Schadeck (Runkel)

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Schadeck
City of Runkel
Schadeck coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 24 ′ 34 ″  N , 8 ° 9 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 160-230 m
Area : 4.65 km²
Residents : 1052  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 226 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st December 1970
Postal code : 65594
Area code : 06482

Schadeck is a district of the town of Runkel in the Limburg-Weilburg district in Central Hesse . It owes its name to Schadeck Castle , which was built in 1288 as a fortress against Runkel Castle ("corner to the damage of Runkel Castle").

geography

Aerial view from the south with the Schadeck town center (center, above) and the newer parts of the town stretched to the southwest, as well as the old town (center, below) and newer parts (right) of the core town of Runkel. The Kerkerbachtal (left), the large forest north of Schadeck (above) and part of the field markings in the east (right) are also clearly visible.

Schadeck is located immediately north of the Lahn , opposite the core town of Runkel, but with its town center above a steep slope and thus around 50 meters higher than the old town center of Runkel. The place is located in the east of the Limburg basin , around seven kilometers east of the district town of Limburg an der Lahn .

Today Schadeck has the extremely elongated townscape of an almost two kilometer long arch that opens to the south, mostly on a slope. The reason for this are new development areas that have expanded from the town center mainly towards the southwest. In the northeast, the place has almost grown together with the right-wing parts of the core town of Runkel, at its southeastern tip it merges into the “Kerkerbach” industrial area, which is also part of the core town.

The district is roughly triangular in shape, with points to the west, south and northeast. It borders in the west on Steeden , in the north on Hofen and the Runkeler Wald, which belongs to the core city, in the east on Arfurt , in the south on the capital of the neighboring municipality of Villmar , to which the Lahn forms the border, and in the south on the core town Runkel . The place itself extends from 130 to 185 meters in height. To the east of the slope on which the village is located, there is comparatively flat terrain that only drops significantly again near the Lahn. North of the old village center, the terrain rises again significantly and reaches a height of 230 meters. Since the Kerkerbach flows in its clearly cut valley at some distance northwest of the town, the entire western part of the district has considerable height differences, so that the area built with houses there has the character of a ridge.

The district is mainly covered by agricultural land, which takes up almost the entire eastern part with its small height differences. There only the slope towards the Lahn is overgrown with forest and bushes. To the west and north of the village, the significant differences in altitude often only allow grassland farming. There, the area is also claimed by the floodplain of the Kerkerbach and mixed forest. The latter merges into a large forest area northeast of Schadeck, which, however, largely belongs to the districts of other Runkeler districts.

history

Schadeck Castle was built from 1276 to 1288 in the course of inheritance and property disputes by "Heinrich von Westerburg " as a stronghold against Runkel Castle , which was then owned by a cousin. However, Runkel Castle was not conquered.

While the castle was being built, a small settlement of around 35 houses was also created within the other fortifications made up of Gebück and Landwehr around the castle. 1288, the year the castle was completed, is also the year the town of Schadeck was first mentioned in a document. As early as 1321, the castle fell to the Electorate of Trier , which, however, left the House of Westerburg there, but now as a feudal taker on the previous property. Shortly thereafter, the Westerburg lords seem to have tried to shake off the suzerainty. In 1344, however, Archbishop Baldwin of Trier captured the fortress in the course of a campaign to secure and expand his area on the right bank of the Rhine. Apparently the House of Westerburg remained present at the castle, but now finally as electoral trier vassals. In 1346, Schadeck received city ​​rights based on the Frankfurt model from King Charles IV . Shortly afterwards a city wall with two gates was built. Remains of the western part of this wall can still be seen in some house foundations.

In the second half of the 14th century, Schadeck seems to have been the seat of an Electoral Trier office . A mayor for the place was first guaranteed in 1466. His area of ​​responsibility is likely to have been limited to the place itself, a few neighboring Trier possessions in the places Aumenau, Fürfurt, Ennerich and Oberrechen as well as the Wenigenvillmar court, which is shared with Runkel.

During the Thirty Years' War the place was conquered by Imperial Wallenstein troops under General Görzenich, all residents were expelled and the outer walls of the castle were razed . In 1628 there seems to have been another brief occupation of the castle.

In addition to a small chapel in the castle, a separate chapel building was built in the castle courtyard in 1429, which also served as the place of worship in Schadeck. It was a branch of the Villmar parish. In 1561 the Reformation was introduced in Schadeck. The first Jews are recorded for 1639. In 1682 the construction of a church began on the moat, which has now been filled in. The church was consecrated in 1691. The capital for the completion comes from the assets of Magdalene Sophie von Hohenlohe, the fiancé of Count Johann Anton zu Leiningen-Westerburg. When she died shortly before the planned wedding, she bequeathed 13,000 thalers to her groom. With this money, Johann Anton released the pledged properties of his family on the Lahn, including Schadeck Castle, where he was born in 1655. He used the remainder of the inheritance to finance the completion of the church.

