Promnitz (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Promnitz

Promnitz is the name of a family belonging to the ancient Saxon aristocracy with a parent company in Promnitz an der Elbe. Adam Herman von Promnitz was first mentioned as the progenitor in 1270. The family migrated to Lower Lusatia , Pirna and Silesia .

On November 29, 1559, Emperor Ferdinand I elevated all members of the family to the status of imperial barons . In 1652 Siegmund Seyfrid von Promnitz (1595-1654) zu Pless, Sorau and Triebel, governor of Lower Lusatia , was raised to the bohemian count .

The richly wealthy count's line, related by marriage to numerous families of the high nobility , died out with Johann Erdmann Graf von Promnitz (1719–1785). The baronial line is still flourishing.

Middle Ages to the 16th century

Starting from the village Promnitz on the Elbe (first mention in 1185) in the Mark Meissen - first Vorwerk, then schriftsässiges Good with lock - the family had in the places Röderau, Brockwitz, Böhla and Zehren many possessions.

With the banner gentlemen Sigismund von Promnitz (1380–1444) on Lessendorf and Otto II. Von Promnitz (approx. 1377–1430) on Weichau, the main lines of the noble family in Silesia begin, and with Heinrich I Promnitz († 1485) a line that in Pirna belonged to the patrician city ​​nobility, provided some mayors and had the Promnitz House there (Lange Str. 43) decorated in a representative manner in the 17th century. The Marieneck and the so-called Canaletto house were also owned by Promnitz.

At the turn of the 15th to the 16th century the houses existed: Lessendorf (today: Lasocin bei Freystadt ), Weichau (today Wichów , part of the Brzeźnica municipality ), Dittersbach (today Dzietrzychowice , Sagan municipality ), Hirschfeldau and Pirna .

Balthasar von Promnitz was the first of the family to win an office of national importance from the Lessendorf family . In 1539 he became Prince-Bishop of Breslau and Governor of Silesia. He acquired the most important family estates, the dominions of Pleß in 1542, Triebel in 1556 and Sorau in 1558. In his will he established a majority rule and a minority council for the descendants of his family .

Prince-Bishop Balthasar's older brother Caspar III. von Promnitz auf Lessendorf was captain of the soft pictures Freystadt and Grünberg in Lower Silesia. His first son Stanislaus inherited the Majorat Pless from his uncle, the bishop . Caspar's youngest son of the same name received the minor council donated by his episcopal uncle. Stanislaus died childless and left Pless to his younger brother Karl, who in 1572 acquired the indebted rule of Bielitz , which was raised to a minority rule by Emperor Maximilian II .

Balthasar Herrmann von Promnitz on Skarsina from the Neu-Weichau line was adopted by the last representative of the Weichau-Dittersbach main line, Hans von Promnitz . He therefore inherited all of his possessions: the Dittersbach, Greisitz and Küpper estates.

Anselm I von Promnitz from the Weichau family had a son, Seyfrid von Promnitz, in Ursula von Nostitz . In 1562 he inherited Sorau and Triebel from the Bishop of Breslau. His son Heinrich Anselm , bailiff of Niederlausitz, succeeded his father in 1597 in possession of the property. His son was Siegmund Seyfrid († 1654), the first count of Promnitz.

17th and 18th centuries

Siegmund Seyfrid , baron from the House of Alt-Weichau zu Pleß, Sorau and Triebel, governor in Lower Lusatia , is awarded a diploma from Emperor Ferdinand III on June 9, 1652 . raised to the bohemian count status. From 1654 to 1664 his eldest son, Erdmann I. Leopold Graf von Promnitz († 1664), owned the property. He hired Wolfgang Caspar Printz as Director musices for the Promnitz Court Orchestra.

From 1664 to 1678 Ulrich Hypparchos Graf von Promnitz , lord of Forst und Pförten (owned until 1726), acted as guardian for his brother's children. Her brother, Balthasar Erdmann Graf von Promnitz (1656–1703), was employed in his father's estates after reaching the age of majority. In 1697 the Drehna dominion was acquired.

From Balthasar Erdmann's marriage to Countess Emilie Agnes Reuss zu Schleiz (1667–1729) in 1682, the eldest son was Count Erdmann II von Promnitz . He made the improvement of the school system his main task. In addition to establishing and maintaining schools, he also paid the teachers. In 1704 Erdmann II appointed the young Georg Philipp Telemann as Promnitz's court conductor. His marriage to the high nobility was sealed with his marriage to Anna Maria Princess von Sachsen-Weißenfels (1683–1731) in 1705 . From 1710 to 1728 he had Giovanni Simonetti erect a new baroque building next to the old Biberstein castle at the headquarters of the Counts in Sorau , a monumental four-wing structure.

