St. Pankratius (Glehn)

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St. Pancras

St. Pankratius is a Roman Catholic parish church in the Glehn district in the town of Korschenbroich . Parish patron is St. Pancras , a Roman martyr of the early Christian Church. The parish of St. Pankratius is part of the Archdiocese of Cologne . The parish belongs to the parish community Neuss- West / Korschenbroich in the city ​​dean of Neuss.

history

A church in Glehn ("ecclesia de Glene") is mentioned for the first time in a document issued by Pope Innocent IV on November 14, 1246 in Lyon. The text of this document shows that Glehn was an own church - that is, a church that was built by a landlord on his own property and whose economic existence was secured in the long term through the granting of benefices . From this the landlords derived the right to propose a priest to the church authorities.

The mentioned papal document from the year 1246 cleared a dispute between the noble families Helpenstein and Randerath to this law, the rector at the Church Glehner present . The text proves that the Glehner church must be of even older origin. He mentions that there were two other priests before the year 1246 (“ultimi duo rectores ipsius ecclesie ante vacantionem istam fuerant ab dominis de Helpinsthein presentati” ≈ “The last two pastors of this church before the current vacancy are appointed by the Lords of Helpenstein been. "), before these another named Rether, the oldest known by name priest in Glehn.

This age is confirmed by the fact that the ancestors of the then Mr. von Helpenstein had already exercised the right of patronage over the Glehner church ("pater, avus et attavus" ≈ "father, grandfather and great-grandfather"). The preserved baptismal font is a testimony from this time . The lavish furnishings of the parish office also indicate a high age. In the Liber valoris in 1308 40 marks are shown for the Glehner pastor, the highest endowment of all pastors in the old dean's office in Neuss .

The dispute between the Randerath and Helpenstein families over the Glehner Church ended 30 years later when Wilhelm, Count von Jülich , successor to the Randeraths, permanently transferred his share of the church property to the von Helpenstein family. In 1329 they got into a serious feud with the Archbishop of Cologne, Heinrich von Virneburg . After their defeat they had to cede the Glehner church to the Cologne cathedral chapter .

First Glehner Church

No documents are available about the construction time of the first Glehner church. A photograph from 1868 shows it to be a Romanesque church with low aisles . The tuff stone walls of the main nave with very small windows were structured on the outside by pilaster strips and arched friezes. A rectangular choir room was added on the east side . In the west of the church was the massive tower covered with a gable roof , described as being very representative .

Little is known about their equipment either. During the demolition, eight coffins were found in a crypt in the choir room, which contained the bones of adults and children. Well-preserved rosaries and crosses were found in them. In addition to the main altar in the choir, there were other altars in the side aisles. One of the oldest was dedicated to Saint Sebastian , whose existence is proven as early as 1444. Other altars were dedicated to Saints Catherine , Matthias and Antonius and the Mother of God . Other pieces of equipment from the old church, such as the aforementioned baptismal font and the statue of the Glehner Madonna, can still be found in the current church. A bell that hangs in the roof turret of today's church has also been preserved .

Floor plan of the old Glehner church under the new building

The old church had been expanded a number of times over the centuries, but by the beginning of the 19th century it proved to be too small. The first considerations for a new building were made as early as 1846. However, disagreements over funding delayed planning by nearly 20 years. It was not until 1865 that the church council made the final decision. Today's Pankratius Church was built between 1868 and 1872 by the architect and church builder Heinrich Nagelschmidt (Cologne). Since the old church initially had to continue to be used, the new tower and the western yokes were first built in front of the previous tower and closed with a temporary partition to the east. After its completion, the service was relocated here. Subsequently (1870/71) the old church was demolished; the new choir room found its place in the second construction phase. After the partition wall between the western and eastern parts had been laid down, the first service in the entire building was celebrated on January 21, 1873. The consecration did not take place until May 17, 1876 by the Cologne auxiliary bishop and vicar general Baudri .

In the following decades the equipment of the church was gradually completed (see below). The damage in World War II mainly affected the windows, which were almost completely destroyed. The structural substance and the inventory, on the other hand, were hardly affected.

The changes in the post-war decades were far more serious. The carvings on the pews were removed as early as 1949/50. After the 2nd Vatican Council with its far-reaching decisions in the area of ​​the liturgy , the church was extensively redesigned at the end of the sixties and the beginning of the seventies: the communion pews , all side altars, the pulpit and the high altar (this only temporarily) were removed, the stations of the cross were white Painted over, blind arcades covered and numerous figures relocated or destroyed.

