Pallandt

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Coat of arms of those of Pallandt

The family of those von Pallandt (also von Pallant , von Palant , von Palland , von Paland , von Palandt and von Ballandt ) is a Rhenish noble family , whose name comes from its former property, Haus Palant in Weisweiler (today the city ​​of Eschweiler ). The family was one of the most influential families in the Duchy of Jülich due to their numerous possessions and the wealth that came with them, as well as their extensive family relationships . The genealogy shows, for example, Jülich, Cologne and Klevian marshals .

The family's coat of arms is divided into black and gold five times. On the helmet with black and gold covers, the heraldic shield is repeated between a black flight .

history

The family is an aristocratic family from the Lower Rhine and first appeared in 1316 in Geldern and Brabant by the imperial baron Rüdiger van Pallandt . The family belonged to the family of Brabant. A derivation of the gender from a diploma from Emperor Friedrich III. , which certified that von Palant had a royal Polish descent and the regular line of blood began with a Wilprand Germinitzki (also: Wiprecht Germinezki), turned out to be a forgery ( Lit .: Oidtman, 1894). In fact, it was not until 1323 that the first bearer of the name, the knight Reinhard von Palant, was documented as the feudal man of Cuyck. How related he is to later members of the family has not yet been clarified.

Rüdiger van Pallandt, a great-grandson of Wilprand von Pallandt, inherited the rule of Breitenbend in Jülischen with his wife Johanna von Bredebend (Breitenbend), the last of her family, and was appointed baron in 1316. Today Arnoldus Parvus is presumed to be the progenitor of the Palant family, who from 1312 to 1318 held the office of bailiff and marshal of Aachen . From 1327 Arnoldus von Breitenbend is mentioned, which proves, among other things, that the oldest documented property of the family was not the Palant house, but the Breitenbend estate near Linnich . Arnold's son Karsilius is the first of his family to call himself von Palant.

Numerous properties came to the family through purchase, inheritance, marriage and pledge, of which only a few Jülich and Cologne estates and lords are mentioned below: Bachem, Frechen , Weisweiler, Engelsdorf, Wildenburg Castle , Reuland , Kinzweiler , Nothberg , Laurenzberg , Gladbach , House Paland in Erkelenz- Borschemich , Vettelhoven and Wachendorf. A deed of division of the family from 1456 gives detailed information about the large property.

Towards the end of the 15th century, another of this name was given by his wife, daughter of Robert von Alpen, to rule the Alps west of Rheinberg. His descendants called themselves viscounts , this line died out. At the beginning of the 16th century, Elbertus Pallandt brought the hereditary marshal's office in the Duchy of Kleve to his family. Hieronymus Pallandt was Bishop of Bisantz in 1519 , and Florentius (Floris) Pallant (1537–1598) became Count of Culemborg am Lek in Geldern in 1555 . Through his daughter Elisabeth, the rule of Paland, along with other goods, came to the Counts of Waldeck .

The Canon Reinhard von Pallandt resigned and married properly at the end of January 1572. This marriage remained childless. However, he left illegitimate descendants who managed to rise to the nobility during the Prussian era: Johann Franz Theodor Edmund Pallandt was born in Kronenburg in 1746. In 1770 he became a lawyer and mayor of Bleialf . After moving to Wildenburg, he held the positions of assessor at the Reifferscheid Court of Justice, tax collector, notary and mayor of the Mairie elections during the French period . His three sons (Christoph Reinhard, Wilhelm Joseph Maria and Franz Anton Maria) were confirmed as barons in the aristocratic registers of the Prussian Rhine Province in 1829 .

Adolph Werner von Pallandt was Minister of State of Brandenburg in 1651. Carl Ebert von Pallandt, Canon of Osnabrück, and Andreas Adolph von Pallandt, Dutch Lieutenant General, were still alive in 1710. A Dutch infantry general, Freiherr von Pallandt, died in 1738 as Governor of Dornick. A branch that came to Livonia with the Teutonic Order , from which Dietrich von Pallandt was a knight and Hans von Pallandt was the commander of Reval in 1527 , has become extinct in the course of time. According to the New Prussian Nobility Lexicon , those of Palant are extinct in the Rhineland. In 1639, Floris II., Count of Culemborg, Baron von Pallant and von Withem, died childless and in 1669, Marsilius IV., The last Lord of Pallandt zu Wildenburg ( Eifel ), died. The edition of the New Prussian Adelslexikon that the family has died out in the Rhineland and that there is only one line in the Netherlands is incorrect. The family was still in Bleialf ( Prüm district ) and Wildenburg (Gemünd district) in 1829 , and Franz Anton Freiherr von Pallandt, Wilhelm Joseph, Christoph Reinhard and Mariane born. von Broich, widow of Wilhelm Ludwig Freiherr von Palland, according to submissions dd Wildenburg, June 17, 1829, Cronenburg, Reg.-District Aachen, June 17, 1829, Bleialf, Reg.-District Trier, August 27, 1829 and Aachen, August 8, 1829 entered the baron class of the nobility registers of the Prussian Rhine Province under nos. 22, 61, 57 and 56.

