Oeventrop

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Oeventrop
City of Arnsberg
Coat of arms of Oeventrop
Coordinates: 51 ° 23 ′ 30 ″  N , 8 ° 8 ′ 7 ″  E
Height : 213 m
Residents : 6196  (Dec. 31, 2018)
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 59823
Area code : 02937
Aerial photo (2013)
Aerial photo (2013)

Oeventrop ( pronunciation ? / I ) is now a district of the city of Arnsberg and was an independent municipality until the municipal reorganization in 1975. This developed from the suburbs of Oeventrop, Dinschede and Glösingen. Another place was added later with Wildshausen (on the site of a main courtyard and a former castle of the Counts of Arnsberg ). Audio file / audio sample

location

Oeventrop is located in the middle of the Ruhr on the border between today's city of Arnsberg and the city of Meschede (district of Freienohl ) and the city of Warstein (district of Hirschberg). Within the city of Arnsberg, Oeventrop borders on the districts of Rumbeck and Uentrop down the river and to the north on Breitenbruch. The center of the village with the church, the main shopping streets, train station and industrial areas is in the valley of the Ruhr itself. A number of residential areas on the slopes of the surrounding mountains. In the north, the place borders on the Arnsberg Forest Nature Park . The A46 runs south of the village over two valley bridges. The district is spatially separated from Arnsberg and is on the edge of the Arnsberg Forest Nature Park a basic supply center, as well as a commercial and residential location.

history

Oeventrop Monastery, view around 1907
Parish Church Oeventrop

Middle Ages and early modern times

In the transition from the early to the high Middle Ages, the Hünenburg existed in the immediate vicinity of today's town . The suburb of Glösingen was first mentioned in connection with a land donation in 1193 in a document from the Archbishop of Cologne, Bruno von Berg . The beginning of the common history of the three villages, which were also called Ruhrdörfer, goes back to the year 1232, when Archbishop Heinrich of Cologne transferred the tithe of these places, which a nobleman Hermann von Rüdenberg had previously renounced, to the Wedinghausen Monastery. The core of Oeventrop, Dinschede and Glösingen each consisted of around four to five farms, the number of which remained relatively constant during the Middle Ages and the early modern period . Most of the farms belonged to a noble landlord or a monastery. The most important noble landlords were the von Ketteler, von Wrede and von Eickel families. The places were closely connected with the Wedinghausen Abbey and its “branch”, Rumbeck Abbey . Despite a considerable distance of several kilometers, this was for centuries the parish church of the three villages and at the same time owned some farms. In addition to the influence of the landowners, there was a cooperative aspect with the Dinscheder Mark. The owners of the farm decided on the use of this considerable forest area, which was used for cattle shacking as well as for supplying construction and firewood.

19th and 20th centuries

railway station

The first change occurred at the beginning of the 19th century when the farmers became landowners with the Hessian and later Prussian reform policy and the cooperative ownership was gradually privatized as well. Industrial development was even more important, especially since the high industrialization phase . There has been a train station on the Upper Ruhr Valley Railway since 1870 and numerous factories began to settle there. An important early company was a glassworks founded in 1886. The wood processing industry became more important. One of the first pulp mills was built in Wildhausen in 1883, later chair and furniture factories and a chemical factory were added. In 1902, the Oeventrop Monastery was opened, and until 1969 the religious college of the Sacred Heart Missionaries (Hiltrup Missionaries) was located there.

On May 6, 1905, the then name of the community, Dinschede, was changed to Oeventrop.