The church owes its current appearance to a far-reaching renovation in 2008/2009, during which some changes from the 1970s were reversed. Not only were the side altars partially reconstructed and re-erected, the blind arcades on the upper side walls were also made visible again. The heating system was renewed, a new floor was laid and walls and vaults were repainted. On April 4, 2009 the first service in the renovated church was celebrated by the Archbishop of Cologne, Cardinal Meisner .

architecture

Church interior

In the church there is a neo-Gothic three-nave brick - basilica with transept and elongated choir , a high, upstairs richly arranged West Tower and Vierungs -Dachreiter.

The main tower is flanked by two entrance halls that give access to the aisles. The north of these halls is designed as a memorial chapel in honor of the inhabitants killed in the two world wars.

Furnishing

Facilities and works of art

  • Mission cross in the north entrance hall (1700)
  • Stations of the Cross (1884)
  • Oak pulpit with the symbols of the four evangelists
  • Table of all pastors from Glehn, starting with Ms. von Helpenstein (active around 1293)
  • Sculptures by Nikolaus Steinbach in Cologne's cathedral building  : “Death of St. Josef "and" Pietà "(1907)
  • Statue of St. Pankratius by sculptor you from Neuss (1921)
  • Easter candle stand ; this was after the WW2 by a local artisan from a cartridge made

Baptismal font

Romanesque font
Head on the font

The Romanesque baptismal font made of Namur bluestone dates from the 12th century and is therefore the oldest religious testimony in Glehn (the brass-colored lid is a later ingredient). It is designed in a rustic crucible shape , rests on a strong central support and is decorated with a round arch frieze on the upper edge.

The most striking jewelry are four heads on the upper edge. Baptismal fountains with such decorations are not uncommon in the near and far. You find yourself u. a. in St. Remigius in Düsseldorf-Wittlaer, St. John the Baptist in Erkrath (Mettmann district), St. Antonius Abbas in Herkenrath (Bergisch Gladbach) or the Antoniterkirche in Cologne. They all date from the 12th century.

Despite this frequency, the interpretation of these heads is controversial. The number four is not uncommon in Christian tradition. It is conceivable that the four heads are supposed to symbolize the four cardinal points or the four rivers of Paradise . Other possible interpretations are the four evangelists , the four cardinal virtues or the four great prophets ( Isaiah , Jeremiah , Ezekiel and Daniel) .

Glehner Madonna and high altar

Glehner Madonna
High altar

The age of the "Glehner Madonna" set up in the chancel cannot be determined exactly. It is mentioned for the first time in 1651 as a popular pilgrimage destination in the parish chronicle. The silver crowns and the scepter were made in 1700 because the original ones had been stolen in a burglary a year earlier.

When the old church was demolished, the Madonna was relocated and forgotten. It was not brought back to the church until 1929, where it was placed in the tower hall for many decades and thus freely accessible to pilgrims.

The neo-Gothic high altar made of oak was made in 1887 by the Cologne sculptor August Kägers. Two fields flank the tabernacle , which is surmounted by a small cross : the left shows the carrying of the cross, the right shows the entombment of Jesus. In doing so, they corresponded to the liturgical-theological understanding of the time, which focused less on redemption through the resurrection and more on the cross and suffering. This aspect is taken up by the choir windows above, even if they come from a later period.

window

When it was built, the church initially received only simple glazing. In the choir room, one of these windows was exchanged for a stained window in 1891 - a gift from the parish to its pastor, who was celebrating his 50th anniversary as a priest at the time. This window has not stood the test of time. It was not until 1918 that elaborate neo-Gothic windows were gradually installed throughout the church. Only seven of the pre-war windows have survived. The five oldest in the north aisle represent the secrets of the glorious rosary . An inscription in the middle window documents the workshop of Wilhelm Derix in Goch .

The large window dedicated to St. Elisabeth in the north transept and the window in the north choir from 1939, which cannot be seen from the church, and shows the twelve-year-old Jesus in the temple, also date from the time before the Second World War . The remaining windows were destroyed in May 1943 (bombing) and in March 1945 ( pressure wave from artillery shells ).

First of all, the small windows in the south aisle were replaced in 1956. The very colorful depictions show the secrets of the joyous rosary. Immediately afterwards, the redesign of the southern choir window with images of scenes from the Old Testament was started . Due to its location on the side vestry door this window is only from the sanctuary to look.

