St. Michaelis (Oberkleen)
The Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Michaelis in Oberkleen , a district of Langgöns in the district of Gießen ( Hesse ), is a baroque hall church that was completed in 1769. Most of the original furnishings have been preserved, including the wooden carved pulpit and 25 parapet paintings by Daniel Hisgen . The west tower, a late Gothic defense tower , has been preserved from the 15th century , the pointed helmet of which is flanked by four guard houses . The church shapes the townscape and is a Hessian cultural monument .
story
Ecclesiastically, Oberkleen originally belonged to the Parochialverband (parish) Großen-Linden and thus to the deanery of Wetzlar in the archdeaconate of St. Lubentius Dietkirchen in the diocese of Trier . The people of Oberkleen had to travel 25 km to the Großen-Lindener church for church services and casuals . The broadcasting court also took place there. Oberkleen had its own church after 1235 and before 1347. In a document on June 6, 1347 a " BURGHARDUS pastor in superiori CLEYN " is named. Cleeberg was a branch church of Oberkleen until 1748, which however fought for its independence. The rule of Cleeberg Castle visited the church in Oberkleen and the last descendant Philippa Riedeselin found her final resting place there. A document from 1355 shows that Oberkleen was under the patronage of the Ganerbe von Cleeberg. The chapel in Cleeberg had its own chaplain at that time, but still belonged to the mother church in Oberkleen.
The patronage of St. Michael, which refers to the Archangel Michael , is attested for the first time in 1669 and several times in the 18th century. In May 2009 the presbytery decided to use the naturalized name again.
The defense tower was built between 1450 and 1500 . The ground floor tower room was used for worship purposes, while the two upper floors were used for defense and refuge. Following the Franconian and Thuringian tradition, the tower was not attached to the west, but to the east of the old parish church. A passage formed the connection between the two buildings.
The Reformation was introduced in the Cleeberg office in 1531/1532 . Pastor Johann Wißbach converted from the Catholic faith and became the first Protestant pastor. His successor Michael Weishuhn served the community from 1540 to 1572. The tower was repaired in 1699. When the bourgeois community, which had already been obliged to build in the 17th century, refused to pay the watchmaker's wages, they were "called on because of this money with hard execution, the community chiefs pulled the cattle out of the stables and put them into arrest" .
It was not until 1748 and finally in 1765 when Cleeberg became an independent parish that it gained its ecclesiastical independence from Oberkleen, when they did not want to share in the costs of the rebuilding of the old church nave in Oberkleen, which had become too small. Nothing is known about the age and architecture of the first parish church. The previous building, the stones of which may have been reused in the new building in the east, was demolished in 1767. During the transition period, services were held in the tower. The new nave was completed in 1769 and consecrated on October 7, 1770.
A new organ was completed in 1834. No precise information is available about the previous instrument. The nave was repainted in 1868. In 1883 an interior renovation took place. After the First World War , family members donated a leaded glass window next to the pulpit to commemorate the fallen .
After the Second World War , the local Catholics, the number of whom had risen sharply due to displaced persons , celebrated mass in St. Michael until the Catholic Church of Mary Queen was built in 1960.
In 1955 the nave and steeple were re-slated, and in 1956 the church was renovated. The arched windows originally had lead-glazed hexagonal window panes, which were replaced by rectangular ones in a light brown tint. In 1983 an exterior renovation took place, in 1984 an interior renovation of the church with the restoration of the green tones. The tower was extensively renovated between 2002 and 2005 for around 145,000 euros.
The Protestant parishes of Oberkleen and Ebersgöns have been parishioners since 1963. The parishes belong to the Evangelical Church District on Lahn and Dill in the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland .
architecture
The mighty west tower over a square ground plan of 9 × 9 meters has a height of 30 meters to the tower button and 34.20 meters to the cock. The undivided tower shaft is solidly walled up from local limestone quarry stone with individual corner blocks made of lung stone. The fortified choir tower is three-storey and has 1.5 meters thick outer walls. The horizontal loopholes on three sides have been preserved, as are the ogival gates, to which ladders used to provide access. On the third floor, the clock faces of the tower clock are attached to the north and west. The two tracery twin windows in the south tower wall with irregular Lungstein walls were broken through later. In the wooden, eight-sided pointed helmet, the bell room is housed with a four-bell ring. The small dormers with triangular gables serve as sound holes . The slated helmet structure is surrounded by four small wichhouses , which were slated in 1955. The slender pointed helmets are crowned by a ball. A missing control house on the south side was renewed in 1899.