On June 8, 1765, after a long drought and a lightning strike, 56 houses and almost the entire town burned down. After the fire, the congregation vowed to celebrate this day as a day of remembrance. To this day, three services are celebrated in Schadeck every year on June 8th on the basis of this vow. In 1796, during the coalition wars, there were several looting by French and Austrian soldiers.

In 1803 further parts of the castle complex were razed . In 1812 Count Friedrich von Leiningen-Westerburg sold a large part of his possessions and rights in and around Schadeck, including the castle. The majority of Schadecker residents acted as buyers. After the founding of the Duchy of Nassau, Schadeck was incorporated into the Runkel office in 1815 . From 1821 the west wing of the castle housed the mayor's office and from around 1850 the community school was located on the second floor. In 1843 a staircase with 205 steps was built, which established a connection between Runkel and Schadeck over the steep rocky slope. In 1965 a fire station was built .

The Kerkerbachbahn , which went into operation west of Schadeck in 1888 , offered a direct rail connection to the Lahntalbahn until its closure in 1958 and, in the early 20th century, briefly to the Westerwald to Mengerskirchen. The narrow-gauge railway was mainly used to transport mineral resources, its importance for passenger traffic was minor. The breakpoint was outside the village at a restaurant in the valley. Today the railway embankment is a developed cycle path.

Traditionally, Schadeck was an agricultural village. Smaller marble quarries, an iron stone pit, which is also small, and a small amount of viticulture have been handed down in the area for the 19th century .

On December 1, 1970 , the previously independent municipality of Schadeck and other municipalities merged with the city of Runkel as part of the regional reform in Hesse . This made Schadeck a district of Runkel.

In 2002 the “House of Clubs” was completed.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Schadeck was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population development

For 1822 there are 385 residents in Schadeck, in 1854 there were 488 residents, 468 of them Protestant, 14 Jewish and six Catholic. In 1987 Schadeck had 916 inhabitants. The proportion of Catholics increased significantly after the Second World War , but Schadeck remains a predominantly Protestant place to this day.

Schadeck: Population figures from 1834 to 1970
year     Residents
1834
  
 436
1840
  
 442
1846
  
 438
1852
  
 461
1858
  
 503
1864
  
 536
1871
  
 492
1875
  
 494
1885
  
 490
1895
  
 439
1905
  
 462
1910
  
 502
1925
  
 466
1939
  
 499
1946
  
 738
1950
  
 730
1956
  
 664
1961
  
 650
1967
  
 645
1970
  
 715
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 480 Protestant and 3 Catholic residents
• 1961: 549 Protestant, 65 Roman Catholic residents

politics

The mayor is Alexander Völker (CDU).

coat of arms

In 1948 the Hessian Minister of the Interior granted the municipality the right to use a coat of arms.

Culture and sights

Buildings

  • Schadeck Castle

  • Half-timbered row near the castle

  • Protestant church

  • Small town house from Schadeck, built around 1700, today exhibited in the Hessenpark open-air museum

societies

Schadeck's oldest club is the choral society “Concordia”, founded in 1878. In addition, the gymnastics club has existed since 1901 and the Schadeck volunteer fire brigade since 1933 (with its youth fire brigade since June 26, 1993 ). There is also a small animal breeding association, a local history association and the "Landsknechte", an association that conducts historical reenactment with a focus on the era of the Thirty Years War.

Infrastructure

The Schadeck volunteer fire brigade , founded in 1933 (with youth fire brigade since June 26, 1993), provides fire protection and general help.

Personalities

  • Theodor Wißmann (1818–1884), administrative officer and politician, born in Schadeck

Web links

Commons : Schadeck  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Schadeck, Limburg-Weilburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Numbers and facts. In: website. City of Runkel, accessed August 2020 .
  3. ↑ Amalgamation of the town of Runkel and the communities Ennerich Schadeck and Steeden in the Oberlahnkreis to form the town of "Runkel" on November 30, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 50 , p. 2339 , item 2340 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4.8 MB ]).
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 372 .
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Committees. In: website. City of Runkel, accessed on August 12, 2020 .
  7. ^ Approval of a coat of arms of the community of Schadeck, Oberlahnkreis from June 12, 1948 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1948 no. 26 , p. 261 , point 295 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.7 MB ]).