As in almost all other places, the Nazi rule began on March 21, 1933 with a celebration to mark the opening of the new Reichstag. Public life was controlled more and more by the National Socialists, political opponents were persecuted. At the beginning there was an NSDAP base in the village, after which the SA in particular was formed. May 1st was solemnly celebrated as National Labor Day. A first solstice celebration took place with the participation of the newly founded Hitler and school youth. In order to be able to build the new Dinscheder Bridge, the old bridge had to be demolished on August 1, 1933. The municipal council dissolved on August 23, 1933 due to the Gleichschaltungsgesetz (Gleichschaltungsgesetz) and eight new municipal representatives with a Nazi majority were appointed (not elected). In the referendum For Peace, Honor and Equality , the NSDAP achieved 92% of the votes cast. By December 1933, the BDM local group for women and young people had been founded as additional organizations. The party branches rigorously persecuted their opponents, some workers were either imprisoned or taken to concentration camps, also for alleged anti-subversive statements. Confessional youth associations had to accept restrictions from March 23, 1934, they were only allowed to care for their members religiously. Since the two clergymen were critical of the Church of the NSDAP, from 1935 on they were no longer nationally reliable and their events and services were controlled. The labor service unit stationed in the village was used for work on clearing and afforestation, drainage and fortification of the banks of the Ruhr. The local farmer leader Assmann received his appointment as community leader, which he held until the American occupation troops marched in. During the Reichspogromnacht in November 1938, supporters of the NSDAP smashed the shop windows of Jewish shops and demolished the apartments of their Jewish fellow citizens. The men were arrested. Almost all Jewish families emigrated afterwards. After the beginning of the Second World War , the mission house and the sister house had to give way in favor of a reserve hospital. The Catholic Church had to deliver two bells in January 1941. The chemical factory set up its own camps in 1942 to accommodate forced laborers, mainly from Russia. The last seven Jews remaining in the village were deported in 1941 and probably murdered in camps.

In October 1943 refugees from the Aachen area came to Oeventrop, they found accommodation in the school in Dinschede, and the number increased by December. On December 16, 1944, units of the Waffen SS took quarters here before the start of the Battle of the Bulge. The members of the local Volkssturm were sworn in on January 28, 1945. In February there were attacks by the Allies, in which 15 residents were killed. The Germania textile warehouse and the Oellager Sauerland chair factories were looted by the population in April. Germania had stored large stocks for the army administration. After a previous bombardment with grenade launchers, the American troops took the place on April 10, 1945. The day before they blew up the Ruhr Bridge near Wildshausen. The Americans installed Paul Schönert as the new mayor on April 12, 1945, and on May 2, the new civil administration appointed Paul Kordel as mayor. A total of 276 Oeventrop citizens died in connection with the Second World War.

On January 1, 1975, Oeventrop was incorporated into the city of Arnsberg.

The Ruhr villages

View of Glösingen

The Ruhrdörfer, consisting of the three hamlets Oeventrop, Dinschede and Glösingen, was mentioned in a document in 1232; from them the Oeventrop district developed by 1975. In this document, the three villages Overendorp, Dinterscede and Clusinchem were named for the first time in a legal context . The Archbishop Heinrich von Köln transferred the tithe in these villages to the Wedinghausen Monastery; the nobleman Hermann von Rüdenberg had previously waived these claims. The translated text of the certificate reads:

“In the name of the holy and indivisible Trinity. Heinrich, by the grace of God Archbishop of the Holy Church of Cologne, wishes all who believe in Christ salvation for temporal and eternal life. So that we can keep the churches of our diocese intact, especially those that are trying to pay tithes, we make the following known to those living and descendants: The nobleman Hermann von Rüdenberg, our faithful, gave tithes in Lenole, Querendorp, Dinterscede, Clusinchem and six shillings for the redemption of certain houses in the aforementioned villages, including the associated small tithe, back into our hands. Because of the devotion of said Hermann and with the consent of his heirs, we have given this to the Church of St. Mary and St. Laurence in Wedinghausen as permanent property in our memory. However, to ensure that this foundation remains valid and unchangeable, we have had the certificate issued about it secured by attaching our seal, in which, in the event of a ban on church, we order to respect it inviolably. Given in the year of grace twelve hundred thirty-one, in the fifth indiction, on March 8th, in the seventh year of our episcopal office, at Soest. Since Pope Gregory the Ninth rules on the most sacred Roman chair. Since the insurmountable Roman Emperor Friedrich rules and his illustrious son King Heinrich. In the presence of the following witnesses: Heinrich, Provost of St. Severin, Gottfried, Provost in Soest, Hermann, Provost of Sankt Suibert in Kaiserswerth, Gottfried, Count von Arnsberg and his son Gottfried. Adolf von der Mark and Adolf von Dassel, Counts. Goswin, Schulte zu Soest, Albert, Drost zur Lippe, Rotger von Borbenne, Albert von Horthe, Wilhelm von Ole. And other men of good reputation more. "