The south transept window was originally intended to be used in a train with the Elisabeth window opposite, even before the war. Completion was delayed, however, so that after the war began, the installation was not carried out. The window made by the glass painting company Oidtmann in Linnich shows Saint Boniface in the central image field . The saints that were added later and symbolize the community of the church were designed by Peter Weber ( Düsseldorf ). In the 1970s he also designed the windows in the choir with the representation of the Passion of Christ and the images of saints in the windows above the side altars.

  • Window in the north aisle (from 1918)

  • Elisabeth window in the north transept (1930s)

  • Northern choir window (1939)

  • Window in the south aisle (from 1956)

  • Southern choir window (1950s)

  • Boniface window (thirties with later additions)

  • Choir window (seventies)

organ

Klais organ in St. Pankratius

The organ , built by Johannes Klais in 1907/08 , was faithfully restored by the Klais company in 1994. It comprises 31  stops on two manuals and a pedal .

I main work
1. Drone 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Double clad 8th'
4th Viola da gamba 8th'
5. Flauto amabile 8th'
6th Dolce 8th'
7th octave 4 ′
8th. Hollow flute 4 ′
9. Flauto piccolo 2 ′
10. Intoxicating fifth II
11. Mixture IV
12. Trumpet 8th'
II. Manual: Swell
13. viola 16 ′
14th Principal amabile 8th'
15th Concert flute 8th'
16. Lovely Gedackt 8th'
17th Quintatön 8th'
18th Salicional 8th'
19th Vox coelestis 8th'
20th Principal 4 ′
21st Flauto traverso 4 ′
22nd flute 2 ′
23. Cornett II-IV
Pedal mechanism
24. Principal 16 ′
25th Violon 16 ′
26th Salicet 16 ′
27. Sub-bass 16 ′
28. Octave bass 8th'
29 violoncello 8th'
30th octave 4 ′
31. trombone 16 ′
  • Couple
    • Normal coupling: II / I
    • Super octave coupling: I / II, I / P, II / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: II / I
    • Melody coupler: I / II
  • Playing aids: two registries and four fixed combinations: piano, mezzoforte, forte, tutti; Pedal moderator; Shut-off: disconnect octave, disconnect reeds; Foot switch: registry I, registry II; Swell step coupled with hand lever, at the same time display.

The organ has a fully pneumatic playing and stop action . The doors of the swell box are also pneumatically operated. Since 1913, the wind has been supplied using low-speed centrifugal fans . Alternatively, the Kalkanten plant with four wedge bellows has been preserved and fully functional, which must be stepped on by two people.

Bells

The church has five bronze bells. Four bells form the main ring in the west tower. The smallest and oldest, listed bell hangs in the small tower, the roof turret.

During the Second World War , the bells were retracted except for the Pankratius bell and remained missing until 1949. Years later, however, they were found near Hamburg and brought back.

Technical data and inscriptions

Bell jar
  		 Surname
  		 Foundry, casting location
  		 Casting year
  		Ø
(mm) 		Weight
(kg) 		Nominal
(16th note) 		material
  		inscription
 
I.  Trinity Joseph et al. Wilhelm Edelbrock, Gescher 1859 1430 1925 d'-3 bronze DREIFALTIGKEIS - BELL "BENEDICTA SIT SANCTA TRINITAS ATQUE INDIVISA UNITAS, PATER ET FILIUS ET SPIRITUS SANCTUS." (Praise be to the Holy Trinity and undivided Unity, Father, Son and Holy Spirit.)
II  Heart of jesus Karl (I) Otto, F. Otto, Hemelingen near Bremen 1907 1280 1350 e'-5 bronze HEART OF JESUS ​​- BELL "S. COR JESU CUI DICATA SUM SIS DONATORUM SPES IN TERRIS ET DELICIAE IN COELIS 1 9 0 7". (Sacred Heart of Jesus, to whom I am consecrated, be the hope of the founders on earth and their joy in heaven 1907.)
III  Catherine Werner Hubert Paul Maria Hüesker, Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock, Gescher 1922 1080 790 f sharp '-1 bronze KATHARINA - BELL "SANCTA CATHARINA, ORA PRO NOBIS PIIS GLEHNENSIBUS ET PRO MILITIBUS NOSTRIS IN FIDE CAESIS." 1 9 2 2 (St. Catherine, pray for us pious gleeers and for our soldiers who fell in faith.)
IV  Pancras Joseph et al. Wilhelm Edelbrock, Gescher 1859 940 550 a'-6 bronze PANKRATIUS - BELL "SANCTE PANCRATI MARTYR GLORIOSE ORA PRO NOBIS." (Saint Pancras, glorious martyr, pray for us).
V   Johann Lehr, Cologne 1665 460 60 a '' - 3 bronze

Chime motif

{\ key c \ major \ time 4/4 \ partial 2 d'2 d'4 a'4 fis'4 d'4 e'4 e'4 fis'2} \ addlyrics {Rejoice, you heaven - kö - ni - gin}

The main bells hanging in a steel belfry from 1907. The electro-mechanical HEW- ringing machines of the main peal were purchased in 1949 that the roof turret bell in the 1960s.

