St. Lambertus (Steinborn)

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St. Lambertus, aerial view

St. Lambertus is a Roman Catholic branch church in Steinborn , a district of the Rhineland-Palatinate town of Daun . It belongs to the parish of St. Anna Daun-Neunkirchen of the Deanery Vulkaneifel and its core dates back to the 13th century. The sacred building is under monument protection as a cultural monument . A service has been held there once a week since 1912.

history

St. Lambertus, ca.1900

The church in Steinborn is first mentioned in 1316 in the liber valoris of the Archdiocese of Cologne , but the place probably had a small village church as early as the turn of the millennium. This is indicated on the one hand by the choice of the church patron and on the other hand by the fact that Steinborn was mentioned as a large parish in the Eifel dean of the Cologne archbishopric before 1244. However, claims that the Steinborn Church could be built on the remains of a Celtic or Roman sanctuary cannot be proven.

In the first third of the 16th century, the Romanesque building inside was redesigned into a one-pillar church based on the model of the chapel in the Kueser Cusanusstift . Before it was a flat roofed church space. After the church was dilapidated in 1788 and therefore no more services were held in it, it was probably repaired around 1800. The windows were also changed and the steeple, which was unstable due to the hillside location, was supported with buttresses up to four meters thick .

Until French rule, St. Lambertus was the parish church in the Archdiocese of Cologne, to which eleven branch churches belonged. In 1803 there was a reallocation of deaneries and dioceses , with St. Lambertus being degraded to a branch church of the newly established parish of Neunkirchen. Another renovation took place in 1899 . The last repair work to date was carried out with a thorough restoration between 1980 and 1982.

description

architecture

Layout

The core of the early Gothic church building stands on a slope above the village at the foot of a volcanic mountain. It was built in the style of a basilica and some of it dates from around 1250. The single-nave building is brightly plastered and has a massive west tower. At the eastern end is the choir with a simple saddle roof and two slender round windows in the east wall. On the north side there is an extension with a pent roof that is used as a sacristy . It has a clear width of 3.45 meters and is the only remnant of a 16th century transept, which was demolished in 1820 due to its dilapidation. The dividing arches to the main nave were walled up. The ribbed vault used to have a keystone with the coat of arms of the Prüm Abbey .

The three-storey, 24-meter-high west tower has had a baroque dome with a lantern since around 1850 and is supported by thick buttresses. On the top floor, the tower has Romanesque acoustic arcades , two of which are narrow and ogival , while the other two are coupled round arched openings with a central support without a capital .

The visitor enters the 6.80 meter wide and 11.40 meter long nave through the entrance next to the tower, the most striking feature of which is its net vault on a single central support. This is octagonal and has a round, fluted base . There is a relief of a bearded man on it, which probably represents the Daun castle waiter Johann Alflenen. He probably promoted the renovation of the church to a large extent in the 16th century. The vault has numerous figurative or painted console and keystones. They show, among other things, the instruments of Jesus' passion , the Christ monogram , the apostle Peter and St. Helena . Since the church was restored at the beginning of the 1980s, the vault ribs have been painted in Gothic red with grouting. Frescoes in the vaulted fields show the curious depiction of mercenaries making music and growing out of large calyxes.

The choir is 4.90 meters wide and about 4.40 meters deep and, like the sacristy, has a ribbed vault from the 13th century, whose pear-shaped ribs rest on columns with chalice capitals and similarly designed consoles. A small, neo-Gothic sacrament shrine is walled into the north wall of the choir . It rests on three-sided protruding pilaster columns . Its opening is crowned by a keel arch and eyelashes .

A special feature of the church is its old wooden gallery at the west end of the nave, of which there are only very few left in the Eifel . Although it dates from the 16th century, it is still well preserved and bears the 1983 is managed pipe organ with four registers .

Furnishing

Altars

The altars of St. Lambertus around 1900

The neo-Gothic high altar , acquired in 1900, is made of oak. Scenes from the life of St. Lambertus can be seen on it. The two side altars were only acquired after the First World War and are also in the neo-Gothic style. They stand on marble-clad canteens , which are a foundation from 1936. In the middle of the cafeteria of the north side altar is a baroque wooden antependium that dates back to the 18th century. Originally from the sacristy, the 115 cm wide and 62 cm high relief shows the flagellation of Christ. A wooden relief on this altar shows the 13th station of the cross , while an oil painting on wood on the south side altar shows the 12th station of the cross. The celebration altar is more recent and was created in 1983 from the former communion bench .

