Philip of Bavaria

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Philip of Bavaria

Philipp Wilhelm von Bayern (born September 9/22, 1576 in Munich ; † May 21/18, 1598 in Dachau ) was raised to the rank of Bishop of Regensburg at the age of three and cardinal deacon two years before his untimely death . A large grave monument can be found in the Regensburg Cathedral

Grave monument
in Regensburg Cathedral

Life

The son of Duke Wilhelm V the Pious and Renata of Lothringen studied theology and philosophy at the University of Ingolstadt together with his younger brother Ferdinand , who later became Elector of Cologne . He received as income positions as canons and canon in Cologne, Mainz , Salzburg and Trier. At the age of three he had already become the plaything of his father's imperial church policy in 1579 and was elected Prince-Bishop of Regensburg by the Regensburg Cathedral Chapter . With the election of Philip, it was hoped that the heavily indebted bishopric would have a stronger bond with the Bavarian duchy and better opportunities to fight off the Protestant forces of the city of Regensburg. Pope Gregory XIII confirmed the election 1580. On behalf of the minor Philipp was Feliciano Ninguarda be governor of the Office 1582 to the Bohemian Baron Zbinko Berka gave. The relationship between the cathedral chapter and Duke Wilhelm V, who wanted to lead the diocese of Regensburg himself like a bishop, developed very tense. In 1586 Zbinko handed over the administration to the Tridentine -minded canon Jakob Miller . From around 1590, the Speyer canon Adolph Wolff von Metternich (1553-1619) was the spiritual educator and mentor of the minor bishop. On December 18, 1596, Philip was elevated to cardinal deacon by Pope Clement VIII , probably less because of his services, but more to strengthen the Wittelsbach house and the Duchy of Bavaria in the conflict with the Protestants. Just two years later, the Cardinal Deacon-Bishop died at the age of 22. There are no reports on the circumstances of death, the course of the funeral ceremonies or the circumstances of the funeral. The burial took place in the Frauenkirche in Munich . There two plaques at the entrance to the crypt commemorate the dead Wittelsbachers.

A grave monument of considerable dimensions and 7 m high (with a cross) made of marble, bronze and wood can be found in the Regensburg Cathedral . It shows the deceased kneeling in front of a crucifix on a pedestal decorated with coats of arms and inscriptions. The clients for the construction of the monument were not the parents who were still alive when their son died, but according to the inscription the older brother and later Elector Maximilian I (Bavaria) , to whom his father had handed over rule in 1596. Planning, design and installation of the monument, which is a well-detached grave monument and as " free grave can be called" dragged on for several years. The creators of the cardinal figure could be Hans Krumpper or Hubert Gerhard . At the end of 1611 the monument was shipped to Regensburg via the Isar and Danube. The initially planned elitist site in the cathedral choir between the rows of seats in the cathedral chapter was rejected because of the size of the monument. In lengthy disputes with the power-conscious Duke Maximilian I, a place in the nave was chosen, which is still controversial today.

literature

  • Michael Buchberger (Ed.): 1200 years of the diocese of Regensburg. Regensburg 1939, p. 52f.
  • Karl Hausberger : History of the diocese of Regensburg. Volume 1: Middle Ages and Early Modern Times. Regensburg 1989, pp. 324-329.
  • Josef Staber: Church history of the diocese of Regensburg. Regensburg 1966, pp. 125-128.
  • Heinfried Wischermann: “Princeps ad Maxima natus” reflections on the memorial of Cardinal Bishop Philipp Wilhelm of Bavaria (1576–1598) in Regensburg Cathedral . Regensburg Autumn Symposium Working Group (Ed.), Volume 26, Between Gothic and Baroque, Traces of the Renaissance in Regensburg , Dr. Peter Morsbach Verlag 2012, ISBN = 978-3-937527-55-0, pp. 91-114.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Heinfried Wischermann: "Princeps ad maxima natus", considerations on the memorial of Cardinal Bishop Philipp Wilhelm of Bavaria (1576–1598) . In: Working Group Regensburg Autumn Symposium (ed.): “Between Gothic and Baroque” traces of the Renaissance in Regensburg . tape 26 . Dr. Peter Morsbach Verlag, Regensburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-937527-55-0 , p. 91-108 .

Web links

predecessor Office successor
David Kölderer from Burgstall Bishop of Regensburg
1579–1598 		Sigmund von Fugger
personal data
SURNAME Bavaria, Philipp von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bavaria, Philipp Wilhelm von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Roman Catholic clergyman, Bishop of Regensburg (1579–1598)
DATE OF BIRTH September 9, 1576 or September 22, 1576
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH May 18, 1598 or May 21, 1598
Place of death Dachau