The west portal from 1768 serves as the main entrance and still contains the baroque door leaves made of oak. A relief in the upper sandstone wall made of greenish Anröchter green sandstone shows two lions and two three-leaf clovers, the coat of arms of those of Cleen. A wooden porch has a crested hip .
On the north side a small sacristy with groin vault and a semicircular stair tower are added, which leads to the first tower floor. The original sacred space in the tower hall consists of two bays with beltless groin vaults on consoles , which ends in a figurative keystone . A pointed arched door with an oak door gives access to the sacristy.
The east-facing hall church made of quarry stone is 17.80 × 12.10 meters in size; the walls are 1.20 meters thick. It is closed by a gable roof with five small dormers on each side. The nave is characterized by high, arched windows and a three-sided east end. The north, east and south sides each have three windows. The middle windows of the two long sides are halfway up to keep space for the portals below. Of the two portals on the long sides, only the northern one is currently open; the south portal with segment arch, above which the Christ window is located, is bricked up.
Furnishing
The piscina on the east side, the sacrament niche from the Gothic period with the alliance coat of arms of the Counts of Isenburg and Nassau and the niches in the north and south walls for the altar boys allude to the worship service of the entrance area in the tower . On these two walls there are five consecration crosses from the pre-Reformation period. Philippa Riedeselin's grave slab is in the former sacristy. In 1768 a two-flight oak staircase was built into the tower. In the crossbeams, which may have been taken over from the demolished parish church, the Bible verse Mi 6,8 LUT is carved: "[It is to you] GT PEOPLE WHAT IS GVT AND WHAT THE LORD asks of you, namely hal TEN LIEB VBEN VNDT BE HUMBLE FOR YOUR DEIN [em God]. ”The painting of the window frames dates from the time of the new church building. The baroque lecture cross has been erected there since 2006 , the figure of which may have come from the Romanesque period . Above the west portal there are remains of a lettering with the biblical words from Hi 19,25-27 LUT (around 1770). To the left of the lettering, the Bible verse Ps 121.8 LUT was painted on the wall in 2003 during the renovation of the church tower . On the door leaf of the inner door to the stair tower is a Bundschuh , a symbol of the rural Bundschuh movement from the 13th to 15th centuries .
The baroque interior of the nave has largely been preserved and is dominated by various shades of green. The ceiling is painted with rocailles in four corners . The oval-shaped ceiling painting in rural painting by Daniel Hisgen from the time the church was built (1770) depicts the Ascension of Christ . In a popular painting style, it shows Christ in the center with outstretched arms in a wreath of clouds. On the left edge of the picture, the group of the eleven apostles huddled on a hill. Two angels in white robes without wings teach the apostles and point to Christ. In 2003 Bernd Beierlein restored ceiling paintings including rocailles. The wooden gallery running on three sides rests on baluster-shaped columns. On the parapet, 25 oil paintings by Daniel Hisgen (1770) with biblical depictions in the Rococo style deal with the themes from creation to the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. 13 pictures show scenes from the Old Testament ( Adam and Eve , patriarchs , Moses , David , Elijah and Daniel ). 11 out of 12 images for the New Testament depict scenes from the life of Jesus ( proclamation of the Lord up to the resurrection). They were restored in 1979 by Heide Giel from Wiesbaden.
Marital status and gender are reflected in the previous seating arrangement: married women sat in the pews in the western part of the nave, on the right in front the girls after confirmation , behind them the young married women, in front on the left the widows and older married women. The presbyters had their place in barred stands in the north-east in front of the stairway to the organ gallery. Before that, rows of benches were set up for unconfirmed girls, while the boys sat opposite on benches in front of the pulpit. Married men had their seats in the gallery, the younger the farther from the pulpit. The rows of pews behind the altar were reserved for unmarried men. The boys sat in the first row after confirmation.
The polygonal wooden pulpit from the time the church was built is attached to the elevationless south side . It consists of the staircase, a small pulpit with the four painted evangelists in the fields between columns and a sound cover, which is crowned by a carved pelican. According to Christian iconography , the pelican, who feeds his young with his own blood, symbolizes the sacrificial death of Christ. Below that, two gilded lions bear Cleen's coat of arms, a three-leaf clover. The stained glass window to the right of the pulpit comes from the Zettler glass painting company in Munich. It depicts the risen Christ holding the victory flag in his left hand and raising his right hand in a blessing. Two child angels wear a flower garland at his feet. The round arch shows the crown of life to which the inscription from Rev 2,10b LUT refers.