A German line of the Barons von Pallandt can no longer be proven today. The last member of the Bleialf line was a daughter who was civilly married.

Branch of Eschweiler

Headquarters in Weisweiler

Until 1509 , the von Palant family owned the Nothberg Castle , the Holzheim Castle near Langerwehe- Heistern , the abandoned Bongard House in the Bovenberg Forest, the Bovenberg estate between Eschweiler-Nothberg and Huechen , the Dadenbergshof, the Nothberger Hof alias Meuthenshof, the Palant house in Eschweiler-Weisweiler, Weisweiler Castle and other knight seats in and around Eschweiler. According to her is by-Palant street named in Nothberg.

At the beginning of the 16th century, Dietrich von Palant built the first complex in Kinzweiler Castle . For several centuries, Laurenzberg Castle , which was demolished in 1972 because of open- cast lignite mining , was owned by the von Palant family. After the first owner Jakob von Broich, Gerhard von Palant received the loan from House Kambach in Eschweiler-Kinzweiler in 1563 .

The castle complex in Nothberg, which was rebuilt on both sides, dates from the castle rule of the von Palant family from the 16th century (year above the door in the southwest corner tower: 1555). When the castle with all its accessories for 1500 heavy Rhenish guilders was pledged by Gerhard von Engelsdorf to Werner von Palant in 1398 , it was in dire need of renovation. This is clear from the modalities of the pledge agreement. In 1422 Johann von Palant received the castle from his father Werner as a dowry . In return, he undertook to suspend the tithe at Bützdorf and Metzen and also had to undertake to repair the system again. For this reason, Johann von Palant commissioned extensive renovation and renovation work. He was able to win over the ducal state architect Alessandro Pasqualini for his plans to redesign the castle . A late medieval castle that was no longer up-to-date and unsuitable for defense against modern firearms was turned into a castle-like representative building that was appropriate to the status of the owner and offered a certain level of comfort.

After Johann, the last von Palant, died in 1591, protracted inheritance disputes broke out, as a result of which and as a result of the Thirty Years' War the complex in Nothberg fell into disrepair and destroyed.

Branch of Alps

A line that had come into the possession of the dominion of the Alps through marriage later died out. A branch that came to Livonia with the Teutonic Order, to which Dietrich von Pallandt, Knight of the Teutonic Order, and Hans von Pallandt, Commander of Reval belonged, also became extinct in the course of time.

Dutch branch

Apparently there is still a branch in the Netherlands whose precise connection to the German lines remains to be clarified:

  • Adolph Werner of the HRR Vrijheer van Pallandt (1656–1706), Lord zu Zuithem and Egede, member of the Knighthood of Overijssel, Major General of the Cavalry in Dutch service, died during the siege of Ath
    • Frederik Willem Rijksvrijheer van Pallandt (1700–1779), Herr zu Keppel und Voorst, Mayor of Doesburg ⚭ Baron Sophia Dorothea von Lintelo , heiress of Walfort
      • Adolph Werner baron van Pallandt van Keppel (1733–1813), Lord of Keppel, Voorst, Walfort and Eere, Mayor of Doesburg
        • Frederik Willem baron van Pallandt van Keppel (1772–1853), Herr zu Keppel, Voorst, Barlhem and Hagen, Mayor of Doetinchem , Chamberlain of the King ⚭ Baron Anna Jacoba van Aylva, heiress of Waardenburg and Neerijnen (1778–1814)
          • Adolph Werner baron van Pallandt van Keppel (1802–1874), Lord of Keppel, Barlham and Hagen, Chamberlain to the King
          • Hans Willem van Aylva baron van Pallandt (1804–1881), Lord of Waardenburg and Neerijnen, Councilor of State
          • Johan Jacob baron van Pallandt van Westervoort (1807–1876), Lord of Westervoort , Mayor of Arnhem
          • Carel Anne Adriaan baron van Pallandt (1810-1883)
    • August Leopold Rijksvrijheer van Pallandt (1701–1779), Lord of Eerde , Beerse and Oosterveen
      • Adolph Werner baron van Pallandt van Eerde (1745–1823), Mr. zu Eerde and Beerse, member of the First Chamber of the States General (1815–1823)
        • Adolph Werner baron van Pallandt van Beerse (1780–1848)
        • Andries baron van Pallandt van Eerde (1781–1827), chamberlain to the king
          • Lodewijk baron van Pallandt van Eerde (1809–1885), Chamberlain of the King, member of the Teutonic Order, Ballei van Utrecht, member of the Knighthood of Overijssel
      • Adolph Carl baron van Pallandt van Oosterveen (1746–1815), Lord of Oosterveen ⚭ Baron Sophie Charlotte von Strünkede , heiress of Strünkede Castle (1741–1816)
  • Jan Anne baron van Pallandt van Walfort (1866–1936), Herr zu Walfort (grandson of Johan Jacob (1807–1876))
    • Charlotte Dorothée barones van Pallandt (1898–1997), sculptor
    • Floris Carsilius Anne baron van Pallandt (1903–1977), Dutch ambassador in Copenhagen
      • Frederik baron van Pallandt (1934–1994), Dutch singer, husband and singing partner of Nina van Pallandt , formed the singing duo Nina & Frederik
        • Floris Nicolas Ali baron van Pallandt (1961-2006)
        • Kirsa Eleonore Clara baroness van Pallandt (* 1963)
        • Ana Maria Else baroness van Pallandt (* 1965)

Significant family members

Important family possessions

Keppel Castle
Eerde Castle

literature

  • Alfred Blömer: The Palandt bastard line in Linnich. In: Communications of the West German Society for Family Studies. No. 26, 1974, pp. 201-206.
  • Alfred Blömer: The Paland family from Güsten. In: Communications of the West German Society for Family Studies. No. 27, 1976, pp. 155-156.
  • Heinz Hilgers: The sex of "those of Palant" In: Series of publications of the Eschweiler history association . No. 24, 2006, pp. 54-83.
  • Manfred Konrads: The history of the Wildenburg rule in the Eifel. Hand press Weilerswist, Euskirchen 2001, ISBN 3-935221-08-8 .
  • Manfred Konrads: Baron Franz Anton von Pallandt and his ancestors . In: District Euskirchen (ed.): Yearbook 2000 .
  • Gisela Meyer: The Palant family in the Middle Ages. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2004, ISBN 3-525-35852-0 .
  • Ernst von Mirbach-Harff: History of the lords, barons and counts of Pallant. Reprint of the Herold, Association for Heraldry and Genealogy. Mitscher & Röstell, Berlin 1873 ( digitized version ).
  • Lothar Müller-Westphal: Coat of arms and genealogies of Düren families. In: Dürener Geschichtsverein (Hrsg.): Contributions to the history of the Dürener country. Volume 20, Düren 1989, pp. 661-664.
  • Ernst von Oidtman : Arnoldus Parvus. The progenitor of the Palant family. In: Zeitschrift des Aachener Geschichtsverein , No. 16, 1894, pp. 38–85.
  • Heinrich Oidtmann: A Palant family crypt discovered in the parish church of Linnich. In: Communications of the West German Society for Family Studies . Vol. II, No. 8, 1920, pp. 241-243.
  • Johann Friedrich Schannat, Georg Bärsch: Eiflia Illustrata. Volume 2, 2nd section, reprint of the edition from 1844. Otto Zeller, Osnabrück 1966, p. 140ff, no. 166 ( digitized version ).
  • Detlev Schwennicke (Ed.): European family tables . Volume VI. Plate 48. Stargardt, Marburg 1978.
  • Detlev Schwennicke (Ed.): European family tables . Volume VIII. Plates 63 to 67. Stargardt, Marburg 1980.
  • Robert Steimel (Ed.): Rheinisches Wappenlexikon . Volume IV. Cologne 1953.
  • Early von Vorst-Gudenau: History of the Lords, Barons and Counts of Pallant . In: Quarterly magazine for heraldry, sphragistics and genealogy . No. 1, Berlin 1873.

Web links

Commons : Pallandt family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

notes

  1. ^ Portal Rhenish History: Floris von Pallant, Landschaftsverband Rheinland , by Martin Bock, Frechen, accessed on December 24, 2019