Sovetskaya Gavan

city Sovetskaya Gawan Советская Гавань flag coat of arms Federal district far East region Khabarovsk Rajon Sovetskaya Gavan mayor Pavel Borowski Founded 1853 Earlier names Imperatorskaya Gawan (until 1922) City since 1941 surface 69  km² population 27,712 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 402 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 20  m Time zone UTC + 10 Telephone code (+7) 42138 Post Code 682880 License Plate 27 OKATO 08 418 Geographical location Coordinates 48 ° 58 '  N , 140 ° 17'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 58 '0 "  N , 140 ° 17' 0"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in the Khabarovsk region

List of cities in Russia

Sovetskaja Gawan ( Russian Сове́тская Га́вань , also Sowjetskaja Gawan ) is a city in the Khabarovsk region ( Russia ) with 27,712 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The city is located about 640 km east of the regional capital Khabarovsk on the bay of the same name in the Tatar Sound , the strait between the Sea of ​​Japan and Sea of ​​Okhotsk .

The city of Sovetskaya Gawan is directly subordinate to the region and the administrative center of the raion of the same name .

history

On May 23, 1853, Lieutenant Nikolai Boschnjak discovered the natural harbor consisting of several bays on the coast of the Tatar Sound , on the south bank of which the city of Sovetskaya Gawan is located today, and named it after the Russian Tsar Nikolai I. Gawan imperatora Nikolaja ( port of Emperor Nicholas ) , later abbreviated to Imperatorskaja Gawan ( Kaiserhafen ). On August 4th of the same year, the discoverer and later Admiral Gennadi Nevelskoi had a military post built here, which was named General-Admiral-Großfürst-Konstantin-Posten after Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolajewitsch .

After the post had been abandoned in the meantime, the area became a center of logging and trading at the beginning of the 20th century, for which concessions to foreign, e.g. B. Canadian companies were awarded.

In 1922 the port and settlement were renamed Sowetskaya Gawan ( Soviet port ).

During the Second World War , the construction of a railway line from the right bank of the Amur across from Komsomolsk on the Amur to the Pacific coast began and was chosen as the end point of Sovetskaya Gawan. In 1941 the place received town charter, in 1945 the route was opened. Plans from the 1930s had already provided such a route as the eastern section of the Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM); thus it was the first actually completed section of this line. After completion of the Amur Bridge in 1975 and the BAM Taischet - Tynda - Komsomolsk on the Amur , the original project was implemented in the 1980s.

From 1950 to 1954 the Ulminlag prison camp ( Ulminski ITL ) existed here in the Gulag system .

Population development

year	Residents	annotation
1939	11,853
1959	37,414	50,421 together with the settlements of Maiski (6,737 inhabitants) and Oktjabrski (6,270) spun off in 1959
1970	28,455	Settlements spun off after 1959: 1960 Sawety Iljitscha (9,738 inhabitants 1970), 1969 Lossossina (2,426)
1979	28,992
1989	34,915
2002	30,480
2010	27,712

Note: census data

Culture and sights

Sovetskaya Gawan has had a local museum since 1966.

Economy and Infrastructure

The port industry plays a central role: Sovetskaya Gawan has a deep-water trading and fishing port and ship repair yards, as well as the food industry (e.g. fish processing). Since the expansion of the port of Vanino , located 30 kilometers to the north, to include a ferry connection to Sakhalin in the 1970s, the importance of Sovetskaya Gawan as a commercial port has declined.

Sovetskaya Gawan was also one of the most important bases of the Russian Pacific Fleet until the 1990s .

Sovetskaya Gawan is the terminus of a railway line from Komsomolsk-on-Amur, which today represents the eastern section of the Baikal-Amur mainline, and where there is a connection to a line to Khabarovsk .

sons and daughters of the town

• Jelena Belowa (* 1947), foil fencer; four-time Olympic champion
• Nadeschda Gavriljuk (* 1951), ancient historian

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Ulminlag in the GULAG website of Memorial Deutschland e. V.

Web links

Commons : Sovetskaya Gawan  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Sovetskaya Gawan on the website of the administration of the Khabarovsk region (Russian)
• Sovetskaya Gawan on mojgorod.ru (Russian)