His eldest son and successor, Johann Erdmann Graf von Promnitz (1719–1785), had no heir from his marriage in 1754. He left the rule of Pleß in 1765 to his nephew, the son of his sister Emilie, Prince Friedrich Erdmann von Anhalt-Köthen , who has since dubbed Prince von Anhalt-Köthen-Pless. In the same year he sold the important dominions of Sorau and Triebel to the King of Saxony.

With him, the Count's house of Promnitz died out in the male line, with his sister, Countess Agnes Sophie (1720–1791), also in the female line. The baronial line continues to flourish today.

19th century

On the one hand, numerous family members emigrated to America, Australia and South Africa, on the other hand the baronial line remained on estates such as Pitschkau (now Pietrzyków ), Züllichau , Croischwitz and Adlig Krummendorf. In 1753, Empress Maria Theresa ordered this line to be expanded to include Barons Promnitz von Promnitzau .

The Promnitz Hunting Lodge, built in 1861 by the Counts of Hochberg zu Pleß in the forest near Pless (today Pszczyna ) in place of an older Promnitz castle, still reminds of the name of the previous owner family.

coat of arms

Three coats of arms from Promnitz in Siebmacher's book of arms

The tribe coat of arms shows an upward slanting silver arrow in red, accompanied by two silver stars. On the crowned helmet with red-silver covers three (silver, black, red) peacock feathers.

Knight Nicolaus von Promnitz may have received the family coat of arms in 1324 for his services in the Battle of Mühldorf .

People (selection)