This document therefore not only relates to the origin of the place, but also provides an insight into the history of the state, it is kept in the North Rhine-Westphalian State Archives in Münster. The almond-shaped seal shows the seated archbishop with a crook and a book. From the creation of the Ruhrdörfer until the 1970s, village life was predominantly rural, with the number of farms in the individual villages essentially unchanged. The settlement area in the Ruhr valley was limited by the natural conditions. Arable land could be gained through clearing, but was restricted by the mountainous landscape. The right to shares in the community property was calculated according to the size of the individual property as a small Kotten, Mittelkotten, large Kotten and Hof. Each of the individual villages consisted of around four to five farms. The farmers were only tenants, not owners. The land belonged to noble landlords. The tenants had to pay taxes every year and the contracts were usually signed every 12 years, the landlord could, but did not have to extend. Three families, the Freiherren von Ketteler, von Eickel and von Wrede, dominated the leasing business, they owned the largest estates. The Ruhrdörfer had a special relationship with the Wedinghausen monastery , which had spiritual care over the residents. Over time, the Rumbeck Abbey gained greater influence through the purchase of many farms. The Markgenossenschaft der Dinscheder Mark was mentioned in a document in 1310, it had a large forest area in which the cattle shack and the extraction of wood were regulated by the cooperative. Over the centuries, until the end of the Middle Ages, those entitled to inheritance developed a strong economic sense of togetherness.

Meaning of the place names

  • Dinschede was mentioned in 1232 as Dinterscede, scede means sheath, i.e. place below a mountain sheath. The meaning of the first syllable is not known.
  • Wildshausen was named Wildeshusen in 1429, Husen (settlement) in a landscape rich in game.
  • Glösingen was named as Clusinchem in 1193, the last part of the name meaning chem home . The beginning of the name probably contains a family or personal name such as Klaus or Nikolaus. So home or house of Klaus.

Future planning

The aim of the city planners is to create and maintain a residential area from the district that is attractive and worth living in, taking into account demographic change. Marketable living space for different groups of interested parties and improvement of the infrastructure should ensure local supply. The Ruhr becomes a local recreation area and commercial areas are secured.

Population development

The change in the economic structure was accompanied by an increase in the population. In addition, the farming villages gradually grew closer together, and the social structure was heavily industrialized for about a century.

Since the beginning of the millennium at the latest, the population has been declining.

year 1818 1858 1885 1895 1905 1925 1933 1939 1961 1970 1974 2000 2001 2002 2003
Residents 473 785 787 1015 1454 1684 2213 2920 5398 5839 6117 6818 6768 6743 6688
year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Residents 6713 6740 6658 6629 6575 6512 6493 6411 6359 6320 6328 6384 6273 6228 6196

Source for 2000 to 2018: City of Arnsberg

politics

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the former city of Oeventrop

Blazon :

In silver, a black abbot's staff placed obliquely to the left with the curvature outwards, covered with a red diagonal bar covered by three silver diamonds.

Description:

The sloping beam with the three diamonds is taken from the coat of arms of the von Eickel family, who had owned Oeventrop since the 16th century. The three diamonds also symbolize the three districts of Oeventrop, Dinschede and Glösingen. The abbot indicates the Rumbeck monastery . This was dependent on the Wedinghausen Abbey , which had multiple rights here. The coat of arms was officially approved on October 31, 1957.