The altar consists of two sandstone blocks with a simple 15 cm thick marble slab as a cafeteria . The wooden substructure was removed in 1955. The carved altar crucifix probably dates back to medieval times . The cheeks of the church stalls are carved.
organ
The previous church already had an organ . In the course of the construction of the new church, organ builder Dreuth was rewarded in 1770 for implementing this instrument in the new church. Johann Georg Bürgy built a new organ between 1830 and 1834 for 720 guilders . Older parts may have been used. The old organ was sold to Dutenhofen , where the case has been preserved. The position of the new organ on the east gallery behind and above the altar corresponds to the Protestant principle of the altar organ . The single-manual instrument originally had ten registers . The trumpet register was later replaced by a violin principal by Adolf Eppstein ( Weilmünster ) and the flaut (treble) by Orgelbau Hardt ( Möttau ) by a flute. In 1976/77 a restoration and expansion to twelve registers by Hardt took place. The old register inventory has largely been preserved. The classicist prospectus has seven axes and is crowned by urns and two angels with trumpets. Small pipe fields with three pipes each nestle against the two elevated round towers. The low but wide middle field is rounded on the sides. All pipe fields close at the top with a veil . The disposition is:
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Bells
The church is said to have had an evangelist bell as early as the 13th or 14th century. It cracked when the bell rang and was replaced by Ulrich in Apolda in 1899 . The smallest bell from 1787 was replaced after 1836 and a bell purchased in 1866 by Franz Schilling in Apolda in 1902. The bells from 1899 and 1902 had to be handed in during the First World War. They were replaced, but had to be relinquished again during World War II. In 1954 the civil parish gave the parish three new bells. Since then, the Oberkleen Church has had a four-bell ring. The large bell does not have any inscriptions other than the year that indicate its origin, but its decorative rings and crown are almost identical to a bell cast by Laux Rucker in Homberg (Ohm) in 1603.
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No. |
Surname |
Casting year |
Foundry, casting location |
Diameter (mm) |
Mass (kg) |
Percussive ( HT - 1 / 16 ) |
inscription |
image |
| 1 | - | 1600 | possibly Laux Rucker from Volpertshausen | 1100 | approx. 750 | f sharp 1 | "+ 1 6 0 0 +" |
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| 2 | Annunciation Bell | 1954 | Brothers Bachert , Bad Friedrichshall- Kochendorf | 940 | 460 | a 1 | "Land, land, land, hear the word of the Lord [Jeremiah 22:29]" |
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| 3 | Prayer bell | 1954 | Bachert brothers, Bad Friedrichshall-Kochendorf | 840 | 325 | h 1 | “Be happy in hope, be patient in truebsal, stop praying. [Romans 12,12] “ Christ unica spes |
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| 4th | Peace bell | 1954 | Bachert brothers, Bad Friedrichshall-Kochendorf | 710 | 194 | d 2 | “ Graciously grant us peace , Lord God, in our times. After all, there is no one else who could fight for us, because you alone are our God [Martin Luther] As a memory of our dear fallen ones " |
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Parish
The parish is Lutheran and belongs to the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland in the Wetzlar parish . Between 1929 and 1963 Oberkleen was looked after from Niederkleen . Since 1963, the parishes in Oberkleen and Ebersgöns have shared a pastoral office based in Ebersgöns. Meetings of the two presbyteries are usually held together. The community has had a youth home since 1962 and a community hall since 1972. The parish of Oberkleen has 759, Ebersgöns 454 members (as of 2014).
The pastors have been completely documented since the Reformation.
