Eschenau (Runkel)

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Eschenau
City of Runkel
Coordinates: 50 ° 26 ′ 11 ″  N , 8 ° 10 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 155 m above sea level NHN
Area : 2.6 km²
Residents : 270  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 104 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 65594
Area code : 06482

Eschenau is the smallest district of Runkel in the Limburg-Weilburg district in Central Hesse .

geography

Bridge over the Kerkerbach in the town center

Eschenau is located in the northeast of the Limburg Basin , around 3.5 kilometers northeast of the core town of Runkel and around ten kilometers northeast of the district town of Limburg an der Lahn . The village is traversed by the Kerkerbach coming from the northeast .

The district is stretched in an east-west direction. It borders in the west on Niedertiefenbach , in the north on Schupbach (both districts of Beselich ), in the east on a forest that belongs to the core town of Runkel and in the south on the neighboring district of Hofen . The border runs here for about one kilometer along Runkeler Straße (L 3020). The place itself is about 160 meters above sea level in the east of the district. The terrain rises steeply on the slopes of the Kerkerbach valley, then gently to the north and west. In the north-western corner of the district, a height of around 250 meters is reached. The district is largely dominated by agricultural land in the west. The large mixed forest , on whose eastern edge Eschenau is located, is largely part of the districts of the neighboring towns. In Eschenau's own area there are only a few smaller pieces of forest southwest of the village and east of the Kerkerbach, as well as the floodplain of the Kerkerbach.

history

This branch goes back to a manor owned by the von Runkel family.

Local nobility

Eschenauer Mühle, formerly the seat of the noble family, on the left the oldest part of the complex

Eschenau was the seat of a noble family. Vouched for the first time it is for the year 1220 with the entry of a Herrmann of Eschenau, which is a Burgmann of Burg Runkel acted. An at least incomplete family tree of the sex can only be created from 1264 with the mention of a F. von Eschenau . A permanent house on the outskirts was the seat of the family. At the beginning of the 20th century, the complex lost its tower and most of the other fortified parts of the building during renovation. In Eschenau itself, the family seems to have died out soon. The last tradition mentions a Heinrich von Eschenaus in 1289 . The Counts of Diez took over the family's fortified seat. In 1316 at the latest, it was converted into a mill. In 1376 the mill fell to the rule of Runkel, in 1612 to Westerburg and in 1648 to Wied-Runkel . In 1734, master miller Christoph Becker took over the property on a long lease. His descendants are now the owners of the property, which has been supplemented by other buildings. The mill was in operation until 1960, today the building houses a sideline farm.

Relatives of the noble family belonged to the patriciate of the city of Limburg . This Eschenauer family was first mentioned in 1322. In 1367 a Klaus Eschenauer donated a St. Nicholas altar in the Limburg hospital, which identifies him as a wealthy citizen of the city. The family had marriage connections within the Limburg city nobility and the lower nobility of the surrounding region. Numerous members seem to have been Münzer. In addition, holders of the aldermen and the mayor's office are guaranteed. The last member named between 1491 and 1493 was a Kuno von Eschenau , who must have died shortly afterwards. On February 9, 1527, a Margarete von Eschenau and her husband Peter Stumpf, Vogt zu Simmern , sold goods to Baldeneck and Buch to the Archbishop of Trier .

Paul Heyse , who later won the Nobel Prize for Literature, processed an episode from the Limburg Chronicle by Tilemann Elhen von Wolfhagen into the novella Brother Siechentrost . There he lets the patrician Eschenau family perform, albeit with poetic freedom as a linen weaver clan.

Johanniter branch

chapel

Around 1303 Bela von Runkel built a chapel on this property, which she assigned to the Order of St. John in 1316, presumably under the influence of her nephew Heinrich von Runkel, Commander of Nidda . Heinrich von Runkel had previously acquired some goods in Eschenau in order to equip this branch. The economic basis of this religious house was very narrow, as the area on the Lahn was heavily interspersed with monasteries and monasteries. In addition, the Lords of Runkel were not in a position to guarantee the religious house a secure existence through extensive donations. The founder, Bela, did not consider Johanniter in her will, but bequeathed her goods to members of her family. An attempt to improve the economic situation was made in 1332 by Comtur Conrad Wambold von Niederweisel, who bought his property in Eschenau from Dietrich von Runkel, who was in dire straits, but against the assurance of the right to redeem. The branch was subordinated to the Coming Niederweisel. The last documentary mention comes from the year 1336, and as early as 1341 there were no more Johanniter to be found in Eschenau. So Dietrich von Runkel seems to have bought his goods back soon after 1336. As a result, the economic basis of the house had been further reduced and the order sold its goods in Eschenau.

Fire extinguishing

In the first half of the 19th century, the six communities Obertiefenbach , Heckholzhausen , Gaudernbach , Wirbelau , Eschenau and Schupbach formed a fire fighting district. When a fire broke out, certain residents with four harnessed horses had to fetch the fire engine stationed in Schupbach immediately .

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Eschenau was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , Eschenau and other communities voluntarily merged with the city of Runkel on December 31, 1970. This made Eschenau a district of Runkel.

population

Population development

Eschenau: Population from 1834 to 1970
year     Residents
1834
  
 203
1840
  
 203
1846
  
 203
1852
  
 224
1858
  
 230
1864
  
 255
1871
  
 237
1875
  
 217
1885
  
 235
1895
  
 216
1905
  
 219
1910
  
 214
1925
  
 211
1939
  
 205
1946
  
 290
1950
  
 304
1956
  
 276
1961
  
 285
1967
  
 265
1970
  
 265
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 234 Protestant and 1 Catholic resident
• 1961: 230 Protestant, 49 Roman Catholic residents

politics

The mayor is Frank Fürstenfelder (Eschenau list).

societies

The only local association is the Eschenau volunteer fire brigade , founded in 1934 , to which the youth fire brigade founded on May 12, 2001 belongs. A gymnastics club is equally active in the neighboring village of Hofen and in Eschenau. Together with Schadeck, the two places also form a football game community. There is a singing group, but it is not a registered association.

Infrastructure

Eschenau has a community house built in 1902 and a bakery that is still functional today . The Eschenau volunteer fire brigade , founded in 1934 (since May 12, 2001 with the youth fire brigade), provides fire protection and general help. The village community center is located in the center of the village.

  • Village community center

  • Bakehouse

Web links

Commons : Eschenau  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Eschenau, Limburg-Weilburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Numbers and facts. In: website. City of Runkel, accessed August 2020 .
  3. ↑ LHA Ko Order 1A No. 9372
  4. ^ Franz-Josef Sehr : The fire extinguishing system in Obertiefenbach from earlier times . In: Yearbook for the Limburg-Weilburg district 1994 . The district committee of the Limburg-Weilburg district, Limburg-Weilburg 1993, p. 151-153 .
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Amalgamation of municipalities to form the town of Runkel on January 25, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 4 , p. 139 , point 156 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 372 .
  8. ↑ Committees. In: website. City of Runkel, accessed on August 12, 2020 .