Pohledští Dvořáci
| Pohledští Dvořáci | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Kraj Vysočina | ||||
| District : | Havlíčkův Brod | ||||
| Municipality : | Havlíčkův Brod | ||||
| Area : | 96 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 37 ' N , 15 ° 36' E | ||||
| Height: | 450 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 2,698 (2011) | ||||
| Postal code : | 580 01 | ||||
| License plate : | J | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Havlíčkův Brod - Ždírec nad Doubravou | ||||
| Railway connection: |
Brno – Havlíčkův Brod Havlíčkův Brod – Pardubice |
||||
Pohledští Dvořáci (German Frauentaler Höfler , also Höflern ) is a basic settlement unit of the city of Havlíčkův Brod in the Czech Republic. It is located two kilometers east of the city center of Havlíčkův Brod and belongs to the Okres Havlíčkův Brod .
geography
Pohledští Dvořáci is located on the right side of the Sázava at the confluence of the brook Břevnický potok in the Hornosázavská pahorkatina ( hill country on the upper Sázava ). The state road I / 34 from Havlíčkův Brod to Ždírec nad Doubravou and the railway lines Brno – Havlíčkův Brod and Havlíčkův Brod – Pardubice run through the village .
Neighboring towns are Občiny, U Pabousků, U Myslivců, U Venců, Břevnice and Kyjov in the north, Dvorce , Ždírec and Böhmův Dvůr in the northeast, Rouštany , Anžírna and Pohled in the east, Samoty, Zálesí, Dřvoreký , Dřvoreký , and Termesivykov in the southeast in the south, Horní Žižkov in the southwest, Za Klášterem and Kalvárie in the west and Vršovice in the northwest.
history
After the town of Brod Smilonis was founded, in the middle of the 13th century, a belt of individual farms belonging to the citizens of Broder was laid out in its soft patch at a distance of one to two kilometers. The farms were not managed by the citizens themselves, but by free leaseholders who paid a fixed lap . The courtiers were initially completely free peasants and in the 14th century became subordinate to almost all obligations of the landlord. In contrast to the Bohemian courtyards , the courtiers were not enfeoffed by the land , they were in a hereditary emphyteutical relationship with the owners . The legal status of the courtiers is comparable to that of the Künischen free peasants , nowhere else in the Kingdom of Bohemia were the free courts as densely as around Brod Smilonis .
The villages Poděbaby and Gobldorf, the farmsteads Šenklhof , Raušnštan , Verneřuov , Pabianuov , Koranduov , Hertuov , the farms of Hayman Ryšavý, Jindřich Bihuš, Konrát Bielý, the Olman and Wilhelm families, the fields of four hooves in Ješuov , one hoof in Erhartuov , one hoof and the forest in Hercuov , one half hoof in Arnoltuov , the farms Werneřuov and Beranuov in Veselice and the farm Remelduov in Jeřnujeves are listed as accessories of the city. In the 14th century more courtyards were built; In 1339 the court of the judge's widow Eliška Verner, 1343 the court of Štěpán Lucie, 1379 the court of Mikuláš Göldner and court Tirmanshofen , 1382 the fortified court Haderburg and the Chudenhof and 1393 the court of Mikuláš Liphart. At that time the courtiers were spread out to a radius of five kilometers. It is assumed that the courtyards within sight of the mountain town also served to protect it and to warn of approaching enemy troops. The farms Ridlův dvůr, Mendlův dvůr, dvůr Kocmanův, Novotnův dvůr and Prchalův dvůr were close to Jihlava leading road, Baštinův dvůr on the road to Polná and Sidlakov, the courtyards Rauchštein , Haderburg, Šenklhofy and Šidlákův dvůr on the road to Přibyslav , Kyglhofy on the road to Ždírec , Pelestrov , Rožnak and Kotlasovy dvory on the road to Čáslav , Chudenhof, Valentův dvůr, Vítkův dvůr and Urbanův dvůr on the way to Humpolec , Veselice, Papšíkův dvůr and Spálený dvůr on the way to Okrouhlice and Svetla .