- 1531/1532: Johann Wißbach
- 1540–1578: Michael Weishuhn
- 1578-1602: Michael Hartherz
- 1602–1604: Daniel Schüler
- 1607–1609: Johann Jacob Tautophaeus
- 1615–1621: Christian Braun (Brayneck)
- 1621–1624: Philipp Etho (Ettho)
- 1625 : Christian Braun (Breun)
- 1625–1629: Friedrich Pauli
- 1633-1635: Johann Lucius
- 1635-1636: Johann Philipp Find
- 1636–1651: Johann Konrad Braubach
- 1651–1673: Johannes Ortenberger
- 1673–1696: Johann Vigelius
- 1697–1755: Johann Georg Wilhelm Jakobi
- 1755–1768: Daniel Draudt
- 1768–1771: Johann Friedrich Schmidtborn
- 1775–1797: Eberhard Rumpf
- 1798–1820: Ludwig Friedrich Münch
- 1822–1825: Friedrich Förtsch
- 1826–1830: Friedrich Kilian Abicht
- 1831–1834: Johannes Jakob Hessel
- 1834–1841: Philipp Karl Christian Blum
- 1842–1896: Heinrich Christian Usener
- 1896–1929: August Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Hartmann
- 1930–1958: Ulrich Kulke, Niederkleen
- 1958–1963: Gerhard Kutscher, Niederkleen
- 1963–1972: Friedel Schmidt, Ebersgöns
- 1972–1979: Jörn-Erik Gutheil, Ebersgöns
- 1981–1984: Ernst von der Recke, Ebersgöns
- 1985– : Michael Ruf, Ebersgöns
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 724 f.
- Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt. (= Hassia sacra , vol. 5). Self-published, Darmstadt 1931, pp. 550–554.
- Erwin Glaum, Hans-Gerhard Stahl: The Protestant St. Michaelis Church in Oberkleen. (= Oberkleener Heimathefte , Vol. 3). 3. Edition. Local history and history association Oberkleen, Oberkleen 2015.
- State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen II. Buseck, Fernwald, Grünberg, Langgöns, Linden, Pohlheim, Rabenau. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2178-7 , p. 339 f.
Web links
- Homepage of the parish on ebersgoens.de: The Protestant St. Michaelis Church in Oberkleen
- State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen (Ed.): Evangelical Church In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hessen
- "Oberkleen, District of Giessen". Historical local dictionary for Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on August 21, 2013 .
Individual evidence
- ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 340.
- ^ Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area. (= Writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 ). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, p. 202.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 14.
- ↑ a b c Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Oberkleen e. V .: Presentation of the 3rd Oberkleener Heimatheft , accessed on March 26, 2018.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 21.
- ↑ a b c d e State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen (Ed.), Lang (Ed.): Kulturdenkmäler in Hessen. 2010, p. 339.
- ^ "Oberkleen, District of Giessen". Historical local dictionary for Hesse. (As of December 12, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ a b c d e ebersgoens.de: The Protestant St. Michaelis Church in Oberkleen , accessed on April 19, 2013.
- ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler , Hessen I. 2008, p. 724.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 24 f.
- ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1931, p. 551.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, pp. 26, 36.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, pp. 84, 90.
- ↑ ebersgoens.de: completion of the steeple renovation in Oberkleen , accessed on April 19, 2013.
- ^ Frank Rudolph: 200 years of evangelical life. Wetzlar's church history in the 19th and 20th centuries. Tectum, Marburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8288-9950-6 , p. 27.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 32.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 36.
- ↑ a b Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 725.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 63 f.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 58 f.
- ↑ a b Uta Barnikol-Lübeck: Pictures by Daniel Hisgen make biblical stories vivid m accessed on September 21, 2020.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 78.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 88 f.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, p. 71.
- ↑ Glaum: The Protestant St. Michael's Church Oberkleen. 2015, pp. 76-77.
- ↑ Friedrich Kilian Abicht: The district of Wetzlar, presented historically, statistically and topographically. Volume 2. Wetzlar 1836, p. 76 ( limited preview in Google book search, accessed on November 29, 2018).
- ^ Franz Bösken : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 2: The area of the former administrative district of Wiesbaden (= contributions to the Middle Rhine music history 7.2 . Part 2 (L – Z)). Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1370-6 , p. 683 .
- ↑ Stahl: The Protestant St. Michaelis Church in Oberkleen. 2015, pp. 38–39.
- ↑ Hellmut Schliephake: Bell customer of the district of Wetzlar. In: Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal e. V. 12th yearbook. 1989, ISSN 0722-1126 , pp. 5-150, here p. 140.
- ↑ Michael Ruf: The Message of the Bells (PDF file), accessed on April 19, 2013.
- ↑ ebersgoens.de: Community conception , accessed on April 20, 2013.
- ↑ ebersgoens.de: The pastor of Oberkleen , accessed April 20, 2013.
Coordinates: 50 ° 27 ′ 39.6 ″ N , 8 ° 35 ′ 24.6 ″ E