  • Adam Herman zu Promnitz (d. N. 1285)
  • Thielmann von Promnitz (first mentioned in 1296), to Promnitz-Röderau
  • Fritsche von Promnitz (died 1439), on Freiwaldau
  • Henry III. von Promnitz (died 1462), on Dittersbach
  • Otto III. von Promnitz (died 1465), ad H. Weichau, Altarista zu Sagan
  • Caspar I von Promnitz (died 1491), ad H. Lessendorf
  • Melchior I von Promnitz (died 1483), ad H. Hirschfeldau
  • Balthasar I von Promnitz (died 1480), ad H. Weichau
  • Nicolaus III. (died 1512), ad H. Weichau, clergy
  • Martin I of Promnitz (around 1475–1532), on Schüttlau, Burgrave Duke Friedrich II of Liegnitz
  • Balthasar III. Baron von Promnitz ad H. Lessendorf (1488–1562), 34th Prince-Bishop of Breslau and Neisse with the motto "DOMINUS ADJUTOR MEUS", Governor of Silesia, Duke of Grottkau, lien owner of the Principality of Sagan, acquirer of the Free Standership of Pleß in Upper Silesia and the Lordship of Sorau and Triebel in Upper Lusatia
  • Caspar III von Promnitz (1470–1543), to Lessendorf, captain
  • Anselm I. von Promnitz (1500–1545), on Alt Weichau
  • Stanislaus Freiherr von Promnitz (died 1568), on Pless
  • George II. Baron von Promnitz (around 1520–1572), on Schüttlau, Truchsess Ferdinand I and staff master / staff holder
  • Carolus Freiherr von Promnitz (died 1591), on Pless and Bielitz
  • Caspar IV. Baron von Promnitz (died 1606), on Pless
  • Seyfrid the Elder Ä. Baron von Promnitz (1534–1597), on Sorau and Triebel, imperial councilor and chamber president, lien holder of the Principality of Sagan
  • Ursula Freiin von Promnitz, b. von Schaffgotsch (1542–1587), wife of Seyfried the Elder. Ä., Gave birth to 20 children
  • George III Baron von Promnitz (1582–1637), youngest son of Seyfried the Elder. Ä.
  • Balthasar Herrmann von Promnitz (1600–1642), on Skarsina, Dittersbach , Greisitz and Küpper
  • Heinrich Anselm Freiherr von Promnitz (1564–1622), governor of Lower Lusatia
  • Weighard d. Ä. Baron von Promnitz (1570–1618), rector of the University of Wittenberg
  • Chilianus Freiherr von Promnitz (1587–1632), mayor of Pirna
  • Franns I. Herman Freiherr von Promnitz (1593–1643) ad H. Dittersbach
  • Siegmund Seyfrid von Promnitz (1595–1654), first Count of Promnitz, zu Pleß, Sorau and Triebel, governor of Lower Lusatia
  • Heinrich V. Freiherr von Promnitz (1622–1685), Governing Mayor of Pirna
  • Erdmann I. Leopold Graf von Promnitz (1631–1664), Imperial Colonel on foot
  • Ulrich Graf von Promnitz (1636–1695 / 97), 1667 founder of the Pförten line , major general of the cavalry, 1st company head of the Saxon Guard Riders in Dresden
  • Benigna Countess zu Solms-Laubach , b. Countess von Promnitz (1648–1702), German pietist
  • Bibiana Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Norburg, b. Countess von Promnitz (August 8, 1649– August 19, 1685)
  • Balthasar VII. Erdmann Count of Promnitz (1656–1703)
  • Julius Graf von Promnitz (born 1675), called the Springer
  • Anshelm II. Graf von Promnitz (1678–1726), son of Ulrich Graf von Promnitz, from 1699 Lord of Forst und Pförten, head of the Lower Lusatia region
  • Erdmann ll. Count of Promnitz ad H. Kreppelhof (1680–1704)
  • Jacob d. J. Baron von Promnitz (1680–1727), zu Dammitsch and Hertwigswaldau
  • Count Erdmann III. von Promnitz (1683–1745), Privy Councilor and Cabinet Minister August the Strong
  • Christine Johanna Emilie Princess of Anhalt-Köthen , b. Countess von Promnitz (1708–1732), second wife of Prince August von Anhalt-Köthen (1697–1755) and daughter of Count Erdmann III. from Promnitz
  • Anna Friederike Princess of Anhalt-Köthen, b. Countess von Promnitz (1711–1750), third wife of Prince August von Anhalt-Köthen (1697–1755) and sister of Emilie
  • Johann Wilhelm Freiherr von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1712–1769), Lieutenant Colonel zu Raab
  • Johann Gotthard Freiherr von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1716–1788), on Liebenzig, Pirnigk and Adlig Krummendorf
  • Johann Erdmann Count of Promnitz (1719–1785)
  • Agnes Sophie Countess Reuss zu Ebersdorf, b. Countess of Promnitz (1720–1791)
  • Wilhelmine Loise Caroline Countess von Promnitz, b. Countess zur Lippe-Biesterfeld (1733–1766)
  • Seyfried von Promnitz (Drehna) (1734–1760), landowner
  • Johann Jacob Freiherr von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1752–1813), zu Züllichau , treasurer , mayor
  • Erdmann IV. Siegfried Graf von Promnitz (born and died 1756)
  • Hans Otto Wilhelm Emil Baron von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1802-1859), on Pitschkau
  • Johann Carl Gustav Ludwig Baron von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1804–1832), St. Petersburg, prince educator at the Tsar's court
  • Johann Carl Otto Hugo Baron von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1836–1889), Breslau , bridge builder and designer
  • Georg IV. Otto Hugo Baron von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1878–1918), graduate engineer, member of the board of directors of the Donnersmarck mines
  • Else Karoline Adelheid Freiin von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1879–1934), Breslau, poet, works: St. Wenzel , St. Hedwig
  • Eva Adelheid Bertha Freiin von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1881–1965), Görlitz, painter
  • Viktor II. Werner von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1907–1973), musicologist in Rostock
  • Liselotte Adelheid von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1913–1996), Dresden, church musician
  • Horst Georg Hugo von Promnitz and Promnitzau (1918–1997), Dresden, managing director
  • Franns-Wilfrid von Promnitz (* 1952), German organist, pianist, conductor, composer and singer, specialist in early music