After the town of Deutschbrod had been conquered and destroyed by the Hussites under Jan Žižka in 1422 , Nikolaus Trčka von Lípa took possession of the town's property and added it to his Lipnitz castle . After the repopulation of Deutschbrod with the Czech population, the town with the Kotlasovy dvory, Primátorský dvůr and Obecní dvůr received only a small part of the courtiers. He made the other courtiers subordinate to his farms Chlístov and Klanečná. In 1496 there was a rebellion among the courtiers who wanted to have their old rights restored. After the death of Nikolaus Trčka von Lípa, the rule was divided between 1559 and 1561; the Světlá estate with the town of Chotěboř and the towns of Smrdov , Habry , Bělá and Dolní Město including about 70 villages fell to Burian Trčka from Lípa. In 1562 Franz von Thurn and Valsassina acquired the rule Deutschbrod, the Rychta der Höfler was separated from the town charter of Deutschbrod and assigned to the rule Světlá. In Urbar the rule Světlá of 1591 which the Höfler- are Rychtář listed in Veselice below halos around Deutschbrod: right of Sázava the courts Spálené dvory, Panuškovy dvory, Baštinův dvůr, Bartův dvůr, Berkův dvůr, Šenklyfy , Rauštan , Kylgyfy and Kloučkovy dvory; left of the river Baštinův dvůr, Kocmanovy dvory, Novotnův dvůr, Nyklperky, Škrlíkovy dvory, Štědromovy dvory and Pabšíkův dvůr. Poděbaby, Veselice and Termesivy were listed separately .
Jan Rudolf Trčka von Lípa , who had inherited the rule of Světlá in 1597 from his brother Maximilian, sold the village Suchá and the farms Termesivy, Spálené dvory, Pavučkovy dvory, Šenklhofy and Kylhofy to his Swietla captain Johann Güglinger von Kneislinger von Kneiselstein ( Jan Gyglinger zna ) in 1598 . The courtyards separated from the other dvořáci na samotách kolem Brodu ( courtiers in the desert around Brod ) were referred to as dvořáci na vrších ( courtiers on the heights ). In 1600 Güglinger sold Suchá and two farms from Spálené dvory with a free tavern to citizens of Deutschbroder. The Termesivy estate with the associated courtiers on the heights was confiscated from the property of Güglinger von Kneiselstein after the battle of the White Mountain and transferred to the Frauenthal monastery , henceforth the courtiers were referred to as Frauenthaler Höfler . In 1782 Emperor Joseph II abolished the Cistercian convent and assigned the Frauenthal estate to the religious fund. Until 1807 the property was administered by the Imperial and Royal Bohemian State Property Administration, after which it was publicly auctioned and sold to Count Joseph von Unwerth. After his death in 1822 Eugen Graf Silva-Tarouca-Unwerth inherited the property.
In 1840 the scattered settlement Höflern and Höfler , located in the Caslauer Kreis and consisting of individual farms and layers, comprised 21 houses in which 148 predominantly German-speaking people lived. The living spaces belonged to it:
- Schenkelhof , 4 houses
- Schidlak ( Stříbrný Dvůr ), 2 houses
- Řiha, 3 houses
- Pabausek ( U Pabousků ), 1 house
- Kozman, 1 house
- Hammer or Hammerdörfel ( Hamry ), 7 houses, including a mill.
The parish was Teutschbrod . Until the middle of the 19th century, Höflern remained subject to Gut Frauenthal and Termeshöfen .
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Frantálské Dvorce or Pohledské Dvorce in 1849 with the hamlet Šenklívy a municipality in the judicial district Deutschbrod . From 1868 the community belonged to the Deutschbrod district . Since the 1870s, Pohledští Dvořáci has also been used as an alternative as a community name, and since 1924 only this name has been used as the official Czech place name. On July 1, 1960, Pohledští Dvořáci was incorporated into Havlíčkův Brod; the hamlet of Šenklify was separated and added to the municipality of Kyjov . Today the place is strongly commercial.
Local division
The basic settlement unit Pohledští Dvořáci belongs to the district Havlíčkův Brod and is part of the cadastral district Havlíčkův Brod.
Pohledští Dvořáci exists as the settlements Hamry ( Hammer ) and Pohledští Dvořáci.
Web links
- Karel Kysilka, Jiří Pavlíček: Nástin dějin Okrouhlických Dvořáků
- Collection Obecní úřad Pohledští Dvořáci in the Havlíčkův Brod district archive
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.risy.cz/cs/vyhledavace/obce/detail?zuj=568414&zsj=037851
- ↑ http://www.risy.cz/cs/vyhledavace/obce/detail?zuj=568414&zsj=037851
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 11: Caslauer Kreis. Ehrlich, Prague 1843, p. 182.
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj/03785/Pohledsti-Dvoraci