Roztoki (Międzylesie)

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Roztoki
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Roztoki (Poland)
Roztoki
Roztoki
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Kłodzko
Gmina : Międzylesie
Geographic location : 50 ° 12 ′  N , 16 ° 40 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 11 ′ 30 "  N , 16 ° 40 ′ 13"  E
Height : 410 m npm
Residents : 360
Postal code : 57-530
Telephone code : (+48) 74
License plate : DKL
Economy and Transport
Street : DK33 Międzylesie - Kłodzko
Rail route : Kłodzko – Międzylesie
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Roztoki [ rɔs'tɔki ] (German Schönfeld ) is a village in the south of the powiat Kłodzki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. It belongs to the municipality of Międzylesie ( Mittelwalde ), from which it is five kilometers to the north.

geography

Roztoki lies between the Glatzer Schneegebirge and the Habelschwerdter Mountains in the valley of the Glatzer Neisse . The state road 33 from Glatz, which leads south of Boboszów to the Czech Republic, runs through the village . Neighboring towns are Domaszków in the north, Nowa Wieś and Gajnik the east, Michałowice and Goworów the southeast, Nagodzice in the south, Różanka in the southwest, the castle buckles stone and Gniewoszów the west and Długopole Górne in the northwest, where the 739 m high Jedlnik ( Three Tannenberg ) lies.

history

Schönfeld was first mentioned in 1358 as Schoninvelt . Other spellings were Schonwald (1360), Schonfeld (1361) and Schönwaldt . It is documented as a parish for 1360 and belonged to the respective owners of the Mittelwalde rule until 1610. Six residents of Schönfeld drowned in a flood in 1598. The Swedes did great damage in the Thirty Years' War . The church, already mentioned in 1360, was rebuilt at the end of the 16th century by the Lords of Tschirnhaus. In its place, with the approval of the Prague Consistory 1720–1726, a larger church was built and furnished in the Baroque style.

After the Silesian Wars , Schönfeld and the County of Glatz came to Prussia in 1763 with the Peace of Hubertusburg . Evidence for the beginning of the 19th century is as follows: a parish church, a rectory, a school, a manorial outbuilding , a hereditary building , a brick factory, a Kretscham , a water mill, 22 farmers and 92 gardeners and cottagers . The inhabitants included a blacksmith, a baker, a tailor and a shoemaker.

After the reorganization of Prussia, Schönfeld belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and was initially incorporated into the district of Glatz. On January 24, 1818, it was reclassified to the Habelschwerdt district , to which it belonged until 1945. In 1939 there were 629 inhabitants.

As a result of the Second World War , Schönfeld, like almost all of Silesia, fell to Poland in 1945 and was renamed Roztoki . The German population was expelled. Some of the new residents were displaced from eastern Poland , which had fallen to the Soviet Union . 1975-1998 Roztoki belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship (German Waldenburg ).

Reign of Schönfeld

Schönfeld initially belonged to the Mittelwalde dominion. After Friedrich, Hans and David Heinrich, grandsons of Friedrich von Tschirnhaus, who were raised to the baron status, shared their inheritance in 1610, the eldest brother Friedrich received the villages of Schönfeld, Hain , Neundorf , Lauterbach , Gläsendorf , Thanndorf and Neißbach , which from then on "Herrschaft Schönfeld" formed. Even beforehand, the properties were transferred from fiefdom to inheritance .

Friedrich was an imperial head-sitter and in 1610 married Elisabeth von Dohna , widow of Ferdinand Hofmann von Grünbühel auf Grafenstein , through whom he also came to Bohemian possessions. After her death on August 3, 1611, he married Juliana von Damnitz . In contrast to his brothers, Friedrich was an avowed Catholic. After his death in 1614, the indebted Schönwald rule took over his widow Juliana, who two years later married the archducal chamberlain Johann Arbogast von Annenberg . Because of the turmoil caused by the Bohemian class uprising , Johann Arbogast did not come into permanent possession of the Schönfeld rule until 1623. After his death in 1645, the estate was inherited by his son Karl Heinrich, who sold the Schönfeld estate to Count Michael Ferdinand von Althann in 1648 , who already owned the Mittelwalde and Wölfelsdorf estates .

Subsequently he built with imperial permission from the dominions Schonfeld, Mittelwalde and Woelfel village a primogeniture , which in 1658 inherited his son of the same Michael Wenzel (Franz). After his early death, the majority passed to a half-brother of his father, the imperial councilor and treasurer Michael Wenzel von Althann († 1686), who later became governor of the County of Glatz. Heir was his son of the same name, who died in 1738 at the age of 70. The majority rule Mittelwalde, Schönfeld, Wölfelsdorf, Grulich and others fell to his son Michael Emmanuel von Althann. He died in 1749, and the majority rule fell to his only son, Michael Otto, who was not yet of legal age. He founded the villages Michaelsthal and Neuneißbach in the area of ​​his rule Schönfeld . Since he only left one daughter, his majorate rulers fell in 1797 to the eldest agnate , the imperial chamberlain Michael Karl von Althann, a grandson of Michael Ferdinand von Althann. Michael Karl von Althann died childless and bequeathed the majority rule to his brother Michael Wenzel von Althann. After he died in 1810 without heirs, all majorate rulers fell to Michael Johann from the Spanish line of Althann, from whom his brother Michael Franz inherited them in 1815.

Attractions

Cartridge at the portal of the Freirichterhof
  • The former judicial estate was built in 1568 and rebuilt around 1600. It served as the manor of the von Tschirnhaus family and was destroyed by the Swedes in the Thirty Years' War in 1643. The renaissance portal with floral decoration contains a cartouche with the year 1569 and a medallion with eight family coats of arms and a portrait of a man.
  • The St. Martin's Parish Church ( Kośćiół Św. Marcina ) was rebuilt on the site of a previous building in 1720–1726 - presumably according to plans by Althann's architect Jakob Carove. The main altar by Michael Klahr the Elder was destroyed by a fire in 1900 . Ä. was newly created by August Klein from Bad Landeck . Have received from Michael Klar d. Ä. the side altars of St. Anna, St. Johannes Nepomuk and Maria Immaculata and the pulpit. It is decorated with figures of the church fathers on the balustrade and with the four evangelists on the parapet . God the Father and Moses decorate the sound cover . The figures of hll also come from Klahr. Johannes von Nepomuk and Martin on the outer walls. The outer figure of St. Barbara comes from the 1st half of the 18th century. The organ prospect is from 1900. The church is surrounded by a wall with a late baroque gate and an ossuary.
  • The rectory from 1794/95 was rebuilt in 1836.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marek Šebela, Jiři Fišer: České Názvy hraničních Vrchů, Sídel a vodních toků v Kladsku. In: Kladský sborník 5, 2003, p. 388
  2. ↑ General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts, Volume 26 (1835), page 301