Fiction

literature

  • Konrad Blažek : J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms , Volume IV, Section 11, The nobility of Austria-Silesia , Bauer & Raspe, Nuremberg 1885, p. 61
  • Heinrich Graf von Brühl and the rule of Forst-Pförten. Edited by the Brandenburgisches Textilmuseum, Forst (Lausitz) 2003.
  • Tomasz Jaworski, Sylwia Kocioł (eds.): Promnitzowie w dziejach Śląska i Łużyc . Zielonogórskie Studia Łużyckie, Volume 7. Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, Zielona Góra 2011, ISBN 978-83-7481-467-6 .
  • Hans Friedrich von Ehrenkrook : Ancestral lines from all German districts. Volume 1, Publishing House for Family Research and Heraldry CA Starke, Görlitz 1928.
  • Ernst Heinrich Kneschke (Ed.): New general German nobility Lexicon . Seventh volume, Leipzig 1867.
  • Piotr Kowalski: Wpływ Promnitzów na rozwój gospodarki leśnej na terenie pogranicza śląsko-łużyckiego w XVII – XVIII wieku. In: Tomasz Jaworski, Sylwia Kocioł (eds.): Promnitzowie w dziejach Śląska i Łużyc . Zielonogórskie Studia Łużyckie, Volume 7. Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, Zielona Góra 2011, ISBN 978-83-7481-467-6 , pp. 117–125.
  • Piotr Kowalski, Izabela Taraszczuk: Promnitzowie w dziejach Śląska i Łużyc. In: Przegląd Zachodni. Czasopismo Instytutu Zachodniego w Poznaniu. Instytut Zachodni, Poznań 2010, No. 1 (334) / 2010, pp. 296–298, ISSN  0033-2437 (report on the scientific conference “The Promnitz House in the History of Silesia and Lusatia” of the Institute for History / University of Zielona Góra and Żary City Office in Żary from October 22, 2009, Polish).
  • Hans Erich Kubach, Joachim Seeger, Wilhelm Jung: The art monuments of the Sorau district and the city of Forst . Series: Die Kunstdenkmäler der Provinz Brandenburg, ed. from the Brandenburg Provincial Association under the editorship of Heinrich Jerchel. German Art Publishing House, Berlin 1939.
  • Johann Samuel Magnus : Historical description of the high Reichs-Graflichen Promnitzschen Residentz-Stadt Sorau in Niederlausitz, and the same regent church and regiment things, as well as scholars Leuthen and special bier incidents . Leipzig 1710.
  • Marcin Maciejewski: Tytulatura rodu from Promnitz z linii żarskiej w XVI-XVIII wieku w świetle rękopisów i starodruków. In: Studia Zachodnie 2016, t. 18, ISSN  1428-0663 .
  • Ekkehart Neumann-Reppert: The Promnitz family .
  • Jerzy Polak: Erdmann II Promnitz. Wolny pan na Pszczynie i Żarach (1683-1745) . Pszczyna 1996, ISBN 83-903008-7-7 .
  • Detlev Schwennicke : European family tables . New episode Volume XIX: Between Weser and Oder . Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 2000, ISBN 3-465-03074-5 .
  • Johann Sinapius : Silesian curiosities. Volume I, Leipzig 1720, pp. 95-109 ( digitized version )
  • Johann Sinapius : Silesian curiosities. Volume II, Leipzig 1728.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm von Sommersberg: Silesiorum Rei Historicae et Genealogicae Accessiones. M. Hubert, Leipzig 1732, pp. 272–277 ( Stamm-Taffel of the Hoch-Reichs-Graflichen Haus von Promnitz ).
  • Wojciech Strzyżewski: Herby rodziny from Promnitzów. In: Tomasz Jaworski, Sylwia Kocioł (eds.): Promnitzowie w dziejach Śląska i Łużyc . Zielonogórskie Studia Łużyckie, Volume 7. Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, Zielona Góra 2011, ISBN 978-83-7481-467-6 , pp. 31-37.
  • Izabela Taraszczuk: Obraz rodu Promnitzów w literaturze pięknej. In: Tomasz Jaworski, Sylwia Kocioł (eds.): Promnitzowie w dziejach Śląska i Łużyc . Zielonogórskie Studia Łużyckie, Volume 7. Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, Zielona Góra 2011, ISBN 978-83-7481-467-6 , pp. 187-210.
  • Johann Gottlob Worbs : History of the Lords Sorau and Triebel . Rauert, Sorau 1826.
  • School publications from Sorau since 1809. In: Neues Lausitzisches Magazin . Volume 1, 1822, pp. 416–444, especially pp. 432–435 ( digitized version )
  • Walter von Boetticher, History of the Upper Lusatian Nobility and their Goods , Volume 2, p.502ff
  • Alfred Sabisch: "The Bishops of Breslau and the Reformation in Silesia", Verlag Aschendorff Münster
  • Philipp Melanchthon: "Epistola Gratulatorica", Breslau 1541

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ , the bride was a great-granddaughter of the Saxon Elector Johann Georg I.