The mechanical Vortmann tower clock has three dials and two striking mechanisms .

On Corpus Christi, on First Communion and on the parish festival in Glehn, the widespread Beiern is common in the Rhineland .

Church institutions

Filial church St. Josef Steinforth-Rubbelrath
  • St. Josefshaus Chapel

The chapel, built in 1888, belonged to the former Glehner Hospital, today's technology center. A first renovation took place in 1964. The neo-Gothic altar was removed and replaced by a simple wooden altar. The original painting was painted over. The Cologne artist Friedel Denecke created an iron wall cross with Maria and Johannes and the tabernacle as well as a way of the cross as enamel work . In 1993 the original paintings from 1888 and 1911 were exposed again during a further renovation. On the right side wall a woodcut figure of St. Joseph by an Oberammergau artist from the 50 years of the last century was placed.

Monument description

Three-aisled brick basilica in neo-Gothic decorative forms with transept, polygonal choir, integrated four-story square west tower and roof turret; the neo-Gothic furnishings largely preserved; the stained glass windows in the northern nave from 1920.

Additional entry: Entry: March 11, 1993

In addition to my above-mentioned decision, I hereby place the organ in the church building under monument protection with immediate effect. The two-manual, pneumatic cone chest organ was built in 1907 by Johannes Klais. There is a public interest in the maintenance and use of the organ. The organ is important for human history and there are artistic and ethnological reasons for its preservation and use. As this is a historical piece of equipment from the “Kath. Parish Church St. Pankratius Glehn ”, this organ is to be treated in the same way as a monument, since it forms a unit of monument value with the monument. The organ was therefore included in the list of monuments of the city of Korschenbroich, serial no. 061, as part of the “Kath. Parish Church of St. Pankratius Glehn ”added.

Web links

Commons : St. Pankratius  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Original in the Historical Archive of the City of Cologne, Domstift, Urk. 3/182. Latin text and German translation quoted from Hans Georg Kirchhoff: Glehn - a historical reading book . Korschenbroich 1979.
  2. ^ Matthias Ahrweiler: Sankt Pankratius Glehn , Festschrift for the completion of the interior renovation of the parish church in April 2009. Bergheim 2009, p. 11.
  3. ^ Theoder Lacomblet: Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine, Vol. 2, No. 695, Düsseldorf 1846.
  4. ↑ See Matthias Ahrweiler: The parish church of St. Pankratius zu Glehn - Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the consecration . o. O. 1976, p. 10.
  5. ↑ These were probably the remains of the owners of the Fleckenhaus Glehn , who had the right to inheritance in the church. Cf. on this Jakob Bremer: The imperial direct rule Dyck . Grevenbroich / Mönchengladbach 1959, p. 411.
  6. ↑ Cf. Jakob Bremer: The Electoral Cologne Office Liedberg, Mönchengladbach 1930. The Sebastianus Brotherhood, founded in 1440, has existed in Glehn to this day. ( Brotherhood website )
  7. ↑ The evidence for this can be found in the archive of the parish III / 1.
  8. ↑ a b c Website of St. Pankratius Glehn in the Archdiocese of Cologne
  9. ↑ See the discussion with Matthias Ahrweiler: The parish church of St. Pankratius zu Glehn - Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the consecration . o. O. 1976, p. 23.
  10. ↑ See the article by Peter Mabé, Die Madonna von Glehn, Neuss-Grevenbroicher Zeitung of January 28, 1971.
  11. ↑ The following explanations are based on Matthias Ahrweiler: The parish church of St. Pankratius zu Glehn - Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the consecration . o. O. 1976, pp. 24-32.
  12. ^ Organ building Klais
  13. ^ Paul TJ van de Weyer: The restored Klais organ of the Catholic parish of St. Pankratius . Leaflet, Korschenbroich n.d.
  14. ↑ a b Gerhard Hoffs: Glocken im Stadtdekanat Neuss (PDF) ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.glockenbuecherebk.de archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Pages 39–42.
  15. ^ Rudolf Stübben: Homepage - St. Sebastianus Brotherhood Glehn 1440. Accessed on February 7, 2018 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 9 ′ 58.7 "  N , 6 ° 34 ′ 31.8"  E