Catholic Church

The listed Catholic parish church Heilige Familie was built in 1898 according to plans by the cathedral builder Arnold Güldenpfennig from Paderborn in the neo-Gothic style, this style was largely lost during the renovation in 1969. The congregation belongs to the pastoral group Holy Family Oeventrop - St. Nikolaus Rumbeck in the Archdiocese of Paderborn .

graveyards

The Ruhrdörfer originally belonged to the parish of Arnsberg and buried their dead there, too, when they were transported there by cart. Both Christian denominations used this cemetery. Since the parish of Arnsberg, the Ruhr villages came to Rumbeck in 1858 and buried their deceased there until 1905. That year the Catholic community bought two acres of land on the Egge and built a cemetery there. The Protestant parish had its own cemetery since 1894, which was close to the church on the road to Freienohl. The last graves in this cemetery were leveled by mutual agreement in December 2014. The Jewish residents buried their relatives in the Jewish cemetery in Arnsberg; the last grave monument there is from 1941.

In 1928 the Catholic community bought three acres of land and expanded the existing cemetery. A way of the cross with 14 stations made of quarry stone, which are equipped with bronze reliefs, was set up. A separate part was used by the Elisabeth convalescent home in Dinschede and the Sacred Heart Mission House as a burial place. The deceased of the hospitals, 223 in total, found their final resting place here. The architect Müller from Blankenstein designed a memorial to commemorate the fallen in 1953, the inauguration of the facility took place in September 1953.

Until the beginning of the First World War , the suicides were not allowed to be buried in the regular cemetery, the burials took place in a field on the edge of the cemetery, the population called it An der Hecke .

traffic

  • The Oeventrop-Ruhrwiesen glider airfield extends in a west-east direction over a length of a little over a kilometer and runs directly along the Ruhr . It was inaugurated on June 17, 1956 with great participation by the citizens of Oeventrop and has since been operated by the Oeventrop eV air sports club. It is located in the middle of the village of Oeventrop. Mountains stretch all around, so that longer flights are possible in almost any weather condition by using the updrafts generated on the slopes. There is an aircraft hangar on the square, where the club's planes as well as take-off cars, winches and aircraft trailers are located, and a workshop since 1980.
  • There is also a DB stop in the village, which connects Oeventrop with Hagen and Kassel as well as Winterberg and Dortmund via the Upper Ruhr Valley Railway .
  • Via the A46 , exit 67 Freienohl, Oeventrop , Oeventrop is connected to Arnsberg and its other districts. In the past, federal highway 7 also ran through the town. However, after the opening of the A 46, this was downgraded to the state roads 541 and 735.
  • The RuhrtalRadweg , which runs from Winterberg to Duisburg-Ruhrort, runs through the local area of ​​Oeventrop .

Regular events

Since the oeventrop air sports club was founded, the airfield festival has been held annually in September.

Taekwondo athlete Helena Fromm from Oeventrop.

The "WinterNachtsTraum Festival" (WNT) has been an annual music festival since 2004. The WNT is organized by the metal band Orden Ogan from Arnsberg . Among others, well-known bands such as Night in Gales , Sacred Steel , Rage , Sinister , Excrementory Grindfuckers , Equilibrium , Disillusion , Skyclad , Ensiferum , van Canto , Axxis , Accuser and Grave took part in the WNT.

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Ralf Paul Bittner (* 1966), politician (SPD) and mayor of the city of Arnsberg since 2018
  • Helena Fromm (* 1987), Taekwondo fighter. She is six-time German champion, European champion and won a bronze medal for Germany at the 2012 Olympic Games .

