Oskar Menzel

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Oskar Menzel , also Oscar Menzel (born May 1, 1873 in Dresden ; † May 7, 1958 ibid), was a German architect .

Life

Oskar Menzel's grave in the Loschwitz cemetery

Menzel attended the Dreikönigschule , a secondary school in Dresden, until 1888 , and then went on to train as a carpenter with the master carpenter H. R. Heine. After attending the building trade school in Dresden, he worked from 1893 to 1896 as a construction technician in Dresden and Pirna, among others, and in Elberfeld in the Rhineland . In 1896, a one-year guest study at the Technical University of Dresden followed, which was followed by a professional qualification as a bricklayer in 1897. From 1897 to 1899 Menzel was a master student of Paul Wallot at the Academy of Fine Arts in Dresden . During this time he met his fellow student Rudolf Kolbe , brother of the sculptor Georg Kolbe . The friendship with Rudolf Kolbe led to work together in Loschwitz . While still a student, Menzel submitted his first commissioned work for approval.

After completing his training, Menzel opened his own architecture office in Dresden at Ferdinandstrasse 8 in 1899, where he also lived. In 1905 Menzel married Charlotte Mohrmann, with whom he had two daughters over the next few years. In 1907, with their first child, the family moved into a centrally located apartment in Dresden at 11 Schützengasse, which is now a listed building .

Menzel died in Dresden in 1958 and was buried in the Loschwitz cemetery .

Act

Hamburg Planetarium

In 1898, Menzel rebuilt the Albertsberg manor house in the Oberlößnitz villa district in Radebeul by rendering the facade in Baroque style with Gothic arched curtain windows. In 1899/1900 a three-storey, representative villa for the reindeer Theodor Grimme followed in Dresden's Goetheallee 51. With this he created a transition from historicism to art nouveau . Around 1900 he and Rudolf Kolbe bought a vineyard area around Robert-Diez-Straße in what is now Dresden's Loschwitz district , which had fallen fallow due to the phylloxera disaster , which they parceled out and where they also built several residential buildings in today's Hermann-Vogel-Straße. In 1901/1902 Menzel built a residential and commercial building in Radebeuler Hauptstrasse 25/27 , which stands out on the street side with 11 different window variants. It was also during this time that Menzel converted the Windisch House with neo-baroque shapes into a villa-like country house for the Justice Council Bruno Windisch . In 1903 Menzel built himself a villa at Robert-Diez-Straße 10 as his own house.

Menzel, who mainly works in the Dresden area, was allowed to design the Saxon exhibition rooms in St. Petersburg at the international art exhibition in 1908. In the same year he won an architecture competition for the construction of a water tower in the Hamburg district of Winterhude . This tower was built in 1913/1915 under the direction of Fritz Schumacher and converted to the Hamburg Planetarium in 1930 .

From 1913 until his retirement in 1938, Menzel held a teaching position at the Academy for Applied Arts in Dresden in addition to his studio . In 1914 he was appointed professor there.

Menzel's work in churches is less well known. On August 27, 1933, a simple black cross in the floor of the Frauenkirche was inaugurated a memorial to the soldiers who fell in World War I. This memorial was not restored when the church was rebuilt after the fall of the Wall. In 1937 Menzel was given the task of redesigning the interior of the Marienkirche in Werdau in terms of historic preservation. He worked with the painter and restorer Max Helas .

Menzel maintained professional as well as private contacts with well-known architect colleagues Wilhelm Kreis and Heinrich Tessenow .

Menzel was a member of the German Werkbund (DWB) and the Association of German Architects (BDA), as well as the artists' associations Die Zunft von Hans Erlwein and Der Märzbund . This connection with artistic contemporaries was reflected in the use of artistic accents in Menzel's works. Overall, Menzel's works, like those of many of his contemporaries, are partly still to be assigned to the fading historicism ( neo-baroque ), partly stylistically they belong to Art Nouveau or reform architecture .

Buildings and designs

Albertsburg or Haus Albertsberg
House Windisch
Villa Blumberger
Hagensche Villa

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Dietrich Lohse: Oskar Menzel, a Dresden architect in Radebeul. Part 1. In: Preview & Review; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. Radebeuler monthly books e. V., April 2013, accessed April 7, 2013 .
  2. ↑ Goetheallee
  3. ↑ a b c Streets and squares in Loschwitz at www.dresdner-stadtteile.de , accessed on May 5, 2013
  4. ↑ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide. Schönheide o. J. (1909), Reprint 1992, p. 96.
  5. ↑ Architectural Review , Volume 21, 1905, Issue 6, p. 46 f.
  6. ↑ Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 , p. 186 .
personal data
SURNAME Menzel, Oskar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Menzel, Oscar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect
DATE OF BIRTH May 1, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH May 7, 1958
Place of death Dresden