Little Red Riding Hood ) and the ball game dodgeball .

In December 2013, Moms Demand Action reported that it was merging with Mayors Against Illegal Guns to form the joint organization Everytown for Gun Safety . In October 2017, Moms Demand Action had 4 million members. In February 2018, after the Parkland school massacre , the group campaigned with various streaming providers to remove the NRA's online channel (NRATV) from their offerings.

NRA criticism of Everytown

In September 2009 the Institute for Legislate Action of the NRA (NRA-ILA) declared that Mayors Against Illegal Guns did not only campaign against illegal firearms, but against firearms in general. The NRA urged its members to write to their mayors to solicit a withdrawal from MAIG. In October 2009, NRA spokeswoman Rachel Parsons said that as a result of the letter campaign, "the number of mayors of both small and large cities belonging to the alliance has fallen from 463 to fewer than 400" . Bloomberg, on the other hand, said that while 60 mayors have left, 110 other mayors have entered.

A particular target of criticism from the NRA was Mayors Against Illegal Guns co-founder Michael Bloomberg. In an editorial in its America's 1st Freedom news magazine , the NRA named Bloomberg a "billionaire," [a] Boston-born evangelist for a nanny state who heads a " cabal ." Editor James OE Norell wrote of Bloomberg: "Only committed to his ambition, the mayor elevated himself to the national gun control watchman." The front page of the issue shows Bloomberg, as the New York Times put it, as a "gigantic octopus that is grim and light." looks insane, with tentacles whirling behind him ” .

The NRA website lists the names of 73 mayors who have left MAIG, including 15 from Pennsylvania alone . The Mayoress of Williamsport , Pennsylvania said she resigned believing MAIG was trying to "undermine all firearms possession, not just illegal firearms . " John Tkazik, Mayor of Poughkeepsie , New York, NRA member and former MAIG member, says he and 50 others left MAIG because the organization “became a vehicle for Bloomberg to manage his personal gun control agenda to promote " - a violation of the rights of law-abiding citizens under the Second Amendment [...] It did not take long to understand that MAIG's agenda went much further than getting rid of gun criminals; that MAIG, under the guise of supporting mayors in the fight against a crime and drug epidemic, intends to promote the confiscation of weapons from law-abiding citizens.

The NRA has also stated that MAIG used names of mayors without their consent and that others have intentionally misrepresented their names.

controversy

School shootings statistics 2018

After the Parkland school massacre on February 14, 2018, Everytown said it was the 18th case of a shootout at an American school this year. The Washington Post called this number "downright wrong". Everytown had started its count on the case of a 31-year-old man who committed suicide in the parking lot of a school that had been closed for seven months. The organization had also counted the case of a third grader pulling the trigger on a police officer's holstered gun; the shot had gone into the ground. Everytown has been charged with including in its school shootings statistics every occurrence of "a shot being fired in a school building or on school grounds" . USA Today reported on February 16 that the number of school shootings to date had actually been six. The news magazine Time , which in turn uses different criteria, only came up with four.

The definition criteria that Everytown uses for its statistics were criticized back in 2014 when the organization stated that there had been 74 more school shootings since Sandy Hook.

See also

Individual evidence

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