Shrine Madonna

In the cross-vaulted ground floor of the church tower, a Gothic wooden figure 81 cm high stands on the north-western wall of the church tower. It is a copy of a Madonna made around 1360 , which is now in the Museum am Dom Trier and was found by chance in 1980 in the attic of the Neunkirchen rectory . The original is made of linden wood and has a back plate made of fir wood. His upper body can be opened as a double-leaf door. The painted interior was probably used to store relics and showed a mercy seat . After the papal prohibition issued in 1628 to depict the Trinity in certain forms, the upper body of the figure was locked with nails. The Madonna wears a headscarf and Gothic hair ornaments. She is also dressed in a blue dress and a gold cloak. Your right hand is missing. Little Jesus stands on her left knee and holds a bird in his hands as a symbol of the Holy Spirit .

Bells

The Steinborn Church has three bells. The smallest, but also the oldest of them, is the Lambertus bell. Its inscription reads AVE GRACIA PLENA LUCAS, MARCUS, MATHEUS, SANCTUS JOHANNES, SANCTUS LAMPARTUS, IN DEM JAR MCCCCLXIII (Hail [Mary], full of grace, Luke, Markus, Matthew, Saint John, Saint Lambert, in 1463) .

The middle of the three bells is called the poor soul bell and was cast in 1920. It replaced the previous bell of the same name that was confiscated for war purposes in 1917 and weighed 300 kilograms. Their inscription reads: I WANT TO SING TO YOU ETERNAL QUIET, DURING THE PARTING TOEN, COMPLETE THE RUN, BRING THE PRIZE WITH WHICH THE LORD WANTS YOU KROENEN “1920” IN THE GLORY OF GOD, I SHOULD PRAISE GOD, GOOD FOR STONE . She shows the standing Jesus in a praying pose on one side and the crucified Jesus on the opposite side.

The third and largest bell in Steinborn is the eight hundred pound Barbara bell . It was also purchased in 1920 and replaced a bell of the same weight from 1775, which also had to be given in 1917 for war purposes. It originally comes from the Trier St. Antonius Church and was cast in 1492. It bears the inscription AN MCCCCLXXXXII TPE NICOLAI DE WANDALINO PASTORIS P MATHIA DE SIRSPURG FORMATA SUM, HOOR DNI NUCUPATA (In 1492, at the time of Pastor Nikolaus von Wendel, I was poured by Matthias von Siersburg, the honor of the Lord is proclaimed).

The two larger bells were requisitioned for war purposes in 1943, but contrary to expectations, they were not melted down. Only a few weeks after the end of the war, they were discovered by chance by residents of Steinborn in a Hamburg bell cemetery and brought back to their home church.

Other equipment

Next to the central column of the nave is a holy water basin made from a Roman capital made of white marble. For centuries, this capital was built into the wall next to the entrance door, but was broken out of the wall during the restoration at the beginning of the 1980s and placed in its current location.

In the choir is a brass lecture cross, made in 1840 and restored in 1979. The rococo style in which the cross was created is exceptional for the creative period .

literature

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - Vulkaneifel district. Mainz 2020, p. 11 (PDF; 4.6 MB).
  2. ↑ C. Wendt: The secret treasures of the Eifel churches. 2013, p. 138.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g E. Wackenroder: The art monuments of the Daun district. 1983, p. 237.
  4. ↑ a b History of the Church and Parish on the Steinborn website , accessed December 20, 2018.
  5. ↑ a b A. Britz: A cardinal and his building idea. Nikolaus von Kues and the one-pillar churches in the Eifel. 2016, p. 182.
  6. ↑ a b C. Wendt: The secret treasures of the Eifel churches. 2013, p. 140.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h Information on the architecture and furnishings of the church on the Steinborn website ( memento from September 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on September 19, 2016.
  8. ↑ a b c d A. Britz: A cardinal and his building idea. Nikolaus von Kues and the one-pillar churches in the Eifel. 2016, p. 183.
  9. ↑ E. Wackenroder: The art monuments of the Daun district. 1983, pp. 237-238.
  10. ↑ W. Pippke, I. Pallhuber: The Eifel. Voyages of discovery through landscape, history, culture and art. 1988, p. 232.
  11. ↑ Age information according to G. Dehio, H Caspary: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland 2005, p. 1000 and W. Pippke, I. Pallhuber: Die Eifel. Voyages of discovery through landscape, history, culture and art. 1988, p. 232. The website of the village Steinborn, however, states that the gallery was only created in 1725. See information on the architecture of the church on Steinborn's website ( memento from September 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive ).
  12. ↑ a b Information on the Shrine Madonna on the Steinborn website , accessed on September 19, 2016.
  13. ↑ a b c d e f g Information about the church bells on the Steinborn website , accessed on September 19, 2016.

Coordinates: 50 ° 12 ′ 39.4 "  N , 6 ° 47 ′ 17.7"  E