societies

  • The Freiwillige Tambourkorps Oeventrop eV, was founded in 1920 as the Tambour Corps of the Catholic Journeyman's Association Oeventrop, with a membership of 12 people. In 2012 about 75 musicians played actively.
  • The Hegering-Ruhrtal was founded in 1988 by 66 hunters. The total area of ​​the 18 hunting grounds is around 9,600 ha and is looked after by around 150 hunters. The Arnsberg Forest teaching and experimental format takes up a considerable part of the area.
  • The LSC Oeventrop eV (Luftsportclub) was founded in 1955, it owns eight gliders.
  • The Motorsport Club Oeventrop-Sauerland eV in the ADAC was founded in 1952. In the beginning, skill driving on motorcycles was offered, the most famous activity being the annual rally-cross event. The youngsters take part in cart competitions.
  • The Musikverein 1903 Oeventrop eV The association has a total of 288 members, 105 of whom are active musicians (as of January 1, 2014)
  • The Reit- und Fahrverein Oeventrop eV was founded in 1977, it organizes recreational riders as well as tournament riders and drivers. He has his own facility.
  • The Schützenbruderschaft St. Sebastianus Oeventrop 1766 eV is one of the large brotherhoods in the Sauerland Schützenbund and was founded in 1766 under the patronage of Maria and Nikolaus as 1766 as the Schützenbruderschaft zu Dinschede. The shooting sports group was founded in 1965.
  • The volunteer fire brigade Oeventrop was founded in 1903 by the citizens, as the risk of fire increased through development and the population. Each of the three Ruhr villages had a fire engine , and Georg Korte, the manager of the chemical plant , became captain of the Oeventrop volunteer fire brigade . The first use was in 1907. After Oeventrop lost its independence in 1975, the fire brigade came to the Arnsberg fire brigade as an Oeventrop fire engine.

literature

  • Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Arnsberg 1982.

Web links

Commons : Oeventrop  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ City of Arnsberg: Residents main and secondary residence by district , accessed on June 20, 2019
  2. ^ Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen, Westphalia department : Scan of the original document: Archbishop Heinrich von Köln transfers the tithe in Lenole, Oeventrop, Dinschede, Glösingen to the Wedinghausen Monastery, as well as income of six Schilligen, which Hermann von Rüdenberg has given him. Soest 1231 (1232) March 8. Digitization online
  3. ^ Gerd Kessler: Stations of the "Old Monastery" - A university in Oeventrop . In: Sauerland. Journal of the Sauerländer Heimatbund , ISSN  0177-8110 , year 2009, issue 1, pp. 25-27.
  4. ↑ Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster (Westphalia) 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 .
  5. ↑ a b Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Stroveldruck, Arnsberg 1982, p. 73.
  6. ^ Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Stroveldruck, Arnsberg 1982, pp. 74-75.
  7. ^ Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Stroveldruck, Arnsberg 1982, p. 75.
  8. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 330 .
  9. ^ Foundation of the Ruhrdörfer
  10. ^ Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Stroveldruck, Arnsberg 1982, pp. 9-13.
  11. ^ Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Stroveldruck, Arnsberg 1982, pp. 14-15.
  12. ^ Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Stroveldruck, Arnsberg 1982, p. 17.
  13. ↑ Urban planning
  14. ↑ Population statistics of the city of Arnsberg (as of December 31, 2018). Accessed February 16, 2020 .
  15. ^ Eduard Belke, Alfred Bruns, Helmut Müller: Communal coats of arms of the Duchy of Westphalia. Arnsberg 1986, ISBN 3-87793-017-4 , p. 174.
  16. ↑ Pages of the Pastoral Association
  17. ↑ see report template for the city council of Arnsberg, printed matter 9/2015 of January 8, 2015
  18. ^ Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Stroveldruck, Arnsberg 1982, pp. 110-111.
  19. ↑ DB stop and motorway
  20. ↑ The LSC website provides information about the program  ( page can no longer be accessed , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.lsc-oeventrop.de  
  21. ^ Pages of the Tambourcorps
  22. ↑ Pages of the Hegering
  23. ↑ Pages of the LSC
  24. ↑ Pages of the MSC  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.msc-oeventrop.de  
  25. ↑ Pages of the Musikverein ( Memento of the original from June 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.musikverein-oeventrop.de
  26. ↑ Pages of the riding and driving association
  27. ↑ Pages of the Schützenbruderschaft  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / archiv.schuetzen-oeventrop.de  
  28. ↑ Pages of the shooting sports group ( Memento of the original from August 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.schuetzen-oeventrop.de
  29. ^ Carl Kessemeier: The Ruhr villages . Stroveldruck, Arnsberg 1982, pp. 162-163.